|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘A complex mucosal barrier protects as the first line of defense the surface of the healthy intestinal tract from adhesion and invasion by luminal microorganisms.In this review,we provide an overview about the major components of this protective system as for example an intact epithelium,the synthesis of various antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)and the formation of the mucus layer.We highlight the crucial importance of their correct functioning for the maintenance of a proper intestinal function and the prevention of dysbiosis and disease.Barrier disturbances including a defective production of AMPs,alterations in thickness or composition of the intestinal mucus layer,alterations of pattern-recognition receptors,defects in the process of autophagy as well as unresolved endoplasmic reticulum stress result in an inadequate host protection and are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. | Lena Antoni Sabine Nuding Jan Wehkamp Eduard F Stange | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 33 |
| 2 | Extraintestinal manifestations and complications in inflammatory bowel diseases显示文摘Crohn 的疾病(CD ) 和 ulcerative (UC ) 是经常包含胃肠道的除那些以外的机关的长期的煽动性的肠疾病(IBD ) 。这些非肠的爱被称为额外的肠的症状。把煽动性的肠疾病的真额外的肠的表明区分开来与第二等的额外的肠的复杂并发症,由治疗的营养不良,慢性炎或副作用引起了,可能困难。这评论在煽动性的肠疾病专注于频率,临床的演讲和额外的肠的症状的治疗学的含意。如果可能,肠的表明被区分开来与额外的肠的复杂并发症。特殊注意被给参与的更最近描述的地点;即中枢神经系统的 thromboembolic 事件,骨质疏松症,肺的参与和爱。 | Katja S Rothfuss Eduard F Stange Klaus R Herrlinger | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，30： | 26 |
| 3 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 4 | Erectile dysfunction after transurethral prostatectomy for lower urinary tract symptoms:results from a center with over 500 patients显示文摘瞄准:为良性的职业人员静电干扰增生(BPH ) 在前列腺(TURP ) 的经尿道切除术以后为可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 识别可能的风险因素。方法:在 1999 年 3 月和 2004 年 3 月之间, 629 个病人为征兆的 BPH 的治疗在我们的部门经历了 TURP。所有病人经历了 transrectal 超声检查。另外,流动率,尿残余,国际前列腺症状分数(IPSS ) 和生命(QOL ) 的质量为没有一根导管,介绍了的那些被记录。最后,病人的可勃起的功能根据可勃起的功能仪器(IIEF-5 ) 问询表的国际索引被评估。在哪儿有不到 21 的一个全部的分数,被决定编辑存在。流动率, IPSS 和 QOL 评价在 3 和 6 个月被执行处理以后。IIEF-5 评价在 6 月的后续被重复。逻辑回归分析被用来鉴别潜力为编辑结果冒因素的风险:在基线, 522 (83%) 病人们回答了 IIEF-5 问询表。吝啬的耐心的年龄是(63.7+/-9.7 ) 年。编辑率是 65% 。在 6 个月以后,(88%) 459 从 522 个病人归还了 IIEF 问询表。这个组的其余部分从统计分析被排除。在 TURP 以后的六个月,报导编辑的病人的率增加了到 77% 。统计分析表明在 TURP 以后与最新报导的编辑联系的唯一的重要因素是糖尿病(P = 0.003, r = 3.67 ) 并且观察 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔(P = 0.02, r = 1.12 ) 。结论:在 TURP 以后的手术后的、最新报导的编辑的发生是 12% 。为它的出现的风险因素是糖尿病和 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔。 | Vassilis Poulakis Nikolaos Ferakis Ulrich Witzsch Rachelle de Vries Eduard Becht | 2006 | Asian Journal of Andrology2006，8，1： | 21 |
| 5 | From intestinal stem cells to inflammatory bowel diseases显示文摘The pathogenesis of both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is still complex and under investigation. The importance of the microbial flora in developing IBD is beyond debate. In the last few years, the focus has changed from adaptive towards innate immunity. Crohn's ileitis is associated with a deficiency of the antimicrobial shield, as shown by a reduced expression and secretion of the Paneth cell defensin HD5 and HD6, which is related to a Paneth cell differentiation defect mediated by a diminished expression of the Wnt transcription factor TCF4. In UC, the protective mucus layer, acting as a physical and chemical barrier between the gut epithelium and the luminal microbes, is thin- ner and in part denuded as compared to controls. This could be caused by a missing induction of the goblet cell differentiation factors Hath1 and KLF4 leading to immature goblet cells. This defective Paneth and goblet cell differentiation in Crohn's ileitis and UC may enablethe luminal microbes to invade the mucosa and trigger the inflammation. The exact molecular mechanisms behind ileal CD and also UC must be further clarified, but these observations could give rise to new therapeutic strategies based on a stimulation of the protective innate immune system. | Michael Gersemann Eduard Friedrich Stange Jan Wehkamp | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，27： | 19 |
| 6 | Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir in treatment-na?ve patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection显示文摘AIM To assess daclatasvir plus asunaprevir(d UAL) in treatment-na?ve patients from China's Mainland, Russia and South Korea with hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 1 b infection. METHODS Patients were randomly assigned(3:1) to receive 24 wk of treatment with d UAL(daclatasvir 60 mg once daily and asunaprevir 100 mg twice daily) beginning on day 1 of the treatment period(immediate treatment arm) or following 12 wk of matching placebo(placebodeferred treatment arm). The primary endpoint was a comparison of sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12(SVR12) compared with the historical SVR rate for peg-interferon plus ribavirin(70%) among patients in the immediate treatment arm. The first 12 wk of the study were blinded. Safety was assessed in d UAL-treated patients compared with placebo patients during the first 12 wk(doubleblind phase), and during 24 wk of d UAL in both arms combined.RESULTS In total, 207 patients were randomly assigned to immediate(n = 155) or placebo-deferred(n = 52) treatment. Most patients were Asian(86%), female(59%) and aged < 65 years(90%). Among them, 13% had cirrhosis, 32% had IL28 B non-CC genotypes and 53% had baseline HCV RNA levels of ≥ 6 million IU/m L. Among patients in the immediate treatment arm, SVR12 was achieved by 92%(95% confidence interval: 87.2-96.0), which was significantly higher than the historical comparator rate(70%). SVR12 was largely unaffected by cirrhosis(89%), age ≥ 65 years(92%), male sex(90%), baseline HCV RNA ≥ 6 million(89%) or IL28 B non-CC genotypes(96%), although SVR12 was higher among patients without(96%) than among those with(53%) baseline NS5 A resistanceassociated polymorphisms(at L31 or Y93 H). during the double-blind phase, aminotransferase elevations were more common among placebo recipients than among patients receiving d UAL. during 24 wk of d UAL therapy(combined arms), the most common adverse events(≥ 10%) were elevated alanine aminotransferase and upper respiratory tract infection; emergent grade 3-4 laboratory abnormalities were infrequently observed, and all grade 3-4 aminotransferase abnormalities(alanine aminotransferase, n = 9; aspartate transaminase, n = 6) reversed within 8-11 d. Two patients discontinued d UAL treatment; one due to aminotransferase elevations, nausea, and jaundice and the other due to a fatal adverse event unrelated to treatment. There were no treatment-related deaths.CONCLUSION d UAL was well-tolerated during this phase 3 study, and SVR12 with d UAL treatment(92%) exceeded thehistorical SVR rate for peg-interferon plus ribavirin of 70%. | Lai Wei Fu-Sheng Wang Ming-Xiang Zhang Ji-Dong Jia Alexey A Yakovlev Wen Xie Eduard Burnevich Jun-Qi Niu Yong Jin Jung Xiang-Jun Jiang Min Xu Xin-Yue Chen Qing Xie Jun Li Jin-Lin Hou Hong Tang Xiao-guang Dou Yash Gandhi Wen-Hua Hu Fiona McPhee Stephanie Noviello Michelle Treitel Ling Mo Jun Deng | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，12： | 17 |
| 7 | 在革新与现代主义之间:夏昌世与德国(英文)显示文摘夏昌世,中国第一代建筑师,1920年代在德国卡尔斯鲁厄留学。1932年,他在图宾根完成了博士论文之后重返祖国。1940年代后期,他在广州成为教授,1973年与妻子一同重返德国,并在那里生活直至1996年逝世。他的设计方法不仅受到那个时代欧洲现代主义运动氛围的熏陶,还来自他对中国传统景观与建筑艺术历史的研究。他是引领岭南区域形成岭南学派建筑的主导力量之一。同时,作为一建筑学教授,他在广州培养了新一代青年建筑师。 | Eduard Kgel 杨力研 | 2010 | 南方建筑2010，，2： | 15 |
| 8 | Impact of environmental and dietary factors on the course of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Besides their possible effects on the development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),some environmental factors can modulate the clinical course of both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD).This review is mainly devoted to describing the current knowledge of the impact of some of these factors on the outcome of IBD,with special emphasis on smoking and diet.Although the impact of smoking on the susceptibility to develop CD and UC is firmly established,its influence on the clinical course of both diseases is still debatable.In CD,active smoking is a risk factor for postoperative recurrence.Beyond this clinical setting,smoking cessation seems to be advantageous in those CD patients who were smokers at disease diagnosis,while smoking resumption may be of benefit in ex-smokers with resistant UC.The role of dietary habits on the development of IBD is far from being well established.Also,food intolerances are very frequent,but usually inconsistent among IBD patients,and therefore no general dietary recommendations can be made in these patients.In general,IBD patients should eat a diet as varied as possible.Regarding the possible therapeutic role of some dietary components in IBD,lessons should be drawn from the investigation of the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in CD.Low-fat diets seem to be particularly useful.Also,some lipid sources,such as olive oil,medium-chain triglycerides,and perhaps omega-3 fatty acids,might have a therapeutic effect.Fermentable fiber may have a role in preventing relapses in inactive UC. | Eduard Cabré Eugeni Domènech | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，29： | 15 |
| 9 | Rock-magnetic investigation of Siberia loess and its implication显示文摘Multiple-rock magnetic investigations conducted on the loess-paleosol sequences at Kurtak in Southwestern Siberia reveal that the mass-normalized low-field magnetic susceptibility profiles reflect changes in lithology between relatively unweathered primary loess of glacial periods and the interglacial paleosols. Maxima in susceptibility values correspond with the least-weathered loess horizons, and minima with the humic horizons of soils. Frequency-dependent susceptibility of the loess-paleosol sequences at Kurtak is very low and practically uniform, indicating the dominance of non-SP ferrimagnetic minerals and negligible pedogenesis. The history of temperature-dependence of susceptibility (IDS) and stepwise acquisition of the isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) have confirmed that magnetite is predominant magnetic mineral, and only few maghemite and probably hematite are present within the studied section. Anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility (AMS) can be used to monitor tilt and | Kazansky Alexey Matasova Galina Zykina Valentina Petrovsky Eduard Jordanova Neli | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，23： | 12 |
| 10 | Disturbance of hepatic and intestinal microcirculation in experimental liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To analyze hepatic, mesenteric and mucosal microcirculation and leukocyte-endothelium interaction (LEI) in a rat model with liver cirrhosis.METHODS: Hepatic cirrhosis was induced in Wistar rats by gavage with carbon tetrachloride, and intravital videomicroscopy was performed in liver, mesentery and small intestine mucosa. Special emphasis is given on microcirculatory and morphometric changes during cirrhotic portal hypertension.RESULTS: LEI was influenced significantly in the cirrhotic liver but not in the gut. Blood flow measurement showed significant differences among liver, main mesenteric vessels and the mucosa. The results of our study indicate that liver cirrhosis leads to alterations in hepatic and mesenteric blood flow but not in mucosal blood flow.CONCLUSION: The enhanced inflammatory response in hepatic microvessels may be caused by a decrease of antithrombin Ⅲ levels and could be responsible for disturbances of organ pathology. | Sasa-Marcel Maksan Eduard Ryschich Zilfi (U|¨)lger Martha Maria Gebhard Jan Schmidt | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，6： | 11 |
| 11 | Frailty is independently associated with increased hospitalisation days in patients on the liver transplant waitlist显示文摘AIM To investigate the impact of physical frailty on risk of hospitalisation in cirrhotic patients on the liver transplant waitlist.METHODS Cirrhotics listed for liver transplantation at a single centre underwent frailty assessments using the Fried Frailty Index, consisting of grip strength, gait speed, exhaustion, weight loss, and physical activity. Clinical and biochemical data including MELD score as collected at the time of assessment. The primary outcome was number of hospitalised days per year; secondary outcomes included incidence of infection. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed using negative binomial regression to associate baseline parameters including frailty with clinical outcomes and estimated incidence rate ratios(IRR). RESULTS Of 587 cirrhotics, 64% were male, median age(interquartile range) was 60(53-64) years and MELD score was 15(12-18). Median Fried Frailty Index was 2(1-3); 31.6% were classified as frail(fried frailty ≥ 3). During 12 mo of follow-up, 43% required at least 1hospitalisation; 38% of which involved major infection.107/184(58%) frail and 142/399(36%) non-frail patients were hospitalised at least once(P < 0.001). In univariable analysis, Fried Frailty Index was associated with total hospitalisation days per year(IRR = 1.51,95%CI: 1.28-1.77; P ≤ 0.001), which remained significant on multivariable analysis after adjustment for MELD, albumin, and gender(IRR for frailty of 1.21,95%CI: 1.02-1.44; P = 0.03). Incidence of infection was not influenced by frailty.CONCLUSION In cirrhotics on the liver transplant waitlist, physical frailty is a significant predictor of hospitalisation and total hospitalised days per year, independent of liver disease severity. | Marie Sinclair Eduard Poltavskiy Jennifer L Dodge Jennifer C Lai | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，5： | 11 |
| 12 | The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn’s disease: Definitions and diagnosis显示文摘 | Gert Van Assche Axel Dignass Julian Panes Laurent Beaugerie John Karagiannis Mathieu Allez Thomas Ochsenkühn Tim Orchard Gerhard Rogler Edouard Louis Limas Kupcinskas Gerassimos Mantzaris Simon Travis Eduard Stange | 2009 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2009，，1： | 10 |
| 13 | Defining the advantages and exposing the limitations of endoscopic variceal ligation in controlling acute bleeding and achieving complete variceal eradication显示文摘BACKGROUND Bleeding esophageal varices(BEV)is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension with mortality rates as high as 25%within six weeks of the index variceal bleed.After control of the initial bleeding episode patients should enter a long-term surveillance program with endoscopic intervention combined with non-selectiveβ-blockers to prevent further bleeding and eradicate EV.AIM To assess the efficacy of endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)in controlling acute variceal bleeding,preventing variceal recurrence and rebleeding and achieving complete eradication of esophageal varices(EV)in patients who present with BEV.METHODS A prospectively documented single-center database was used to retrospectively identify all patients with BEV who were treated with EVL between 2000 and 2018.Control of acute bleeding,variceal recurrence,rebleeding,eradication and survival were analyzed using Baveno assessment criteria.RESULTS One hundred and forty patients(100 men,40 women;mean age 50 years;range,21-84 years;Child-Pugh grade A=32;B=48;C=60)underwent 160 emergency and 298 elective EVL interventions during a total of 928 endoscopy sessions.One hundred and fourteen(81%)of the 140 patients had variceal bleeding that was effectively controlled during the index banding procedure and never bled again from EV,while 26(19%)patients had complicated and refractory variceal bleeding.EVL controlled the acute sentinel variceal bleed during the first endoscopic intervention in 134 of 140 patients(95.7%).Six patients required balloon tamponade for control and 4 other patients rebled in hospital.Overall 5-d endoscopic failure to control variceal bleeding was 7.1%(n=10)and four patients required a salvage transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.Index admission mortality was 14.2%(n=20).EV were completely eradicated in 50 of 111 patients(45%)who survived>3 mo of whom 31 recurred and 3 rebled.Sixteen(13.3%)of 120 surviving patients subsequently had 21 EV rebleeding episodes and 10 patients bled from other sources after discharge from hospital.Overall rebleeding from all sources after 2 years was 21.7%(n=26).Sixty-nine(49.3%)of the 140 patients died,mainly due to liver failure(n=46)during follow-up.Cumulative survival for the 140 patients was 71.4%at 1 year,65%at 3 years,60%at 5 years and 52.1%at 10 years.CONCLUSION EVL was highly effective in controlling the sentinel variceal bleed with an overall 5-day failure to control bleeding of 7.1%.Although repeated EVL achieved complete variceal eradication in less than half of patients with BEV,of whom 62%recurred,there was a significant reduction in subsequent rebleeding. | Jake Krige Eduard Jonas Urda Kotze Christo Kloppers Karan Gandhi Hisham Allam Marc Bernon Sean Burmeister Mashiko Setshedi | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，10： | 10 |
| 14 | 辽诱系列玉米单倍体诱导系的选育显示文摘采用多个测验种逐代跟踪测定诱导率的方法,利用俄罗斯引进的单倍体诱导系资源,经过5年7代选育出辽诱系列玉米单倍体诱导系辽诱1号、辽诱2号、辽诱3号和辽诱4号。对22个品种的诱导效果试验表明,辽诱1号、辽诱2号、辽诱3号和辽诱4号的综合诱导率分别为6.85%、7.53%、6.66%和6.03%,比对照高诱五号分别高出0.6倍、0.8倍、0.6倍和0.4倍。诱导基因检测结果表明,辽诱系列诱导系具有诱导率高、花粉量大、抗病、抗倒、易繁殖等优良特性,且存在和高诱五号共同的诱导基因GRMZM2G471240,是开展玉米单倍体育种的理想诱导系。 | 刘欣芳 马骏 齐欣 弓雪 孟庆国 Eduard Khatefov Suprunov Anatoly 赵念力 白添 姜敏 王延波 | 2020 | 玉米科学2020，28，1： | 9 |
| 15 | 单绒毛膜双羊膜囊性双胎妊娠的合并症及处理方式(Ⅱ)显示文摘综述目的与双绒双胎妊娠相比,单绒双胎妊娠有非常高的胎儿丢失率、围产期死亡率和发病率。这是因为双胎间无法预料的血管交通吻合及单个胎盘的不均衡分配。最新发现尽管某些特定的血流动力学因素和激素可能参与双胎输血综合征(TTTS)的病理生理过程,但通常认为TTTS的病理生理过程是以血管构建为基础的。关于减少羊水、胎儿镜下激光凝固术和造口术的大规模随机试验仍无结果。随着胎儿镜激光治疗所需的硬件和仪器进一步完善,单绒双胎在妊娠早期出现严重的生长不协调问题已得到解决。已提出几个TTTS的发病机制,但对于其发生过程仍知之甚少。而且脐动脉多普勒波形对双胎妊娠并无和单胎妊娠同样的预测价值。对双胎间的血管吻合进行预防性激光阻塞可以预防单胎胎死宫内这类不良事件的发生。但这一预防措施至今对改善妊娠结局并无任何益处。最后本文讨论了关于单绒双胎妊娠生长不协调和染色体异常的病理生理学机制及处理。通过针孔导入的激光和单极凝固术可以用来在妊娠早期进行选择性减胎或改善血流动力学情况。妊娠晚期或血流动力学正常时,双极凝固术似乎更有效。总结近几年来,对单绒双胎妊娠合并症的理解已进一步深入。希望这些进步可以指导这类高危妊娠进行更好的检测,最终改善妊娠结局。 | Liesbeth Lewi Dominique Van Schoubroeck Eduard Gratacós Ingrid Witters Dirk Timmerman Jan Deprest 赵德鹏 刘丹 樊佳丽 | 2010 | 中国产前诊断杂志(电子版)2010，，2： | 8 |
| 16 | 实时经支气管超声引导针吸活检在肺癌分期中的应用显示文摘线性经支气管超声引导针吸活检(endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration,EBUS-TBNA)是新引进的技术,它是实时超声下可视淋巴结的针吸活检。尽管有研究显示,其为肺癌纵隔分期的有效方法,但全世界多数机构并未应用该技术。本报道旨在分享我们应用EBUS-TBNA的经验,并对相关文献做一简要概述。我们对有关该技术的已有文献进行综述,并特别介绍了我们应用该技术方面的经验。EBUS-TBNA用以探查肺癌患者的转移性纵隔淋巴结和/或肺门淋巴结是有效且安全的。在其它病理状态下,其亦为有效的诊断方法。 | Ignasi GARCIA-OLIVé José SANZ-SANTOS Felipe ANDREO Eduard MONSó 南娟 丁燕 | 2010 | 中国肺癌杂志2010，，5： | 7 |
| 17 | 单绒毛膜双羊膜囊性双胎妊娠合并症及处理方式(Ⅰ)显示文摘综述目的与双绒双胎妊娠相比,单绒双胎妊娠有非常高的胎儿丢失率、围产期死亡率和发病率。这是因为双胎间无法预料的血管交通吻合及单个胎盘的不均衡分配。最新发现尽管某些特定的血流动力学因素和激素可能参与双胎输血综合征(TTTS)的病理生理过程,但通常认为TTTS的病理生理过程是以血管构建为基础的。关于减少羊水、胎儿镜下激光凝固术和造口术的大规模随机试验仍无结果。随着胎儿镜激光治疗所需的硬件和仪器进一步完善,单绒双胎在妊娠早期出现严重的生长不协调问题已得到解决。已提出几个TTTS的发病机制,但对于其发生过程仍知之甚少。而且脐动脉多普勒波形对双胎妊娠并无和单胎妊娠同样的预测价值。对双胎间的血管吻合进行预防性激光阻塞可以预防单胎胎死宫内这类不良事件的发生。但这一预防措施至今对改善妊娠结局并无任何益处。最后本文讨论了关于单绒双胎妊娠生长不协调和染色体异常的病理生理学机制及处理。通过针孔导入的激光和单极凝固术可以用来在妊娠早期进行选择性减胎或改善血流动力学情况。妊娠晚期或血流动力学正常时,双极凝固术似乎更有效。总结近几年来,对单绒双胎妊娠合并症的理解已进一步深入。希望这些进步可以指导这类高危妊娠进行更好的检测,最终改善妊娠结局。 | Liesbeth Lewi Dominique Van Schoubroeck Eduard Gratacós Ingrid Witters Dirk Timmerman Jan Deprest 赵德鹏 刘丹 樊佳丽 | 2010 | 中国产前诊断杂志(电子版)2010，，1： | 7 |
| 18 | Crohn’s disease-Defect in innate defence显示文摘Crohn’s disease may prinicipally involve the whole gastrointestinal tract. Most commonly, the inflammation occurs in the small intestine and/or in the colon with stable disease location over the years. The pathogenesis of both disease phenotypes is complex, the likely primary defect lies in the innate rather than adaptive immunity, particularly in the chemical antimicrobial barrier of the mucosa. Crohn’s ileitis is associated with a reduced expression of the Wnt signalling pathway transcription factor T-cell factor 4 (TCF4), which is regulating Paneth cell differentiation. As a result, the alpha-defensins and principal Paneth cell products HD5 and HD6 are deficiently expressed in ileal disease, independent of current inflammation. In contrast, Crohn’s colitis is typically associated with an impaired induction of the beta-defensins HBD2 and HBD3 caused by fewer gene copy numbers in the gene locus of the beta-defensins on chromosome 8. This ileal and colonic defect in innate defence mediated by a deficiency of the protective alpha- and beta- defensins may enable the luminal microbes to invade the mucosa and trigger the inflammation. A better understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms behind ileal and colonic Crohn’s disease may give rise to new therapeutic strategies based on a stimulation of the protective innate immune system. | Michael Gersemann Jan Wehkamp Klaus Fellermann Eduard Friedrich Stange | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，36： | 7 |
| 19 | Increased apoptosis and decreased density of medial smooth muscle cells in human abdominal aortic aneurysms显示文摘Objective To determine the increase of apoptosis and the decrease of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) density in human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Methods In situ terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was employed to detect apoptosis of SMCs in patients with AAA (n=25) and normal abdominal aortae (n=10). Positive cells were identified by specific cell marker in combination with immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile SMC counting was performed by anti-α-actin immunohistostaining to compare the SMC density. Results TUNEL staining revealed that there was significantly increased apoptosis in AAAs (average 8.6%) compared with normal abdominal aortae (average 0.95%, P <0.01). Double staining showed that most of these cells were SMCs. Counting of α-actin positive SMCs revealed that medial SMC density of AAAs (37.5±7.6 SMCs /HPF) was reduced by 79.1% in comparison with that of normal abdominal aortae (179.2±16.1 SMCs /HPF,P <0.01). Conclusions Significantly increased SMCs of AAA bear apoptotic markers initiating cell death. Elevated apoptosis may result in a decreased density of SMCs in AAA,which may profoundly influence the development of AAA. | 张健 Jan Schmidt Eduard Ryschich Hardy Schumacher Jens R Allenberg | 2003 | Chinese Medical Journal2003，，10： | 6 |
| 20 | 中欧工业锅炉节能减排现状显示文摘介绍了欧州能源使用趋势、节能减排措施和实践,针对中国工业锅炉运行实际,提出相关的节能减排建议措施。 | Eduard Hatton | 2009 | 工业锅炉2009，，6： | 6 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员