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| 1 | Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women显示文摘AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent analyses.RESULTS: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older counterparts.CONCLUSION: Younger patients in Hong Kong are more likely to encounter risk factors associated with breast cancer development and have more aggressive tumours than their older counterparts. | Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Effects of panax notosinseng sapoins on the receptor operated Ca2+ channel显示文摘 | Guan YY Kwan CY He H | 1994 | Act Pharmacol Sin1994，15，5： | 2 |
| 3 | In vitro inhibition of proliferation of HL-60 cells by tetrandrine and coriolus versicolor peptide derived from Chinese medicinal herbs显示文摘 | DONG Y YANG MM KWAN CY | 1997 | Life Sci1997，60，8： | 1 |
| 4 | Dual effects of tetrandrine on cytosolic calcium in human leukaemic HL-60 cells: intracellular calcium release and calcium entry blockade显示文摘 | EUNG YM KWAN CY LOH TT | 1994 | Br J Pharmacol1994，113，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Problem-based learning and teaching of medical pharmacology显示文摘 | Kwan CY | 2002 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol2002，366，： | 1 |
| 6 | Cyclopiazonic acid增加SHR和WKY血管平滑肌细胞Ca^(2+)-依赖性外向K^+-电流显示文摘采用全细胞及细胞贴附式斑片钳技术记录自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和Wistar-Kyoto对照鼠(WKY)培养主动脉平滑肌细胞的Ca^(2+)-依赖性外向K^+电流[I_(k(Ca))],测定肌浆网Ca^(2+)泵抑制剂CPA对其影响.CPA能增加I_K(Ca))单通道开放时间,缩短关闭时间,增加全细胞I_(K(Ca))幅度,这些作用与Ca^(2+)相关并可被K^+通道阻断药glybenclamide阻断。CPA作用在SHR和WKY之间无明显差异。结果提示高血压状态下血管平滑肌的功能改变可能与I_(K(Ca))无关。 | 关永源 John Zhang Lee RMKW Kwan CY Daniel EE | 1993 | 中国药理学通报1993，9，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Effects of tetrandrine and closely related bis-benzylisoquinoline derivatives on cytosolic Ca^2+ in human leukaemic HL-60 cells: a structure-activity relationship study 显示文摘 | LEUNG YM BERDIK M KWAN CY | 1996 | Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol1996，23，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Tetrandrine inhibits Ca^2+ release-activated Ca^2+ channels in vascular endothelial cells显示文摘 | KWAN CY LEUNG YM KWAN TK | 2001 | Life Sci2001，68，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Dichlorodiphenylchloroethylene elevates cytosolic calcium concentrations and oscillations in primary cultures of human granulosa - lutein cells 显示文摘 | Younglai EV Kwan TK Kwan CY Lobb DK Foster WG | 2004 | Biol Reprod2004，70，： | 1 |
| 10 | Problem-based learning:properly balanced learn- ing显示文摘 | Kwan CY | 2002 | Trends in Pharmacol Sci2002，23，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Inhibition of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation by tetrandrine显示文摘 | KWAN CY MA FM HUI SC | 1999 | Life Sci1999，64，25： | 1 |
| 12 | Problem - based learning and teaching of medical pharmacology显示文摘 | Kwan CY | 2002 | Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol2002，366，1： | 1 |
| 13 | A novel in vitro endothelium-dependent vascular relaxant effect of Apocynum venetum leaf extract显示文摘 | Kwan CY Zhang WB Nishibe S | 2005 | Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol2005，32，9： | 1 |
| 14 | PBL-associated stress in the first-year unit-1 medical students at McMaster University 显示文摘 | Kwan CY Kraftcheck E Knowles L | 2005 | Med Educ2005，9，1： | 1 |
| 15 | sclerosing hemangioma lung: A clinicopathologic study 显示文摘 | Hsu NY Chen CY Kwan PC | 1993 | Chun Hua I husueh Tsa Chih Taipei1993，52，3： | 1 |
| 16 | In vitro inhibition of prolifer ation of HL 60cells by tetrandrine and coriolusversi colorpep tide derived from Chinese medicinal herbs显示文摘 | Dong Y Yang MM Kwan CY | 1997 | Life Sci1997，60，8： | 1 |
| 17 | In vitro inhibition of proliferation of HL -60 cells by tetradrine and coriolus versicolor peptide derived from chinese medicina herbs 显示文摘 | DONG Y YANG MM KWAN CY | 1997 | Life Sci1997，60，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Effects of tetrandrine and closely related his -benzylisoquinoline derivatives on cytosolic Ca2 + in human leu- kaemic HL - 60 cells: a structure - ac - tivity relationship study 显示文摘 | LEUNG YM BERDIK M KWAN CY | 1996 | Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol1996，23，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of free radicals on coronary artery 显示文摘 | Walia M Kwan CY Grover AK | 2003 | Med Princ Pract2003，12，1： | 1 |
| 20 | The assessment of immedi-ate post-operative scoliosis correction using pedicle screw systemby utilising the fulcrum bending technique显示文摘 | Chan CY Kwan MK Saravanan S | 2007 | Med J Malaysia2007，62，1： | 1 |
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