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| 1 | Enhanced second-harmonic generation from two-dimensional MoSe_(2) on a silicon waveguide显示文摘Two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)with intrinsically broken crystal inversion symmetry and large secondorder nonlinear responses have shown great promise for future nonlinear light sources.However,the sub-nanometer monolayer thickness of such materials limits the length of their nonlinear interaction with light.Here,we experimentally demonstrate the enhancement of the second-harmonic generation from monolayer MoSe_(2) by its integration onto a 220-nm-thick silicon waveguide.Such on-chip integration allows for a marked increase in the interaction length between the MoSe_(2) and the waveguide mode,further enabling phase matching of the nonlinear process.The demonstrated TMDC–silicon photonic hybrid integration opens the door to second-order nonlinear effects within the silicon photonic platform,including efficient frequency conversion,parametric amplification and the generation of entangled photon pairs. | Haitao Chen Vincent Corboliou Alexander S Solntsev Duk-Yong Choi Maria A Vincenti Domenico de Ceglia Costantino de Angelis Yuerui Lu Dragomir N Neshev | 2017 | Light(Science & Applications)2017，6，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Prolonged high-fat-diet feeding promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alters gut microbiota in mice显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an epidemic largely due to the worldwide increase in obesity. While lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have been used to alleviate NAFLD, successful treatment options are limited. One of the main barriers to finding safe and effective drugs for long-term use in NAFLD is the fast initiation and progression of disease in the available preclinical models. Therefore, we are in need of preclinical models that (1) mimic the human manifestation of NAFLD and (2) have a longer progression time to allow for the design of superior treatments. AIM To characterize a model of prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for investigation of the long-term progression of NAFLD. METHODS In this study, we utilized prolonged HFD feeding to examine NAFLD features in C57BL/6 male mice. We fed mice with a HFD (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% carbohydrate) for 80 wk to promote obesity (Old-HFD group, n = 18). A low-fat diet (LFD)(14% fat, 32% protein, and 54% carbohydrate) was administered for the same duration to age-matched mice (Old-LFD group, n = 15). An additional group of mice was maintained on the LFD (Young-LFD, n = 20) for a shorter duration (6 wk) to distinguish between age-dependent and age-independent effects. Liver, colon, adipose tissue, and feces were collected for histological and molecular assessments.RESULTS Prolonged HFD feeding led to obesity and insulin resistance. Histological analysis in the liver of HFD mice demonstrated steatosis, cell injury, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, molecular analysis for markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress established that the liver tissue of HFD mice have increased phosphorylated Jnk and CHOP. Lastly, we evaluated the gut microbial composition of Old-LFD and Old-HFD. We observed that prolonged HFD feeding in mice increased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes phylum. At the genus level, we observed a significant increase in the abundance of Adercreutzia, Coprococcus, Dorea, and Ruminococcus and decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter and Anaeroplasma in HFD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, these data suggest that chronic HFD consumption in mice can mimic pathophysiological and some microbial events observed in NAFLD patients. | Kandy T Velázquez Reilly T Enos Jackie E Bader Alexander T Sougiannis Meredith S Carson Ioulia Chatzistamou James A Carson Prakash S Nagarkatti Mitzi Nagarkatti E Angela Murphy | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，8： | 6 |
| 3 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Enterography in Assessing Response to Therapy and Mucosal Healing in Patients With Crohn’s Disease显示文摘 | Ingrid Ordás Jordi Rimola Sonia Rodríguez José M. Paredes María J. Martínez-Pérez Esther Blanc Juan A. Arévalo Marta Aduna Montserrat Andreu Alexander Radosevic Anna M. Ramírez-Morros Susana Pinó Marta Gallego Aranzazu Jauregui-Amezaga Elena Ricart Julián | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 3 |
| 5 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Direct characterization of a nonlinear photonic circuit’s wave function with laser light显示文摘Integrated photonics is a leading platform for quantum technologies including nonclassical state generation1–4,demonstration of quantum computational complexity5 and secure quantum communications6.As photonic circuits grow in complexity,full quantum tomography becomes impractical,and therefore an efficient method for their characterization7,8 is essential.Here we propose and demonstrate a fast,reliable method for reconstructing the two-photon state produced by an arbitrary quadratically nonlinear optical circuit.By establishing a rigorous correspondence between the generated quantum state and classical sum-frequency generation measurements from laser light,we overcome the limitations of previous approaches for lossy multimode devices9,10.We applied this protocol to a multi-channel nonlinear waveguide network and measured a 99.28±0.31%fidelity between classical and quantum characterization.This technique enables fast and precise evaluation of nonlinear quantum photonic networks,a crucial step towards complex,largescale,device production. | Francesco Lenzini Alexander N Poddubny James Titchener Paul Fisher Andreas Boes Sachin Kasture Ben Haylock Matteo Villa Arnan Mitchell Alexander S Solntsev Andrey A Sukhorukov Mirko Lobino | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 2 |
| 7 | 大功率离子推力器和流动控制单元验证现状及其2000小时寿命试验(英文)显示文摘为了发展基于电推进的大功率空间运输系统,需要开发和验证功率达数十千瓦的电推进系统,深空任务电推进系统优化的比冲要求高达105s。凯尔迪什研究中心(KeRC)正在开发这样的电推进部件。本文概述了35kW离子推力器IT-500及其流动单元FCU-500的验证现状。作为其验证的一部分,完成了IT-500和FCU-500的2000h寿命试验。其中,离子推力器大部分验证条件是:输入功率17.8kW,使用了40kg氙,2018h寿命试验。本文介绍了磁场和离子光学以及石墨格栅开发现状。 | Alexander S Lovtsov Michael Y Selivanov Andrey N Kostin Andrey A Shagayda | 2020 | 推进技术2020，41，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Label-retaining liver cancer cells are relatively resistant to sorafenib显示文摘 | Hong-Wu Xin Chenwi M Ambe Danielle M Hari Gordon W Wiegand Tyler C Miller Jin-Qiu Chen Andrew J Anderson Satyajit Ray John E Mullinax Tomotake Koizumi Russell C Langan Douglas Burka Michelle A Herrmann Paul K Goldsmith Alexander Stojadinovic Udo Rudloff S | 2013 | Gut2013，，12： | 2 |
| 9 | Bulbocavernosus muscle area measurement: a novel method to assess androgenic activity显示文摘浆液睾丸激素不与雄激素织物活动相关,并且优化工具在男性评估如此的活动是批评的。bulbocavernosus 肌肉(BCM ) 的超声测量被用来在雄激素受体(AR ) 和 BCM 尺寸估计在 CAG 重复(CAGn ) 的数字之间的关系;在 CAGn 超龄的数字的变化也被评估。BCM 的 Transperineal 超声测量也被执行。AR CAGn 被高效液体层析,和早上荷尔蒙决定层次用免疫分析被决定。48 个人让 CAG 重复分析。25 是 < 30 岁,平均数 23.7 年(s.d = 3.24 ) 并且 23 是 > 45 岁,平均数 53 年(s.d = 5.58 ) 。中部的 CAGn 是 21 (13-29 ) 。当 CAGn 的数字是 < 时, BCM 区域更大; 18 作为与 CAGn > 的数字相比; 24 (P = 0.04 ) 。在 CAGn 和 BCM 区域 R 2= 的数字之间有线性关联 16%(P = 0.01 ) 。在 45 到 65-years-old 组,强壮得多的否定关联(R 2=29% , P = 0.01 ) 被注意。在 19,到 29-years-old 组,,没有如此的关联被发现(R 2=4% , P = 0.36 ) 。在老人, CAGn 的数字与年龄增加了(R 2=32% , P = 0.01 ) 。在 AR 的 CAGn 的数字与 BCM 的区域相关。对 BCM 的超声评价是一个有效代理人评估雄激素的结束器官活动。CAGn 的数字可以与年龄增加。 | Ali A Dabaja Matthew S Wosnitzer Anna Mielnik Alexander Bolyakov Peter N Schlegel Darius A Paduch | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，4： | 2 |
| 10 | 脊髓损伤后残存自主神经功能载录国际标准显示文摘近年来,脊髓损伤神经学分类园际标准(International Stand- ards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, ISNCSCI)被用来记载脊髓损伤后运动和感觉功能的损害,目前该标准已是第六版。1992年第一份国际认可的标准出版时,曾进行了较大的修订,修订内容包括完全性损伤与不完全性损伤的定义, | MS Alexander AB Jackson W Donovan DE Graves SL Elliott A Krassioukov AW Sheel I Estoresl B Green A Gousse NL Braekett D Cardenas M Kennelly A-K Karlason F Biering-Sorensen K Krogh T Linsenmeyer R Marino J Ditunno CJ Mathias I Perkash G Creasey G Schilero J Wecht B Schurch V Dietz J Sonksen S Stiens D Bodner LA Wuermser J-J Wyndaele 周谋望 刘楠 S Charlifue | 2010 | 中华物理医学与康复杂志2010，32，4： | 2 |
| 11 | Molecular epidemiology and evolution of enterovirus 71 strains isolated from 1970 to 1998显示文摘 | Brown B A Oberste M S Alexander J P | 1999 | J Virol1999，73，： | 1 |
| 12 | A Secure Architure:Realization in SwitchWare显示文摘 | Alexander D S Arbaugh W A Keromytis A D | 1998 | IEEE Special Issue on Active and Controllable Networks1998，12，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Universal influenza DNA vaccine encoding conserved CD4+ T cell epitopes protects against lethal viral challenge in HLA-DR transgenic mice显示文摘 | Alexander J Bilsel P del Guercio MF Stewart S MarinkovicPetrovic A Southwood S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Genetically null mice reveal a central role for epidermal growth factor receptor in the differentiation of the hair follicle and normal hair development显示文摘 | Hansen L A Alexander N Hogan M E Sundberg J P Dlugosz A Threadgill D W Magnuson T Yuspa S H | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 15 | Molecular epi-demiology and evolution of enterovirus 71 strains isolated from 1970 to 1998显示文摘 | Brown B A Oberste M S Alexander J P Jr | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | An investigation of particle trajectories in two-phase flow systems显示文摘 | Morsi S A Alexander A J | 1972 | J Fluid Mech1972，55，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Characterization of cortical neuronal and glial alterations during culture of organotypic whole brain slices from neonatal and mature mice显示文摘 | Staal J A Alexander S R Liu Y | 2011 | PLoS One2011，6，22： | 1 |
| 18 | Prior Statin Therapy Is Associated With a Decreased Rate of Severe Sepsis Circulation显示文摘 | Yaniv A Alexander S Victor N | 2004 | 110(7):880-8852004，110，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Molecular epidemiology and evolution of enterovirus 71 strains isolated from 1970 to 1998 显示文摘 | Brown B A Oberste M S Alexander J P | 1999 | J Virol1999，73，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Stability of thermocapillary flows with inclined temperature gradient 显示文摘 | ALEXANDER A N ILYAB S LEONID M B | 2001 | Journal of Fluid Mech2001，442，1： | 1 |
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