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| 1 | Bmi-1:At the crossroads of physiological and pathological biology显示文摘Bmi-1 is a member of the Polycomb repressor complex 1 that mediates gene silencing by regulating chromatin structure and is indispensable for self-renewal of both normal and cancer stem cells.Despite three decades of research that have elucidated the transcriptional regulation,post-translational modifications and functions of Bmi-1 in regulating the DNA damage response,cellular bioenergetics,and pathologies,the entire potential of a protein with such varied functions remains to be realized.This review attempts to synthesize the current knowledge on Bmi-1 with an emphasis on its role in both normal physiology and cancer.Additionally,since cancer stem cells are emerging as a new paradigm for therapy resistance,the role of Bmi-1 in this perspective is also highlighted.The wide spectrum of malignancies that implicate Bmi-1 as a signature for stemness and oncogenesis also make it a suitable candidate for therapy.Nonetheless,new approaches are vitally needed to further characterize physiological roles of Bmi-1 with the long-term goal of using Bmi-1 as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. | Resham Bhattacharya Soumyajit Banerjee Mustafi Mark Street Anindya Dey Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi | 2015 | Genes & Diseases2015，2，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Epidural anesthesia is effective for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of pancreatic and biliary calculi显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of thoracic epidural analgesia for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). METHODS: ESWL is an effective, non-invasive technique for the treatment of difficult pancreatic and large bile duct calculi. The procedure is often painful and requires large doses of analgesics. Many different anesthetic techniques have been used. Patients with either large bile duct calculi or pancreatic duct calculi which could not be extracted by routine endoscopic methods were selected. Thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) was routinely used in all the subjects unless contraindicated. Bupivacaine 0.25% with or without clonidine was used to block the segments D6 to D12. The dose was calculated depending on the age, height and weight of the patient. It was usually 1-2 mL per segment blocked.RESULTS: Ninety eight percent of the 1509 patients underwent ESWL under TEA. The subjects selected were within American Society of Anesthesiologists grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ. ESWL using EA permitted successful elimination of bile duct or pancreatic calculi with minimal morbidity. The procedure time was shorter in patients with TEA than in those who underwent ESWL under total intravenous anesthesia. CONCLUSION: Almost all patients undergoing ESWL with EA had effective blocks with a single catheter insertion and local anesthetic injection. | Santosh Darisetty Manu Tandan Duvvuru Nageshwar Reddy Rama Kotla Rajesh Gupta Mohan Ramchandani Sandeep Lakhtakia Guduru Venkat Rao Rupa Banerjee | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2010，2，5： | 13 |
| 3 | Why do young people with chronic kidney disease die early?显示文摘Cardiovascular disease poses the greatest risk of premature death seen among patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).Up to 50% of mortality risk in the dialysis population is attributable to cardiovascular disease and the largest relative excess mortality is observed in younger patients.In early CKD,occlusive thrombotic coronary disease is common,but those who survive to reach end-stage renal failure requiring dialysis are more prone to sudden death attributable mostly to sudden arrhythmic events and heart failure related to left ventricular hypertrophy,coronary vascular calcification and electrolyte disturbances.In this review,we discuss the basis of the interaction of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease with various pathological processes such as endothelial dysfunction,oxidative stress,low grade chronic inflammation,neurohormonal changes and vascular calcification and stiffness which account for the structural and functional cardiac changes that predispose to excess morbidity and mortality in young people with CKD. | Shankar Kumar Richard Bogle Debasish Banerjee | 2014 | World Journal of Nephrology2014，3，4： | 11 |
| 4 | A review on palaeogeographic implications and temporal variation in glaucony composition显示文摘This study presents a review on palaeogeographic implications and temporal variations of glaucony coveringboth modern and ancient records.Phanerozoic glaucony preferably forms in a shelf depositional setting.Deep marine conditions and low seawater temperature discourage formation of glaucony.Around 75%of glaucony is recorded from the Cretaceous to the Holocene sediments,which are related to the abundance of the most common substrates,faecal pellets and bioclasts.TFe_2O_3(total),Al_2O_3,K_2O and MgO contents of glaucony vary appreciably through geological time.While TFe_2O_3 content of most Mesozoic and Cenozoic glaucony exceeds 20%,it is always less than 20%in Precambrian varieties.High K_2O,Al_2O_3,MgO and low TFe_2O_3 distinguish the Precambrian glaucony from its Phanerozoic counterpart.Precambrian glaucony,preferably formed within a K-feldspar substrate,is always rich in potassium irrespective of its degree of evolution,while high K-content in Phanerozoic evolved glaucony indicates significant stratigraphic condensation.K_2O us.TFe_2O_3 relationship of glaucony exhibits three different evolutionary trends corresponding to three common modes of origin.Depositional conditions may influence the composition of glaucony as slightly reducing conditions favour Fe enrichment,whereas oxidising conditions cause Fe depletion in glaucony. | Santanu Banerjee Udita Bansal Anup Vilas Thorat | 2016 | Journal of Palaeogeography2016，5，1： | 10 |
| 5 | Efficacy of low dose peginterferon alpha-2b with ribavirin on chronic hepatitis C显示文摘AIM: To assess the effi cacy of peginterferon alpha 2b at doses of 50 μg weekly and 80 μg weekly (based on body weight) plus ribavirin in HCV genotype 2 and genotype 3 chronic hepatitis C patients. METHODS: During the study period of Jan 2002 to Dec 2003, all patients diagnosed as chronic hepatitis C or HCV related compensated cirrhosis were treated with peginterferon alpha 2b 50 μg S/C weekly (body weight < 60 kg) or 80 μg S/C weekly (body weight > 60 kg) plus ribavirin 800 mg/d for 24 wk. RESULTS: Overall 28 patients, 14 patients in each group (based on body weight) were treated during the period. Out of 28 patients, 75% were genotype 3, 18% were genotype 2 and 7% were genotype 1. The mean dose of peginterferon alpha 2b was 0.91 μg/kg in group 1 and 1.23 μg/kg in group 2 respectively. The end of treatment and sustained virologic response rates were 82% and 78% respectively. Serious adverse effects were seen in 3.5% patients. CONCLUSION: Low dose peginterferon alpha 2b in combination with ribavirin for 24 wk is effective in HCV genotype 2 and 3 chronic hepatitis C patients. | Rajesh Gupta CH Ramakrishna Sandeep Lakhtakia Manu Tandan Rupa Banerjee D Nageshwar Reddy | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 10 |
| 6 | A blockchain future for internet of things security: a position paper显示文摘 | Mandrita Banerjee Junghee Lee Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo | 2018 | Digital Communications and Networks2018，4，3： | 10 |
| 7 | Significant increase in HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis infections among blood donors in West Bengal, Eastern India 2004-2005: Exploratory screening reveals high frequency of occult HBV infection显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors in Kolkata, Eastern India for two consecutive years and to conduct a pilot study to explore the presence of HBV DNA among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative but anti-HBc positive blood donors. METHODS: Seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV was studied among 113 051 and 106 695 voluntary blood donors screened in 2004 and 2005, respectively. Moreover, a pilot study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors was carried out for evaluating the presence of HBV DNA by PCR on HBsAg negative/anti- HBc positive donors. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the prevalence of HBV (1448 vs 1768, P < 0.001), HIV (262 vs 374, P < 0.001), HCV (314 vs 372, P = 0.003) and syphilis (772 vs 853, P = 0.001) infections was noted among blood donors of Kolkata West Bengal in 2005 as compared to 2004. Moreover, the exploratory study on 1027 HBsAg negative donors revealed that 188 (18.3%)of them were anti-HBc positive out of which 21% were positive for HBV DNA. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study underscore the significantly increasing endemicity of hepatitis viruses, syphilis and HIV among the voluntary blood donors of our community. The pilot study indicates a high rate of prevalence of HBV DNA among HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive donors and thus emphasizes the need for a more sensitive and stringent screening algorithm for blood donations. | Prasun Bhattacharya Partha Kumar Chandra Sibnarayan Datta Arup Banerjee Subhashish Chakraborty Krishnan Rajendran Subir Kumar Basu Sujit Kumar Bhattacharya Runu Chakravarty | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 9 |
| 8 | Applications of phototheranostic nanoagents in photodynamic therapy显示文摘Nanotherapeutics 在象癌症那样的疾病的治疗有一个增加的角色。在光力学的治疗(太平洋夏季时间) ,治疗学地不活跃的 photosensitizer 混合物被光有选择地激活生产能够杀死 diseased 房间和病原体的分子。一个 phototheranostic 代理人能为指向的交货,光成像和疾病的光力学的治疗与能力被定义为单个 nanoentity。恶意的房间,纸巾和微生物引起的 etiologic 代理人能被太平洋夏季时间有效地指向。光力学的治疗是 noninvasive,或最低限度地侵略,并且当健康织物的损坏被最小化,杀死的效果是局部性的,有很少副作用。癌症,粉刺和另外的疾病的各种各样的形式可以被对待。在里面 photosensitizers 的 vivo 功效被把他们纳入能够指向 diseased 地点的 nanostructures 进一步改进。如此的 photosensitizer-functionalized nanostructures,或 nanotherapeutics,为改进 phototheranostic 性能允许成像和治疗学的代理人的地点特定的交货。这评论在诊断和治疗探索 phototheranostic nanostructures 的潜在的应用。 | Jayeeta Bhaumik Amit Kumar Mittal Avik Banedee Yusuf Chisti Uttam Chand Banerjee | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，5： | 8 |
| 9 | Changes in organic structure and mineral phases transformation of coal during heat treatment on laboratory scale显示文摘 | Vivek Mishra Mamta Sharma Sanchita Chakravarty Amit Banerjee | 2016 | International Journal of Coal Science & Technology2016，3，4： | 8 |
| 10 | Curcumin reverses T cell-mediated adaptive immune dysfunctions in tumor-bearing hosts显示文摘Immune dysfunction is well documented during tumor progression and likely contributes to tumor immune evasion.CD81 cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs)are involved in antigen-specific tumor destruction and CD41 T cells are essential for helping this CD81 T cell-dependent tumor eradication.Tumors often target and inhibit T-cell function to escape from immune surveillance.This dysfunction includes loss of effector and memory T cells,bias towards type 2 cytokines and expansion of T regulatory(Treg)cells.Curcumin has previously been shown to have antitumor activity and some research has addressed the immunoprotective potential of this plant-derived polyphenol in tumor-bearing hosts.Here we examined the role of curcumin in the prevention of tumor-induced dysfunction of T cell-based immune responses.We observed severe loss of both effector and memory T-cell populations,downregulation of type 1 and upregulation of type 2 immune responses and decreased proliferation of effector T cells in the presence of tumors.Curcumin,in turn,prevented this loss of T cells,expanded central memory T cell(TCM)/effector memory T cell(TEM)populations,reversed the type 2 immune bias and attenuated the tumor-induced inhibition of T-cell proliferation in tumor-bearing hosts.Further investigation revealed that tumor burden upregulated Treg cell populations and stimulated the production of the immunosuppressive cytokines transforming growth factor(TGF)-b and IL-10 in these cells.Curcumin,however,inhibited the suppressive activity of Treg cells by downregulating the production of TGF-b and IL-10 in these cells.More importantly,curcumin treatment enhanced the ability of effector T cells to kill cancer cells.Overall,our observations suggest that the unique properties of curcumin may be exploited for successful attenuation of tumor-induced suppression of cell-mediated immune responses. | Sankar Bhattacharyya Dewan Md Sakib Hossain Suchismita Mohanty Gouri Sankar Sen Sreya Chattopadhyay Shuvomoy Banerjee Juni Chakraborty Kaushik Das Diptendra Sarkar Tanya Das Gaurisankar Sa | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，4： | 7 |
| 11 | Cellular arsenic transport pathways in mammals显示文摘Natural contamination of drinking water with arsenic results in the exposure of millions of people world-wide to unacceptable levels of this metalloid. This is a serious global health problem because arsenic is a Group 1(proven) human carcinogen and chronic exposure is known to cause skin, lung, and bladder tumors. Furthermore, arsenic exposure can result in a myriad of other adverse health effects including diseases of the cardiovascular,respiratory, neurological, reproductive, and endocrine systems. In addition to chronic environmental exposure to arsenic, arsenic trioxide is approved for the clinical treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia, and is in clinical trials for other hematological malignancies as well as solid tumors. Considerable inter-individual variability in susceptibility to arsenic-induced disease and toxicity exists, and the reasons for such differences are incompletely understood. Transport pathways that influence the cellular uptake and export of arsenic contribute to regulating its cellular, tissue, and ultimately body levels. In the current review, membrane proteins(including phosphate transporters, aquaglyceroporin channels, solute carrier proteins, and ATP-binding cassette transporters) shown experimentally to contribute to the passage of inorganic, methylated, and/or glutathionylated arsenic species across cellular membranes are discussed. Furthermore, what is known about arsenic transporters in organs involved in absorption, distribution, and metabolism and how transport pathways contribute to arsenic elimination are described. | Barbara A.Roggenbeck Mayukh Banerjee Elaine M.Leslie | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，11： | 7 |
| 12 | Atrial fibrillation: the current epidemic显示文摘 | Carlos A Morillo Amitava Banerjee Pablo Perel David Wood Xavier Jouven | 2017 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2017，14，3： | 7 |
| 13 | Does a staged treatment of high energy tibial plateau fractures affect functional results and bony union?A case series显示文摘Purpose:Tibial plateau fracture(TPF)is a devastating injury as it shatters lower articular surface of the largest joint.Apart from bony injury,TPF can lead to great soft tissue envelope compromise which affects the treatment plan and outcome.In the present study,clinical results were assessed in cases of high energy TPFs treated in staged manner.Methods:Twenty-three(20 males and 3 females)patients of high energy communited TPFs(Schatzker typeⅤandⅥ)were consecutively treated.1 All the patient had compromise of overlying skin conditions.They were all successively scheduled for staged treatment plan which comprised of application of bridging knee external fixator on the first day of admission and definitive internal fixation after skin and soft tissue overlying the fracture were healed.Schatzker typeⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣwere excluded from the study.Primary survey was done and patient who had head injury,chest and abdominal injury,pelvic injury and contralateral limb injury and open fractures were excluded from the study.The patients were also evaluated in terms of wound complications,axial and rotary alignment of limb,fixation failure,articular congruity and range of motion of the knees and post injury employment.Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.Results:Maximum follow-up period was 13 months.All the fractures were united at final follow-up.Clinical evaluation was done with the Tegner Lysholm knee scoring scale.2 Excellent results were found in 78%cases and good and fair results in 22%cases.There was significant correlation between range of motion and the Tegner Lysholm knee score(p<0.001,Pearson correlation coefficient=0.741).The correlation between the score and the radiographical union duration was significant(p=0.006,Pearson correlation coefficient=-0.554).Conclusion:A staged treatment plan allows healing of soft tissue envelope,with avoidance of dreadful complications such as compartment syndrome and chronic infection.In addition,a staged treatment strategy does not hamper the fracture reduction,bony union and the functional results. | Nilesh Barwar Abhay Elhence Sumit Banerjee Nitesh gahlot | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2020，23，4： | 7 |
| 14 | Combined functional and anatomical diagnostic endpoints for assessing arteriovenous fistula dysfunction显示文摘Failure of arteriovenous fistulas(AVF) to mature and thrombosis in matured fistulas have been the major causes of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Stenosis, which occurs due to adverse remodeling in AVFs, is one of the major underlying factors under both scenarios. Early diagnosis of a stenosis in an AVF can provide an opportunity to intervene in a timelymanner for either assisting the maturation process or avoiding the thrombosis. The goal of surveillance strategies was to supplement the clinical evaluation(i.e., physical examination) of the AVF for better and earlier diagnosis of a developing stenosis. Surveillance strategies were mainly based on measurement of functional hemodynamic endpoints, including blood flow(Q a) to the vascular access and venous access pressure(VAP). As the changes in arterial pressure(MAP) affects the level of VAP, the ratio of VAP to MAP(VAPR = VAP/MAP) was used for diagnosis. A Q a < 400-500 m L/min or a VAPR > 0.55 is considered sign of significant stenosis, which requires immediate intervention. However, due to the complex nature of AVFs, the surveillance strategies have failed to consistently detect stenosis under different scenarios. VAPR has been primarily developed to detect outflow stenosis in arteriovenous grafts, and it hasn't been successful in accurate diagnosis of outflow lesions in AVFs. Similarly, AVFs can maintain relatively high blood flow despite the presence of a significant outflow stenosis and thus, Q a has been found to be a better predictor of only inflow lesions. Similar shortcomings have been reported in the detection of functional severity of coronary stenosis using diagnostic endpoints that were based on either flow or pressure. This limitation has been associated with the fact that both pressure and flow change in the presence of a stenosis and thus, hemodynamic diagnostic endpoints that employ only one of these parameters are inherently prone to inaccuracies. Recent attempts have resulted in development of new diagnostic endpoints that can combine the effects of pressure and flow. These new hemodynamic diagnostic endpoints have shown to be better predictors of functional severity of lesions as compared to either flow or pressure based counterparts. In this review article, we discussed the advantages and limitations of current functional and anatomical diagnostic endpoints in AVFs. | Ehsan Rajabi-Jaghargh Rupak K Banerjee | 2015 | World Journal of Nephrology2015，4，1： | 6 |
| 15 | Preparation of reduced sensitivity co-crystals of cyclic nitramines using spray flash evaporation显示文摘The present day weapon technology demands novel energetic materials that exhibit simultaneous high explosive yield and reduced sensitivity.This article demonstrates application of spray evaporation to prepare reduced sensitive co-crystals of high performance nitramine explosives like HMX and CL-20 with a relatively less insensitive explosive 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene or FOX-7.Stronger intermolecurar hydrogen bonding in FOX-7 is responsible for limited solubility in nost of o rganic solvents.Large solubility differences of FOX-7 with HMX and CL-20 restricts ifs co-crystallization through classical methods that yields thermodynamically favorable product.Spray flash evaporation,a kinetic crystallization method,has been therefore adopted and could successfully produce CL-20/FOX-7(2:1) and HMX/FQX-7(4:1) co-crystals.The fine powdered materials obtained were characterized by SEM,powder XRD,Raman spectro scopy,DSC-TGA etc.Multipoint Raman spectra showed consistent occurrence of spectral features indicating stoichiometric co-existence of ingredients in the crystal lattices.DSC analysis showed absence of all thermally assisted solidsolid phase transformation in the co-crystals as they were observed in pristine materials.The thermal stability calculated in terms of activation barrier fordecomposition,revealed the CL-20/FOX-7 co-crystal to be interlediately stable on comparison to their constituents while,the HMX/FOX-7 co-crystal is more stable.Compared to pure HMX and CL-20,both the co-crystals have shown higher insensitivity to impact force,suggesting them to be suitable for future generation insensitive munitions. | Mrinal Ghosh AKSikder Shaibal Banerjee MBTalawar NSikder | 2020 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2020，16，1： | 6 |
| 16 | The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes显示文摘 | Steppan CM Bailey ST Bhat S Brown EJ Banerjee RR Wright CM Patel HR Ahima RS Lazar MA | | 0，，： | 6 |
| 17 | Effect of junction temperature on the large-signal properties of a 94 GHz silicon based double-drift region impact avalanche transit time device显示文摘The authors have developed a large-signal simulation technique extending an in-house small-signal simulation code for analyzing a 94 GHz double-drift region impact avalanche transit time device based on silicon with a non-sinusoidal voltage excitation and studied the effect of junction temperature between 300 and 550 K on the large-signal characteristics of the device for both continuous wave(CW) and pulsed modes of operation.Results show that the large-signal RF power output of the device in both CW and pulsed modes increases with the increase of voltage modulation factor up to 60%,but decreases sharply with further increase of voltage modulation factor for a particular junction temperature;while the same parameter increases with the increase of junction temperature for a particular voltage modulation factor.Heat sinks made of copper and type-IIA diamond are designed to carry out the steady-state and transient thermal analysis of the device operating in CW and pulsed modes respectively. Authors have adopted Olson’s method to carry out the transient analysis of the device,which clearly establishes the superiority of type-IIA diamond over copper as the heat sink material of the device from the standpoint of the undesirable effect of frequency chirping due to thermal transients in the pulsed mode. | Aritra Acharyya Suranjana Banerjee J.P.Banerjee | 2013 | Journal of Semiconductors2013，34，2： | 6 |
| 18 | Regulation of microRNA by hepatitis B virus infection and their possible association with control of innate immunity显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV)chronically infects more than350 million people worldwide.HBV causes acute and chronic hepatitis,and is one of the major causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.There exist complex interactions between HBV and the immune system including adaptive and innate immunity.Tolllike receptors(TLRs)and TLR-signaling pathways are important parts of the innate immune response in HBV infections.It is well known that TLR-ligands could suppress HBV replication and that TLRs play important roles in anti-viral defense.Previous immunological studies demonstrated that HBV e antigen(HBeAg)is more efficient at eliciting T-cell tolerance,including production of specific cytokines IL-2 and interferon gamma,than HBV core antigen.HBeAg downregulates cytokine production in hepatocytes by the inhibition of MAPK or NF-κB activation through the interaction with receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are also able to regulate various biological processes such as the innate immune response.When the expressions of approximately 1000 miRNAs were compared between human hepatoma cells HepG2 and HepG2.2.15,which could produce HBV virion that infects chimpanzees,using real-time RT-PCR,we observed several different expression levels in miRNAs related to TLRs.Although we and others have shown that HBV modulates the host immune response,several of the miRNAs seem to be involved in the TLR signaling pathways.The possibility that alteration of these miRNAs during HBV infection might play a critical role in innate immunity against HBV infection should be considered.This article is intended to comprehensively review the association between HBV and innate immunity,and to discuss the role of miRNAs in the innate immune response to HBV infection. | Xia Jiang Tatsuo Kanda Shuang Wu Masato Nakamura Tatsuo Miyamura Shingo Nakamoto Arup Banerjee Osamu Yokosuka | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，23： | 6 |
| 19 | Comparative study of polyhydroxyalkanoates production from acidified and anaerobically treated brewery wastewater using enriched mixed microbial culture显示文摘The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA) from wastewaters using microbial mixed cultures(MMC) has been attracting increased interest because of PHA's biodegradability characteristics. Production of PHA by an MMC enriched with PHA-accumulating bacteria was compared using anaerobically treated and acidified brewery wastewaters under various feeding strategies, namely pulse and batch feed addition. To obtain an enriched MMC, a sequencing batch reactor was inoculated with activated sludge fed with acetate and subjected to aerobic dynamic feeding. The enriched MMC was able to accumulate PHA up to 72.6% of cell dry weight(CDW) with pulse addition of acetate controlled by the dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in the reactor. In a batch accumulation experiment with acetate,the PHA content achieved(28.5% CDW) was less than that of the pulse feeding strategy with the same amount of acetate(~2000 mg C/L). Using anaerobically treated and acidified brewery wastewater fed in pulses, the maximum PHA accumulated by the enriched MMC was similar for both wastewaters(45% CDW), in spite of the higher volatile fatty acid concentration in acidified brewery wastewater. The pulse feed addition controlled by the DO concentration was difficult to implement for wastewater as compared to acetate because the difference in DO concentration between substrate availability and depletion was low. For the batch addition of acidified wastewater, a slightly lower PHA content(39%CDW) was obtained. These results show that both brewery wastewaters can be utilized for PHA production with a similar maximum PHA storage capacity. | Pravesh Tamang Rintu Banerjee Stephan K?ster Regina Nogueira | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，4： | 5 |
| 20 | Pharmacogenetic studies update in type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is a silent progressive polygenic metabolic disorder resulting from ineffective insulin cascading in the body. World-wide, about 415 million people are suffering from T2DM with a projected rise to 642 million in 2040. T2DM is treated with several classes of oral antidiabetic drugs(OADs) viz. biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, etc. Treatment strategies for T2DM are to minimize long-term micro and macro vascular complications by achieving an optimized glycemic control. Genetic variations in the human genome not only disclose the risk of T2DM development but also predict the personalized response to drug therapy. Inter-individual variability in response to OADs is due to polymorphisms in genes encoding drug receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes for example, genetic variants in solute carrier transporters(SLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC47A1 and SLC47A2) are actively involved in glycemic/HbA1c management of metformin. In addition, CYP gene encoding Cytochrome P450 enzymes also play a crucial role with respect to metabolism of drugs. Pharmacogenetic studies provide insights on the relationship between individual genetic variants and variable therapeutic outcomes of various OADs. Clinical utility of pharmacogenetic study is to predict the therapeutic dose of various OADs on individual basis. Pharmacogenetics therefore, is a step towards personalized medicine which will greatly improve the efficacy of diabetes treatment. | Shalini Singh Kauser Usman Monisha Banerjee | 2016 | World Journal of Diabetes2016，7，15： | 5 |
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