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| 1 | Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes显示文摘This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health professionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to bring breakthroughs seen for other cancer sites. | Andrew McGuigan Paul Kelly Richard C Turkington Claire Jones Helen G Coleman R Stephen McCain | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，43： | 140 |
| 2 | 阿尔泰—阿尔金地学断面地壳结构显示文摘根据阿尔泰—阿尔金地学断面的地震纵、横波资料 ,建立了地壳速度及泊松比结构 .测区的地壳具有明显的三分结构特征 ,其纵波速度自上而下依次为 6 .0~ 6 .3km s、6 .3~ 6 .6km s及 6 .9~ 7.0km s ;阿尔泰南缘的地壳最厚 ,为 5 6km ,准噶尔盆地的地壳最薄 ,为 4 6km ,大部分地区的地壳厚度为 5 0km左右 .准噶尔盆地与天山之间上地幔顶部的纵波速度为 7.7~ 7.8km s ;阿尔泰南缘及塔里木盆地上地幔顶部的纵波速度较高 ,为 7.9~ 8.0km s.测线南部 ,包括东天山及塔里木东缘 ,自地表至 30km深处的地壳纵波速度低 ,泊松比为 0 .2 5 ,表明上地壳主要为石英及花岗质成分 ;而测线北部 (包括阿尔泰及准噶尔盆地 )的中、上地壳则呈现较高的泊松比 (0 .2 6~ 0 .2 7) ,可能为基性地壳的体现 .厚 15~ 30km的下地壳纵波速度 (6 .9~ 7.0km s)较高 ,泊松比为 0 .2 6~ 0 .2 8,可能以镁铁质的麻粒岩成分为主 .位于天山及其南侧地壳中部的低速层 (VP=5 .9km s,σ=0 .2 5 )则可能为晚古生代的构造热事件中的花岗质侵入岩 . | 王有学 韩果花 姜枚 袁学诚 Walter D Mooney Robert G Coleman | 2004 | 地球物理学报2004，47，2： | 32 |
| 3 | Achalasia: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology,treatment and outcomes显示文摘Achalasia is a neurodegenerative motility disorder of the oesophagus resulting in deranged oesophageal peristalsis and loss of lower oesophageal sphincter function.Historically,annual achalasia incidence rates were believed to be low,approximately 0.5-1.2 per 100000.More recent reports suggest that annual incidence rates have risen to 1.6 per 100000 in some populations.The aetiology of achalasia is still unclear but is likely to be multi-factorial.Suggested causes include environmental or viral exposures resulting in inflammation of the oesophageal myenteric plexus,which elicits an autoimmune response.Risk of achalasia may be elevated in a sub-group of genetically susceptible people.Improvement in the diagnosis of achalasia,through the introduction of high resolution manometry with pressure topography plotting,has resulted in the development of a novel classification system for achalasia.This classification system can evaluate patient prognosis and predict responsiveness to treatment.There is currently much debate over whether pneumatic dilatation is a superior method compared to the Heller’s myotomy procedure in the treatment of achalasia.A recent com-parative study found equal efficacy,suggesting that patient preference and local expertise should guide the choice.Although achalasia is a relatively rare condition,it carries a risk of complications,including aspiration pneumonia and oesophageal cancer.The risk of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is believed to be significantly increased in patients with achalasia,however the absolute excess risk is small.Therefore,it is currently unknown whether a surveillance programme in achalasia patients would be effective or cost-effective. | Orla M O'Neill Brian T Johnston Helen G Coleman | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，35： | 26 |
| 4 | Current practices and future prospects for the management of gallbladder polyps: A topical review显示文摘A gallbladder polyp is an elevation of the gallbladder mucosa that protrudes into the gallbladder lumen. Gallbladder polyps have an estimated prevalence in adults of between 0.3%-12.3%. However, only 5% of polyps are considered to be 'true' gallbladder polyps, meaning that they are malignant or have malignant potential. The main radiological modality used for diagnosing and surveilling gallbladder polyps is transabdominal ultrasonography. However, evidence shows that other modalities such as endoscopic ultrasound may improve diagnostic accuracy. These are discussed in turn during the course of this review. Current guidelines recommend cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps sized 10 mm and greater, although this threshold is lowered when other risk factors are identified. The evidence behind this practice is relatively low quality. This review identifies current gaps in the available evidence and highlights the necessity for further research to enable better decision making regarding which patients should undergo cholecystectomy, and/or radiological follow-up. | R Stephen McCain Anna Diamond Claire Jones Helen G Coleman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 25 |
| 5 | Screening Helicobacter pylori genes induced during infection of mouse stomachs显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of in vivo environment on gene expression in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) as it relates to its survival in the host.METHODS:In vivo expression technology(IVET) systems are used to identify microbial virulence genes.We modified the IVET-transcriptional fusion vector,pIVET8,which uses antibiotic resistance as the basis for selection of candidate genes in host tissues to develop two unique IVET-promoter-screening vectors,pIVET11 and pIVET12.Our novel IVET systems were developed by the fusion of random Sau3A DNA fragments of H.pylori and a tandem-reporter system of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-galactosidase.Additionally,each vector contains a kanamycin resistance gene.We used a mouse macrophage cell line,RAW 264.7 and mice,as selective media to identify specific genes that H.pylori expresses in vivo.Gene expression studies were conducted by infecting RAW 264.7 cells with H.pylori.This was followed by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) analysis to determine the relative expression levels of in vivo induced genes.RESULTS:In this study,we have identified 31 in vivo induced(ivi) genes in the initial screens.These 31 genes belong to several functional gene families,including several well-known virulence factors that are expressed by the bacterium in infected mouse stomachs.Virulence factors,vacA and cagA,were found in this screen and are known to play important roles in H.pylori infection,colonization and pathogenesis.Their detection validates the efficacy of these screening systems.Some of the identified ivi genes have already been implicated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of H.pylori and other bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae.Transcription profiles of allivi genes were confirmed by real time PCR analysis of H.pylori RNA isolated from H.pylori infected RAW 264.7 macrophages.We compared the expression profile of H.pylori and RAW 264.7 coculture with that of H.pylori only.Some genes such as cag A,vac A,lpx C,mur I,tlp C,trx B,sod B,tnp B,pgi,rbf A and inf B showed a 2-20 fold upregulation.Statistically significant upregulation was obtained for all the above mentioned genes(P < 0.05).tlp C,cag A,vac A,sod B,rbf A,inf B,tnp B,lpx C and mur I were also significantly upregulated(P < 0.01).These data suggest a strong correlation between results obtained in vitro in the macrophage cell line and in the intact animal.CONCLUSION:The positive identification of these genes demonstrates that our IVET systems are powerful tools for studying H.pylori gene expression in the host environment. | Aparna Singh Nathaniel Hodgson Ming Yan Jungsoo Joo Lei Gu Hong Sang Emmalena Gregory-Bryson William G Wood Yisheng Ni Kimberly Smith Sharon H Jackson William G Coleman | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 5 |
| 6 | Otolith-fish size relationship in juvenile gag (Mycteroperca microlepis ) of the eastern Gulf of Mexico : a comparison of growth rates between laboratory and field populations 显示文摘 | Strelcheck A J Fitzhugh G R Coleman F C | 2003 | Fish Res2003，60，： | 1 |
| 7 | Hyaluronic acid fillers显示文摘 | COLEMAN K M | 2006 | Dermatologic Therapy2006，19，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Further assess- ment of a three-component model of occupational commitment: generalize ability and differences across occupations显示文摘 | IRVING P G COLEMAN D F COOPER C L | 1997 | J Ap- plied Psychol1997，82，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Image Segmentation by clustering显示文摘 | Coleman G Andrews H C | 1979 | Proceedings of the IEEE1979，67，5： | 1 |
| 10 | In vitroshoot regeneration of Populus deltoides: effect of cytokinin and genotype显示文摘 | Coleman G D Ernst S G | 1989 | Plant Cell Rep1989，8，： | 1 |
| 11 | Muscle recovery after immobilisation by external fixation显示文摘 | Zarzhevsky N Coleman R Volpin G | 1999 | J Bone Joint Surg Br1999，81，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Can nitrogen budgets explain differences in soil nitrogen mineralization rates of forest stands along an elevation gradient 显示文摘 | BONITO G M COLEMAN D C HAINES B L | 2003 | Forest Ecology and Management2003，176，： | 1 |
| 13 | Using grounded theory to understand software process improvement: A study of Irish software product companies显示文摘 | Coleman G Cormor RO | 2007 | Inf Soft Technol2007，49，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Effects of bone-tar-geted agents on cancer progression and mortality显示文摘 | Coleman R Gnant M Morgan G | 2012 | J Natl Cancer Inst2012，104，： | 1 |
| 15 | Journal of NuclearMaterials显示文摘 | McRae G A Coleman C E Leitch B W | 2010 | 396: 1302010，396，： | 1 |
| 16 | Wallerian degeneration : an e- merging axon death pathway linking injury and disease 显示文摘 | Laura C Jonathan G Coleman MP | 2014 | Nature Reviews Neuroscience2014，15，： | 1 |
| 17 | Oceanic plagiogranite显示文摘 | Peterman Z E | 1975 | Journal of Geophysical Research1975，80，： | 1 |
| 18 | Toxicity studies with ethyl mahol显示文摘 | Stebbins R B Coleman G L | 1969 | Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology1969，15，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Sequential determination of chlorine and carbon isotopic composition in single microliter samples of chlorinated solvent 显示文摘 | Jendrzejewski N Eggenkamp H G M Coleman M L | 1997 | Analytical Chemistry1997，69，20： | 1 |
| 20 | Continental growth of northwestern China 显示文摘 | Coleman R G | 1989 | Tectonics1989，8，： | 1 |
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