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| 1 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 2 | 高羊茅干草部分替代玉米和紫花苜蓿青贮饲料对奶牛消化、泌乳性能的影响显示文摘试验旨在研究高羊茅干草替代玉米或紫花苜蓿青贮对奶牛中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率、泌乳性能的影响。选取初产哺乳荷斯坦奶牛(产奶75±35 d)24头,经产荷斯坦奶牛(产奶68±19 d)40头,随机分成4组,共设置32个进料闸门,记录采食量。每组8个进料阀门,以1头牛为1个试验单位,每头牛试验过程中可接触8个进料闸门。试验用高羊茅干草(TF)取代玉米青贮饲料(CS)或紫花苜蓿青贮饲料(AS),试验设计为:33%AS和67%CS(空白组)、60%TF和40%AS(试验1组)、60%TF和40%CS(试验2组)、33%TF和67%CS(试验3组)。试验进行7周,前2周进行预饲。试验结果表明,各组间牛奶产量无显著差异,平均值为40.4 kg·d^(-1)。各组间牛奶中脂肪含量和浓度、蛋白质含量和浓度均无显著差异,平均值为1.58 kg·d^(-1)和3.94%、1.28 kg·d^(-1)和3.15%。与试验1组(22.1 kg·d^(-1))、试验3组(22.7 kg·d^(-1))相比,空白组的干物质摄入量最高,为24.5kg·d^(-1)。各组间总的干物质消化率无显著差异,平均值为66.2%。与试验2组(44.4%)、试验3组(45.3%)相比,空白组的NDF消化率较低,为37.8%,与试验1组(42.4%)相近。各组间奶牛体内NDF消化率(42.3%)与预估的NDF消化率(42.6%)相近。试验结果表明,饲喂高羊茅干草可提高饲料中NDF消化率,部分替代玉米和紫花苜蓿时对产奶量无显著影响,在市场价格较低时,可作为经济实用的奶牛饲料。 | Bender R W Lopes F Cook D E Combs D K | 2016 | 饲料博览2016，0，8： | 2 |
| 3 | Multiplex real-time reverse transcription PCR assay for determination of hepatitis C virus genotypes显示文摘 | Cook L Sullivan K Krantz E M | 2006 | J Clin Microbiol2006，44，： | 1 |
| 4 | The smoothing sp line: a new app roach to standardizing forest interior tree-ring width series for dendroelimatie studies显示文摘 | Cook E R K Peters | 1981 | Tree-Ring Bull1981，41，： | 1 |
| 5 | A reflectance model for computer graphics 显示文摘 | COOK R L TORRANCE K E | 1981 | Computer Graphics1981，15，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Second-Generation RISC Floating Point with Multiply-Add Fused显示文摘 | E Hokenek R K Montoye P W Cook | 1990 | IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits1990，25，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Asian monsoon failure and megadrought during the last millennium显示文摘 | Cook E R Anchukaitis K J Buckley B M | 2010 | Science2010，328，5977： | 1 |
| 8 | Developmenf and validation of a simple questionnaire to facilitate identification of women likely to have low bone density 显示文摘 | Lydick E Cook K Turpin J | 1998 | Am J Manag Care1998，4，： | 1 |
| 9 | Techniques that help readers build mental models from scientific text, definitions pretraining and signaling显示文摘 | Mayer R E Cook L k HatPain D R | 1984 | Joumal of Educational Psychology1984，76，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Asian monsoon failure and megadrought during the last millennium 显示文摘 | Cook E R Anchukaitis K J Buckley B M | | Science0，328，5977： | 1 |
| 11 | The effect of Cu, Zn and Pb on the chlorophyll content of the lichens Cladonia convoluta and Cladonia rangiformis 显示文摘 | Chettri M K Cook C M Vardaka E | 1998 | Environ- mental and Experimental Botany1998，39，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of chronic inhibition of GABA synthesis on attention and impulse control显示文摘 | PAINE T A COOKE E K LOWES D C | 2015 | Pharmacol Biochem Behav2015，135，： | 1 |
| 13 | Development and validation of a simple questionnaire to facilitate identification of women likely to have low bone density显示文摘 | Lydick E Cook K Turpin J | 1998 | Am J Manag Care1998，1，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Development and valida- tion of a simple questionnaire to facilitate identification of women likely to have low bone density 显示文摘 | Lydick E Cook K Turpin J | 1998 | Am J Manag Care1998，4，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Dopamine transporter gene variation modulates activation of striatum in youth with ADHD显示文摘 | Bedard A C Schulz K P Cook E H | 2010 | Neuroimage2010，53，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Fatty acid compositions of gonadal material and diets of the sea urchin,Psammechinu smilliaris:trophic and nutritional implications显示文摘 | COOK E J BELL M V BLACK K D | 2000 | Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology2000，255，： | 1 |
| 17 | Xenon purity analysis for exo-200 via mass spectrometry 显示文摘 | Dobi A Hall C Slutsky S Yen Y R Aharmin B Auger M Barbeau P S Benitez-Medina C Breidenbach M Cleveland B Conley R Cook J Cook S Counts I Craddock W Daniels T Davis C G Davis J Devoe R Dixit M Dolinski M J Donato K Fairbank Jr W Farine J Fierlinger P Franco D Giroux G Gornea R Graham K Gratta G Green C Hagemann C Hall K Hallman D Hargrove C Herrin S Hughes M Hodgson J Juget F Karelin A Kaufman L J Kuchenkov A Kumar K Leonard D S Lutter G Mackay D Maclellan R Marino M Mong B Montero Diez M Morgan P MUller A R Neilson R Odian A Oullivan K Piepke A Pocar A Prescott C Y Pushkin K Rivas A Rollin E Rowson P C Sabourov A Sinclair D Skarpaas K Stekhanov V Strickland V Swift M Twelker K Vuilleumier J L Vuilleumier J M Weber M Wichoski U Wodin J Wright J D Yang L | 2012 | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment2012，675，： | 1 |
| 18 | Further evidence for a possible role of conformation in the immunogenicity and antigenicity of the oxidative DNA lesion, 8-oxxo-2'-deoxyguanosine显示文摘 | Cooke M S Herbert K E and Butler P C | 1998 | Free Radical Research1998，28，： | 1 |
| 19 | Galactosylated polyethylenimine-graft-poly (vinylpyrrolidone) as a hepatocyte-targetinggene carrier 显示文摘 | COOK S E PARK I K KIM E M | 2005 | J Control Release2005，105，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Cytomegalovirus quantitation by real-time PCR is unaffected by delayed separation of plasma from whole blood 显示文摘 | Nesbitl S E Cook L Jeronle K R | 2004 | J Clin Microbiol2004，42，3： | 1 |
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