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| 1 | Anisotropism of the Non-Smooth Surface of Butterfly Wing显示文摘Twenty-nine species of butterflies were collected for observation and determination of the wing surfaces using a ScanningElectron Microscope(SEM).Butterfly wing surface displays structural anisotropism in micro-,submicro- and nano-scales.Thescales on butterfly wing surface arrange like overlapping roof tiles.There are submicrometric vertical gibbosities,horizontallinks,and nano-protuberances on the scales.First-incline-then-drip method and first-drip-then-incline method were used tomeasure the Sliding Angle(SA)of droplet on butterfly wing surface by an optical Contact Angle(CA)measuring system.Relatively smaller sliding angles indicate that the butterfly wing surface has fine self-cleaning property.Significantly differentSAs in various directions indicate the anisotropic self-cleaning property of butterfly wing surface.The SAs on the butterfly wingsurface without scales are remarkably larger than those with scales,which proves the crucial role of scales in determining theself-cleaning property.Butterfly wing surface is a template for design and fabrication ofbiomimetic materials and self-cleaningsubstrates.This work may offer insights into how to design directional self-cleaning coatings and anisotropic wetting surface. | Gang Sun~(1,2), Yan Fang~(1,2), Qian Cong~1, Lu-quan Ren~11. Key Laboratory of Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University,Changchun 130022, P. R. China2. School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, P. R. China | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，1： | 10 |
| 2 | The causes and processes responsible for rocky desertification in karst areas of southern China显示文摘The karst region of southern China is a fragile ecological zone with widespread rocky desertification. This paper describes the rocky desertification occurring in this region in terms of both natural and anthropogenic factors. During geological time periods, the region's changing environment governed the natural rocky desertification processes, whereas during historical and modern times, anthropogenic processes have been superimposed on these natural processes. Human activities have accelerated and exacerbated rocky desertification. The period from the beginning to the middle of the Qing dynasty was an important transitional period in which human activities began to exert a particularly strong influence on rocky desertification. Since then, the effect of anthropogenic factors has increasingly exceeded the effect of natural factors. The rocky desertification process in southern China's karst region combines surface ecological processes (including vegetation degradation and loss, soil erosion, surface water loss, and bedrock solution) with a reduction of the land's biological productivity, leading to degradation that produces rocky desert. Controlling rocky desertification requires comprehensive development of sustainable agriculture and economic development that provides employment alternatives to agriculture and thereby promotes the rehabilitation of rocky desertified land. | Sen Li 1,2*, XingHu Wei 1, JinGuo Huang 1, XiZhi Wang 1, GuanYao Lu 1, HuiXia Li 11. Institute of Resources and Environment Science, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.2. College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China. | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Determination of Trace Thiocyanate by a Chitosan-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode显示文摘A chitosan modified glassy carbon electrode(CMGCE) was employed for the determination of thiocyanate. The measurement was carried out by means of anodic stripping voltammetry. The effects of several experimental parameters, such as pH, the amount of modifier, deposition potential and deposition time were studied for analytical application, respectively. A liner response was obtained in the concentration range of 3 5×10 -8 - 9.3×10 -7 g/mL of SCN -. The detection limit was found to be 1.9×10 -8 g/mL. The method was satisfactorily used to detect SCN - in saliva. | LU Guang han 1** , YAO Xin 1, ZHOU Xiang chun 2, ZHAN Tong 1 and LONG De wu 11. Department of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China 2. Department of Chemistry, Hubei Jingzhou Teacher College, Jinzhou 434100, P. | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Modelling Immune System:Principles,Models,Analysis and Perspectives显示文摘The biological immune system is a complex adaptive system.There are lots of benefits for building the model of theimmune system.For biological researchers,they can test some hypotheses about the infection process or simulate the responsesof some drugs.For computer researchers,they can build distributed,robust and fault tolerant networks inspired by the functionsof the immune system.This paper provides a comprehensive survey of the literatures on modelling the immune system.Fromthe methodology perspective,the paper compares and analyzes the existing approaches and models,and also demonstrates thefocusing research effort on the future immune models in the next few years. | Xiang-hua Li~1, Zheng-xuan Wang~1, Tian-yang Lu~2, Xiang-jiu Che~11. College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China2. College of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Novel Sphere Compound of Mo_8V_2O_(28)·7H_2O显示文摘 | WANG Li 1, YE Ling 2, WANG En bo 1,** , WANG Shu tao 1, LU Ying 1, YUAN Mei 1 and HOU Yu 11. Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China2. Key Lab for Supramolecular Structure and Materials of Ministry | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，3： | 1 |
| 6 | A Novel Method for Synthesizing 4,4′-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine显示文摘There are several paths for synthesizing 4,4′ bis(hydroxymethyl) 2,2′ bipyridine, but most of them need strict experimental conditions that are not easy to be overcome. We designed a simple way to prepare this product via the oxidation of 4,4′ bismethyl 2,2′ bipyridine, followed by esterification and reduction. The yield increases and the reaction conditions become genial in contrast to those of other methods. The molecular structure of the final product was confirmed by means of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and MS spectra. | SU Zhong min 1,2** , CHEN Li hua 1, WU Li xin 2, XU Hong bin 1, ZHU Dong xia 1 and WANG Rong shun 11. The Chemistry Department, Functional Material Institute, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, P. R. China 2. Institute of T | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Synthesis, Structure and Characterization of a Novel Asymmetrical Half-sandwich Binuclear Iron Carborane Complex [η5-C5H3(t-Bu)2]2Fe2(CO)3Se2C2B10H10显示文摘Halfsandwich iron dicarbonyl complex [η 5-C5H3(t-Bu)2]Fe(CO)2Cl(1) reacts with 1, 2-dilithium diseleno carborane Li2Se2C2B 10H 10(2) to give a binuclear iron carborane complex [η 5-C5H3(t-Bu)2]2Fe2(CO)3·Se2C2B 10H 10(3). The X-ray diffraction analysis of complex 3 reveals that one of the iron atoms is chiral. | LU Shi-xiang 1,2, JIN Guo-xin 1**, HU Ning-hai 1 and JIA Heng-qing 11. Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China 2. College of Chemistry, Jinlin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，4： | 0 |
| 8 | Interactions of Cd Ions with Salmon Sperm DNA显示文摘The effect of Cd ions on salmon sperm DNA was studied by means of circular dichroism(CD), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The CD spectral and fluorescent probe-acriflavine results indicate that the DNA underwent a conformation change upon the addition of Cd ions. XPS and Raman studies reveal that there existed interactions between Cd ions and the phosphate groups of the DNA. In addition, a new band appeared at 803 cm -1in the Raman spectra, which can be attributed to characterizing 'marker' band of A-DNA. It is concluded that Cd ions can be coordinated by the phosphate groups of the DNA and induce the conformation changes of the DNA from B-DNA to A-DNA. | CHEN Xia 2, JIN Jian 1, YANG Wen-sheng 1** JIANG Lin 1, XU Li 1 and LI Tie-jin 11. College of Chemistry, 2. College of Life Science, Jilin University,Changchun 130023, P. R. China | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，4： | 0 |
| 9 | ^(207)Pb/^(206)Pb determination of zircons by laser probe-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry显示文摘Laser probe_inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LP_ICP_MS) was used to determine 207 Pb/ 206 Pb ratios in single zircon grains. A Nd∶YAG laser operating at 1 064 nm and a Fisons_VG PQII Turbo ICP_MS were employed. For the known zircons, the 207 Pb/ 206 Pb results of LP_ICP_MS are close to the thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) results. The spatial resolution of this method is 40-50 μm and the sensitivities for lead isotopes are about 300-400 cps/ppm. The precision of 207 Pb/ 206 Pb ratio is 0.3%-4% and depends on the lead concentration of the sampling pits. LP_ICP_MS provides a simple, rapid and economic method for zircon 207 Pb/ 206 Pb determination. | YAN Xin\+1, CHU Zhuyin\+1, SUN Min\+2, XU Ping\+1 and ZHOU Xinhua\+11. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2. Department of Geosciences, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, China | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，23： | 0 |
| 10 | Decentralized Bezout Identity and a Parametrization of Decentralized Controllers for Singular Systems | GAO Zhi\|wei 1,\ Ho Daniel W. C. 2,\ WANG Xian\|lai 1,\ LI Guang\|quan 11. Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China 2. City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China | 2000 | Systems Science and Systems Engineering2000，10，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Facile Syntheses of (6S)-6-Fluoroshikimic Acid and (6R)-6-Hydroxyshikimic Acid显示文摘S)-6-Fluoroshikimic acid 2 and (6 R ) 6 hydroxyshikimic acid 3 have been synthesized via an OsO 4 catalysed dihydroxylation of diene 7, which was derived from (-) shikimic acid 1. | Chuanjun Song 1,2 , Shende Jiang 1,* and Gurdial Singh 11. Department of Chemistry, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, SR1 3SD, UK 2. Department of Applied Chemistry, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China | 2002 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2002，18，2： | 0 |
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