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1Methane hydrate formation and dissociation in synthetic seawater显示文摘The formation and dissociation of methane gas hydrate at an interface between synthetic seawater (SSW) and methane gas have been experimentally investigated in the present work. The amount of gas consumed during hydrate formation has been calculated using the real gas equation. Induction time for the formation of hydrate is found to depend on the degree of subcooling. All the experiments were conducted in quiescent system with initial cell pressure of 11.14 MPa. Salinity effects on the onset pressure and temperature of hydrate formation are also observed. The dissociation enthalpies of methane hydrate in synthetic seawater were determined by Clausius-Clapeyron equation based on the measured phase equilibrium data. The dissociation data have been analyzed by existing models and compared with the reported data.Vikash Kumar Saw Iqbal Ahmad Ajay Mandal G.Udayabhanu Sukumar Laik 2012Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2012,21,6:12
2Effect of SDS/THF on thermodynamic and kinetic properties of formation of hydrate from a mixture of gases(CH_4+C_2H_6+C_3H_8) for storing gas as hydrate显示文摘In this work, the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and combined effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and tetrahydrofuran(THF) on thermodynamic and kinetic properties of CH4+C2H6+C3H8hydrate formation have been studied. Four different concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate(100 ppm, 500 ppm,1000 ppm and 1500 ppm) have been used to see its effect on phase equilibrium condition and formation kinetics. Though sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) does not vary the pressure–temperature condition of hydrate formation, it has a prominent favorable effect on induction time, gas consumption, storage capacity and formation rate. The addition of 3%(mol) tetrahydrofuran(THF) to water + SDS system results in large shifts in phase equilibrium boundary to lower pressure and higher temperature. It has been noticed that the addition of tetrahydrofuran further enhances the formation rate. So the mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) and tetrahydrofuran(THF) can be effectively used as promoter for storing natural gas as hydrate.Himangshu Kakati Ajay Mandal Sukumar Laik 2016Journal of Energy Chemistry2016,25,3:7
3CO_2 Emissions Embodied in China-U.S.Trade显示文摘After the Kyoto Protocol was implemented,carbon leakage exerts great influences on international trade and economy.Trade creates a mechanism for consumers to shift environmental pollution associated with their consumption to other countries.China has overtaken the U.S.as the world's biggest CO2 emitter since 2006.As China's second largest trade partner,the U.S.has the biggest trade deficit with China which has aroused a lot of disputes between the two parties.But so far the assessments of the trade imbalance of China-U.S.have paid little attention to environmental impacts associated with the trade imbalance.Applied an input-output approach,the article estimates the amount of CO2 embodied in China-U.S.trade during 1997-2007.It was found that through trade with China,the U.S.reduced its CO2 emissions compared with a non-trade scenario.Due to the greater carbon-intensity and relatively less efficient production processes of Chinese industry,China-U.S.trade resulted in more CO2 emissions in China and the world.In the end,the article gives some suggestions:it is equal and sustainable that the international accounting methodologies should be improved,for CO2 emissions responsibility must be designed to account for the dynamic nature of international trade.Yan Yunfeng Yang Laike 2009Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2009,7,3:4
4A comprehensive review of the effect of different kinetic promoters on methane hydrate formation显示文摘Gas hydrates have recently emerged as a better alternative for the production,storage,and transportation of natural gases.However,factors like slow formation rate and limited storage capacity obstruct the possible industrial application of this technique.Different types of promoters and synergists have been developed that can improve the kinetics and storage capacity of gas hydrates.This review focuses on different kinetic promoters and synergists that can be utilized to enhance the storage capacity of hydrates.The main characteristics,structure and the possible limitations of the use of these promoters are likewise portrayed in detail.The relationship between structure and storage capacity of hydrates have also been discussed in the review.Current status of production of gas from hydrates,their restrictions,and future difficulties have additionally been addressed in the ensuing areas of the review.Ekta Chaturvedi Sukumar Laik Ajay Mandal 2021Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2021,34,4:3
5Experimental and modeling study of kinetics for methane hydrate formation in a crude oil-in-water emulsion显示文摘A low-viscosity emulsion of crude oil in water can be believed to be the bulk of a flow regime in a pipeline.To differentiate which crude oil would and which would not counter the blockage of flow due to gas hydrate formation in flow channels,varying amount of crude oil in water emulsion without any other extraneous additives has undergone methane gas hydrate formation in an autoclave cell.Crude oil was able to thermodynamically inhibit the gas hydrate formation as observed from its hydrate stability zone.The normalized rate of hydrate formation in the emulsion has been calculated from an illustrative chemical affinity model,which showed a decrease in the methane consumption(decreased normalized rate constant) with an increase in the oil content in the emulsion.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) of the emulsion and characteristic properties of the crude oil have been used to find the chemical component that could be pivotal in selfinhibitory characteristic of the crude oil collected from Ankleshwar,India,against a situation of clogged flow due to formation of gas hydrate and establish flow assurance.Shranish Kar Himangshu Kakati Ajay Mandal Sukumar Laik 2016Petroleum Science2016,13,3:2
6Labile soil organic matter pools in a calciorthent after 18 years of afforesta- tion by different plantations显示文摘Laik R Kumar K Das D K 2009Applied Soil Ecology2009,42,2:1
7The impact of flicker from fluorescent lighting on well-being, performance and physiological arousal 显示文摘Ktiller R Laike T 2010Ergonomics2010,41,4:1
8Labile soil organic matter pools in a ealciorthent after 18 years of afforestation by different plantations 显示文摘Laik R Koushlendra K Das D K 2009Applied Soil Ecology2009,42,2:1
9Diffusion bonding of commercially pure titanium to 304 stainless steel using copper interlayer显示文摘KUNDU S GHOSH M LAIK A BHANUMURTHY K 2005Mater Sci Eng A2005,407,12:1
10The nuclear hormone receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is activated by androsterone显示文摘 LAIK MOY F J 2006Endocrinology2006,147,9:1
11China's foreign trade and climate change: A case study of CO2 emissions显示文摘YanYunfeng Yang Laike 2010Energy Policy2010,,38:1
12Silicon nanowires as negative electrode for lithium-ion microbatteries 显示文摘Laik B Eude L Pereira-Ramos J P 2008Electrochemica Acta2008,53,17:1
13Labile soil organic matter pools in a calciorthent after 18 years of afforestation by different plantations 显示文摘Laik R Kumar K Das D K 2009Appl Soil Ecol2009,42,:1
14China' s foreign trade and climate change : a case study of CO2 emissions显示文摘Yan Yunfeng Yang Laike 2010Energy Policy2010,38,1:1
15The impact of flicker from fluorescent lighting on well-being, performance and physiological arousal 显示文摘Kuller R Laike T 1998Ergonomics1998,41,4:1
16Intermetallies in the Zr-AI diffusion zone显示文摘Laik A Bhanumurthy K Kale G B 2004Intermetallics2004,12,:1
17The nuclearhormone receptor famesoid X receptor (FXR) is activated by androsterone 显示文摘Wang S Laik Moy F J 2006Endocrinology2006,147,9:1
18China's Foreign Trade and Climate Change:A Case Study of CO2 Emis-sions显示文摘Yunfeng Y Laike Y 0,,01:1
19China's foreign trade and climate change:a case study of CO2 emissions显示文摘Yunfeng Y Laike Y 0,,1:1
20Labile soil organic matter pools in a calciorthent after 18 years of afforestation by different plantations 显示文摘Laik R Kumar K Das DK Chaturvedi OP 2009App Soil Ecol2009,42,:1
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