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| 1 | Down-Regulation of CD44 Contributes to the Differentiation of HL-60 Cells Induced by ATRA or HMBA显示文摘CD44 is highly expressed in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Some experiments had shown that it was possible to reverse differentiation blockage in AML cells by CD44 ligation with specific antibodies, indicating that CD44 was closely related to the differentiation of leukemia cells. The differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 cells could be induced by all trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA), but so far the mechanism was not demonstrated clearly. In the present study, we investigated whether ATRA or HMBA induced the growth arrest of HL-60 cells by down-regulating the expression of CD44. The results indicated that the proliferation of HL-60 cells was obviously inhibited and the differentiation was induced by both ATRA and HMBA. The decreased expression of CD44 and cyclin E mRNA, and the increased expression of p27 and p21 at mRNA levels were observed. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between the expression of CD44 and p27. It was concluded that ATRA and HMBA played a role in the differentiation induction of HL-60 cells, which was mediated by the down-regulation of CD44, accompanied by down-regulation of cyclin E, and up-regulation of p27 and p21 mRNA. | Jianing Liu1, Gaofeng Bi1, Pei’e Wen1, Weihua Yang1, Xia Ren1, Tianhua Tang1, Chao Xie1, Wei Dong1 and Guosheng Jiang1, 21Department of Hemato-oncology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province Key Medical Laboratory for Tumor Immunology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250062, China | 2007 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2007，4，1： | 12 |
| 2 | Cyclosporine A, FK-506, 40-0-[2-hydroxyethyl]rapamycin and mycophenolate mofetil inhibit proliferation of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in vitro显示文摘瞄准:调查 cyclosporine 的效果 A (CsA )(MMF ) , FK-506,和 mycophenolate mofetil 和 40-0-[2-hydroxyethyl ] 人的肝内的增长上的 rapamycin (RAD ) 胆汁的上皮细胞(BEC ) 在试管内。方法:BEC 与免疫从六个人的肝织物标本被孤立磁性的分离方法并且与 CsA, FK-506, RAD,和 MMF 在试管内的不同集中对待。房间的增长被 MTT 试金分别地在 24 和 48 h 术后疗法测量。变化的单程的分析被用来分析结果。在 BEC 的 CK 19 的表示被流动血细胞计数和西方的污点监视。结果:BEC 的六根线被建立。他们为 4-18 wk 在试管内幸存。流动血细胞计数分析证明这些房间总是表示了 CK19。CsA, FK-506, RAD,和 MMF 以一种剂量依赖者方式禁止了 BEC 的增长。禁止 BEC (P<0.05 ) 的增长的 CsA, FK-506, RAD,和 MMF 的最低集中分别地是 500, 100, 0.25,和 100 mug/L。然而,由 BEC 的 CK19 的表示没被改变。结论:CsA, FK-506, RAD,和 MMF 在人的肝内 BEC 在试管内上有 antiproliferative 效果,当 RAD 有最强壮的生长禁止的效果时。他们在 transplant 病人的肝新生和胆汁管损害上的可能的效果应该进一步被调查。 | Chao Liu Thomas Schreiter Andrea Frilling Uta Dahmen Christoph E Broelsch Guido Gerken Ulrich Treichel | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，48： | 7 |
| 3 | A comparative analysis of optimization and generalization properties of two-layer neural network and random feature models under gradient descent dynamics显示文摘A fairly comprehensive analysis is presented for the gradient descent dynamics for training two-layer neural network models in the situation when the parameters in both layers are updated.General initialization schemes as well as general regimes for the network width and training data size are considered.In the overparametrized regime,it is shown that gradient descent dynamics can achieve zero training loss exponentially fast regardless of the quality of the labels.In addition,it is proved that throughout the training process the functions represented by the neural network model are uniformly close to those of a kernel method.For general values of the network width and training data size,sharp estimates of the generalization error are established for target functions in the appropriate reproducing kernel Hilbert space. | Weinan E Chao Ma Lei Wu | 2020 | Science China Mathematics2020，63，7： | 4 |
| 4 | Statistical survey on the magnetic field in magnetotail current sheets: Cluster observations显示文摘The distribution properties of the magnetic field in magnetotail current sheets have been explored statistically with the magnetic measurement data of the Cluster mission from June to November of the years 2001–2005.It is found that,on average,the strength of the magnetic field and its Bz component in the current sheet are weaker in the region close to midnight but stronger near the dawnside and duskside flanks,which implies that,in general,a thinner current sheet occurs near midnight and thicker ones near both flanks.The occurrence of tail current sheet flapping is higher on both flanks than in the midnight region,although it is most frequent in the dawn flank.Current sheets with a negative Bz component or a strong By component have a higher probability of occurring at magnetic local times of 21:00–01:00,indicating that magnetic activity,e.g.magnetic reconnection and current disruption occur more frequently there.Statistically,the probability distributions of the By component and the tilt angle of magnetic field lines in the current sheet are approximately normal distributions,and the occurrence probability of the flattened current sheet is about one third that of the normal current sheet.The magnetic field and Bz component in the current sheet mainly vary from 1 nT to 10 nT.The By component in the tail central current sheet is on average twice the IMF By at 1 AU. | RONG ZhaoJin SHEN Chao LUCEK E BALOGH A YAO Li | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，23： | 3 |
| 5 | Thermodynamic behaviors of Cu in interaction with chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and minerals during sewage sludge co-incineration显示文摘Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to reveal effects of interactions among Cl, S, P and other minerals on Cu migration. Our results showed that HCl(g), SO2(g) and(P_2O_5)_2(g) were released from the sewage sludge co-incineration. Cl was found to weaken adsorption of Cu by Al_2O_3, CaO and Fe_2O_3, while S delayed reactions of Fe_2O_3 and Al_2O_3 with Cu, with P having no effect on reactions between the minerals and Cu.Among the coupled systems of Cl, S and P, the co-existences of Cl and S, and Cl, S and P were determined to inhibit Cu volatilization, and the co-existence of Cl and P had an enhancing effect. Cu migration was affected only by S in the S and P system. With the SiO_2, CaO and Al_2O_3 system, both Cl alone and Cl and P led to failed reactions between the minerals and Cu. In the systems of S, S and Cl, S and P, and S, Cl and P, the migration behavior of Cu was mainly affected by S at low temperatures and by Cl at high temperatures, whereas P had no effect on Cu migration during the entire process. | Jingyong Liu Chao Liu Guang Sun Wuming Xie Xiao'e Dang Jiahong Kuo Kenlin Chang Jian Sun Shuiyu Sun Musa Buyukada Fatih Evrendilek | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2018，26，5： | 3 |
| 6 | Machine learning from a continuous viewpoint,I显示文摘We present a continuous formulation of machine learning,as a problem in the calculus of variations and differential-integral equations,in the spirit of classical numerical analysis.We demonstrate that conventional machine learning models and algorithms,such as the random feature model,the two-layer neural network model and the residual neural network model,can all be recovered(in a scaled form)as particular discretizations of different continuous formulations.We also present examples of new models,such as the flow-based random feature model,and new algorithms,such as the smoothed particle method and spectral method,that arise naturally from this continuous formulation.We discuss how the issues of generalization error and implicit regularization can be studied under this framework. | Weinan E Chao Ma Lei Wu | 2020 | Science China Mathematics2020，63，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Experimental study by online measurement of the precipitation of nickel hydroxide: Effects of operating conditions显示文摘The objective of this work is using the online measurement method to study the process of precipitation of nickel hydroxide in a single-feed semi-batch stirred reactor with an internal diameter of D = 240 mm. The effects of impeller speed, impeller type, impeller diameter and feed location on the mean particle size d43 and particle size distribution(PSD) were investigated. d43 and PSD were measured online using a Malvern Insitec Liquid Process Sizer every 20 s. It was found that d43 varied between 13 μm and 26 μm under different operating conditions,and it decreased with increasing impeller diameter. When feeding at the off-bottom distance of D/2 under lower impeller speeds, d43 was significantly smaller than that at D/3. PSDs were slightly influenced by operating conditions. | Weiwei E Jingcai Cheng Chao Yang Zaisha Mao | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2015，23，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Effect of graft source on unrelated donor haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in adults with acute leukaemia: a retrospective analysis显示文摘 | Mary Eapen Vanderson Rocha Guillermo Sanz Andromachi Scaradavou Mei-Jie Zhang William Arcese Anne Sirvent Richard E Champlin Nelson Chao Adrian P Gee Luis Isola Mary J Laughlin David I Marks Samir Nabhan Annalisa Ruggeri Robert Soiffer Mary M Horowitz Eli | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，7： | 2 |
| 9 | Shock effects in certain rock-forming minerals 显示文摘 | Chao E C T | 1967 | Science1967，156，： | 1 |
| 10 | On chromatic equivalence of graphs 显示文摘 | Chao C Y Whitehead E G | 1978 | Theory and Applications of Graphs Lecture Notes in Math1978，642，： | 1 |
| 11 | A new heuristic for the multi-depot vehicle routing problem that improves upon best-known solutions显示文摘 | Chao M I Golden B L Wasil E A | 1993 | Am J Math Mgmt Sci1993，13，： | 1 |
| 12 | Partial privation, foreign competition, and optimum tariff 显示文摘 | Chao C Yu E | 2006 | Review of International Economics2006，14，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Knowing when to grow:signals regulating bud dormancy显示文摘 | HORVATH D P ANDERSON J V CHAO W S FOLEY M E | 2003 | Trends in Plant Science2003，8，： | 1 |
| 14 | Distribution of Elements in Coal and Minerals: Determination by Electron Microprobe显示文摘 | Minkin J A Chao E C T Thompson C T | 1979 | Fuel Chem Prepr1979，21，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Achilles tendon insertion:an in vitro anatomic study 显示文摘 | Chao W Deland J T Bates J E | 1997 | Foot Ankle Int1997，18，2： | 1 |
| 16 | 1,4-Diphenyl-5-ami- nol, 2,3-triazole and 4-phenyl-5-anilino-I, 2,3-tria- zole显示文摘 | LIEBER E CHAO T S RAO C | 1957 | Org Synth1957，37，： | 1 |
| 17 | Microcharacterization of arsenic-and selenium-bearing pyrite in Upper Freeport coal, Indiana County, Pennsylvania显示文摘 | Minkin J A Finkelman R B Thompson C L Chao E C T Ruppert L F Blank H Cecil C B | 1984 | Scanning Electron Microscopy1984，4，： | 1 |
| 18 | The open section effect in a long bone with a longitudinal defect a theoretical mod- eling study 显示文摘 | Elias J J Frassica F J Chao E Y | 2000 | J Biomech2000，33，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Genome-wide comparative diversity uncovers multiple targets of selection for improvement in hexaploid wheat landraces and cultivars 显示文摘 | Cavanagh CS Chao S Wang BE Huang BE Stephen S Kiani S Forrest K Saintenac C Brown-Guedira GL Akhunova A See D Bai G Pumphrey M Tomar L Wong D Kong S Reynolds M da Silva ML Bockelman H Talbert L Anderson JA Dreisigacker S Baenziger S Carter A Korzun V Morrell PL Dubcovsky J Morell MK Sorrells ME Hayden MJ Akhunov E | 2013 | PNAS2013，110，： | 1 |
| 20 | Concurrent round-robin-based dispatching schemes for Clos-network switches 显示文摘 | E Oki Z Jing R Rojas-Cessa H J Chao | 2002 | IEEE/ACM Trans on Networking2002，10，6： | 1 |
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