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| 1 | Immunohistochemical expression of intrarenal renin angiotensin system components in response to tempol in rats fed a high salt diet显示文摘AIM To determine the effect of tempol in normal rats fed high salt on arterial pressure and the balance between antagonist components of the renal renin-angiotensin system.METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with 8% Na Cl highsalt(HS) or 0.4% Na Cl(normal-salt,NS) diet for 3 wk,with or without tempol(T)(1 mmol/L,administered in drinking water). Mean arterial pressure(MAP),glomerularfiltration rate(GFR),and urinary sodium excretion(UVNa) were measured. We evaluated angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),angiotensin 1-7(Ang 1-7),angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2),mas receptor(Mas R),angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1R) and angiotensin type 2 receptor(AT2R) in renal tissues by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS The intake of high sodium produced a slight but significant increase in MAP and differentially regulated components of the renal renin-angiotensin system(RAS). This included an increase in Ang Ⅱ and AT1 R,and decrease in ACE-2 staining intensity using immunohistochemistry. Antioxidant supplementation with tempol increased natriuresis and GFR,prevented changes in blood pressure and reversed the imbalance of renal RAS components. This includes a decrease in Ang Ⅱ and AT1 R,as increase in AT2,ACE2,Ang(1-7) and Mas R staining intensity using immunohistochemistry. In addition,the natriuretic effects of tempol were observed in NS-T group,which showed an increased staining intensity of AT2,ACE2,Ang(1-7) and Mas R.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a high salt diet leads to changes in the homeostasis and balance between opposing components of the renal RAS in hypertension to favour an increase in Ang Ⅱ. Chronic antioxidant supplementation can modulate the balance between the natriuretic and antinatriuretic components of the renal RAS. | Gabriel Cao Silvana Lorena Della Penna Nicolas Martín Kouyoumdzian Marcelo Roberto Choi Susana Gorzalczany Belisario Enrique Fernández Jorge Eduardo Toblli María Inés Roson | 2017 | World Journal of Nephrology2017，6，1： | 4 |
| 2 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——全科医生对酒精依赖的诊断:欧洲六国大型横断面研究显示文摘目的在欧洲,酒精依赖带来高死亡率和患病率,但治疗率却较低。通过筛查、简单干预、治疗、转诊,初级保健在减少酒精损害方面可以起到关键作用。本研究对欧洲初级保健机构酒精依赖的诊断情况进行调查。方法在欧洲六国搜集13 003份全科医生评估报告和9 098份患者访谈报告(其中8 476份为患者访谈与医生评估结合报告)。通过全科医生诊断和单独采用复合性国际诊断访谈(CIDI)及其他结构式访谈,对酒精依赖、并发症、卫生服务利用进行评估。以加权回归分析法,对两种诊断方法进行比较。结果通过CIDI识别的酒精依赖患者和全科医生诊断出的酒精依赖患者比例没有差异,但是重叠的患者数量并不多。医生诊断出的酒精依赖患者年龄更大,并发症(肝病、高血压)发生率更高,在社交方面更加边缘化。然而,两组评估的平均酒精摄入量和精神并发症发生率没有差异。结论全科医生能够诊断出酒精依赖,但是与CIDI的识别结果有差别。由于CIDI可能会遗漏患有严重并发症的年长酒精依赖患者,应重新检验CIDI作为参考标准的效果。 | Rehm J Allamani A Della Vedova R 本刊编辑部 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，10： | 2 |
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