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| 1 | 蓟马采集和玻片标本的制作显示文摘介绍蓟马标本的采集方法、常规鉴定用的临时性玻片和存档及分类用的永久性玻片标本的制作方法。标本的采集主要是拍打植物花朵、叶片及枯枝,玻片的制作重点介绍了制作存档和分类用的永久性玻片的5个步骤,即浸解脱色、洗涤、脱水、整姿封盖和干燥。 | 张宏瑞 Okajim Sahji Laurence A.Mound | 2006 | 昆虫知识2006，43，5： | 89 |
| 2 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Symptoms,risk factors and mechanisms显示文摘Ionising radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for different types of cancer and its use is expected to increase with advances in screening and early detection of cancer.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is important factor working against better utility of this important therapeutic modality.Cancer survivors can suffer a wide variety of acute and chronic symptoms following radiotherapy,which significantly reduces their quality of life as well as adding an extra burden to the cost of health care.The accurate diagnosis and treatment of intestinal radiation injury often represents a clinical challenge to practicing physicians in both gastroenterology and oncology.Despite the growing recognition of the problem and some advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation injury,relatively little is known about the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal radiation injury or any possible susceptibility factors that could aggravate its severity.The aims of this review are to examine the various clinical manifestations of post-radiation gastrointestinal symptoms,to discuss possible patient and treatment factors implicated in normal gastrointestinal tissue radiosensitivity and to outline different mechanisms of intestinal tissue injury. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 35 |
| 3 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Prevention and treatment显示文摘With the recent advances in detection and treatment of cancer,there is an increasing emphasis on the efficacy and safety aspects of cancer therapy.Radiation therapy is a common treatment for a wide variety of cancers,either alone or in combination with other treatments.Ionising radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent side effect of radiation therapy and a considerable proportion of patients suffer acute or chronic gastrointestinal symptoms as a result.These side effects often cause morbidity and may in some cases lower the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract can be minimised by either of two strategies:technical strategies which aim to physically shift radiation dose away from the normal intestinal tissues,and biological strategies which aim to modulate the normal tissue response to ionising radiation or to increase its resistance to it.Although considerable improvement in the safety of radiotherapy treatment has been achieved through the use of modern optimised planning and delivery techniques,biological techniques may offer additional further promise.Different agents have been used to prevent or minimize the severity of gastrointestinal injury induced by ionising radiation exposure,including biological,chemical and pharmacological agents.In this review we aim to discuss various technical strategies to prevent gastrointestinal injury during cancer radiotherapy,examine the different therapeutic options for acute and chronic gastrointestinal radiation injury and outline some examples of research directions and considerations for prevention at a pre-clinical level. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 32 |
| 4 | 英国农业面源污染防控对我国的启示显示文摘当前,世界范围内正面临着粮食增产与维护和改善农业生态环境质量的挑战,治理面源污染是其中的重要内容。通过对英国面源污染治理的防治技术、技术推广体系和相关政策措施方面的系统整理和分析,就我国相应工作提出建议和对策。结合我国当前一控两减三基本的农业资源和环境对策,今后应主要通过源头控制和过程拦截两种手段,注重化肥的减量优化以及有机无机配合使用,强调土地利用管理、农业结构调整以及种养结合,开发和实施符合各地实际情况的面源污染防控技术和措施。发挥非政府形式技术服务体系在面源污染防控中的重要作用,利用政府补贴、生态补偿等经济手段鼓励农户和农业企业主动防控氮磷物质的损失和对水土系统的污染。相关技术文件和规定应更加具体、明确、具有更好的操作性,依托现代信息手段等进行面源污染数据的收集、传输和分析,并在政策制定过程中统筹考虑。将面源污染纳入国家经济和社会发展的总体规划,与产业优化、经济发展指标完善等宏观政策统一,逐步提升生态文明的建设质量,促进我国社会和经济的可持续发展。 | 刘坤 任天志 吴文良 孟凡乔 Jessica Bellarby Laurence Smith | 2016 | 农业环境科学学报2016，35，5： | 34 |
| 5 | 全数字实时仿真器——HYPERSIM显示文摘介绍了加拿大HYDRO QUEBEC公司开发的一种功能强大、界面友好、接口方便的全数字实时仿真软件HYPERSIM。这种全数字实时仿真软件是为在线实时应用设计的 ,也可进行离线仿真 ,可用于电力系统、电力电子及电机拖动分析。A/D和D/A接口、用户代码模块 (UCB)接口以及与商业软件MATLAB和EMTP等接口极大地扩充了程序应用的灵活性。文中通过 3机 | 周保荣 房大中 Laurence A.Snider 陈家荣 | 2003 | 电力系统自动化2003，27，19： | 26 |
| 6 | 肝肿瘤射频消融治疗的现状与展望显示文摘 | 刘吉斌 戴晴 Laurence Needleman Barry B.Goldberg | 2002 | 中华超声影像学杂志2002，11，1： | 24 |
| 7 | Peripheral nerve regeneration and intraneural revascularization显示文摘Peripheral nerves are particularly vulnerable to injuries and are involved in numerous pathologies for which specific treatments are lacking. This review summarizes the pathophysiological features of the most common traumatic nerve injury in humans and the different animal models used in nerve regeneration studies. The current knowledge concerning Wallerian degeneration and nerve regrowth is then described. Finally, the involvement of intraneural vascularization in these processes is addressed. As intraneural vascularization has been poorly studied, histological experiments were carried out from rat sciatic nerves damaged by a glycerol injection. The results, taken together with the data from literature, suggest that revascularization plays an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration and must therefore be studied more carefully. | Martial Caillaud Laurence Richard Jean-Michel Vallat Alexis Desmoulière Fabrice Billet | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，1： | 20 |
| 8 | Surgical treatment of intra hepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Recurrence after hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is frequent.Currently,there are no recommendations on therapeutic strategy after recurrence of HCC.Whereas the 5 year-recurrence rate after resection of HCC is 100%,this drops to 15% after primary liver transplantation.Repeat hepatectomy and salvage liver transplantation(SLT) could be performed in selected patients to treat recurrent HCC and enable prolonged overall survival after treatment of recurrence.Other therapies such as local ablation,chemoembolization or sorafenib could be proposed to those patients unable to benefit from resection or SLT.A clear definition of the place of SLT and 'prophylactic' liver transplantation is required.Indeed,identifying risks factors for recurrence at time of primary liver resection of HCC may help to avoid recurrence beyond Milan criteria and non-resectable situations.In this review,we summarize the recent data available in the literature on the feasibility and outcomes of repeat hepatectomy and SLT as treatment for recurrent HCC. | Laurence Lacaze Michel Scotté | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，13： | 19 |
| 9 | 利用直接激发Rayleigh表面波的方法测量材料的声学非线性系数显示文摘提出了利用直接激发Rayleigh表面波的方法测量材料的声学非线性系数。采用专门的信号源,将压电传感器安装在试件边缘直接激发Rayleigh表面波,利用激光干涉仪测量系统采集试件表面的Rayleigh波信号。对采集到的Rayleigh波信号进行FFT变换,得到Rayleigh波信号中所包含的基频和高频成分,并据此进一步确定材料的声学非线性系数。对铝合金材料AA2024和AA6061的试验测量与分析结果表明,这种利用将压电传感器直接安装在试件边缘激发Rayleigh表面波的方法能够有效、准确地测量材料的声学非线性系数,可以为材料和结构早期力学性能退化的无损检测和评价提供一种有效的途径。 | 税国双 汪越胜 Jianmin Qu Jin-Yeon Kim Laurence J. Jacobs | 2008 | 声学学报2008，33，4： | 18 |
| 10 | Collections-based systematics: Opportunities and outlook for 2050显示文摘系统的生物学是在集合生根的一个学科。这些集合在研究和保存起重要作用并且对我们关于生物多样性和保存教育社会的努力不可分。集合在全世界并且整个最近、地质的时间提供有机体的分发的一个无价的记录,并且他们是行星的生物、物理、文化的差异的唯一的直接文档:过去,现在,和未来。在生物信息学和 cyberinfrastructure 的最近的开发由开创新机会正在转变 systematics,作为一个结果学生, digitization 努力逐渐地使大量生物多样性数据可得到。训练的基于收集的 systematics 社区需要有综合技巧的组织主义者下一代,在不同规模关于生物多样性探讨宏大问题,开发社区宽的 cyberinfrastructure ,有效地传播系统的数据到生物学家和公众,并且积极地在 Anthropocene 的生物多样性危机在 systematics 和集合的重要性上教育公众和政策制造者。明确地,我们要求新全球生物多样性 CyberBank,比得上为基因数据的 GenBank,主修是所有生物多样性数据,以及系统的生物学的一个世界组织的仓库带这域的行动。我们也为分类的书构画出新工作流,它两个都利用综合的传统的力量多样的基于收集的分类数据和联机资源和生物信息学工具的能力。 | Jun Wen Stefanie M. Ickert-Bond Marc S. Appelhans Laurence J. Dorr Vicki A. Funk | 2015 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2015，53，6： | 15 |
| 11 | 一种基于非线性超声谐波幅值比的微裂缝探测方法显示文摘超声波穿过受损材料后,都会产生一定程度的非线性效应,如谐波.利用非线性波动理论中二阶谐波幅值与基波幅值的关系,探讨了通过测试谐波比关系的变化,获得材料非线性特征改变,进而判断材料损伤的方法,并进行了试验研究.试验中制作了两组水泥砂浆试棒,采用了相同活性碱骨料砂、相同水灰比,其中一组中通过碱骨料反应引入不同程度的微裂缝;另一组保持无损状态.两组水泥砂浆试验的对比试验结果表明,材料经碱骨料损伤后,其超声非线性特征变化十分明显.证明本方法对混凝土材料微裂缝的探测非常敏感,对于水泥基材料而言,是一种极具潜力的材料退化评估方法. | 陈小佳 沈成武 Laurence L.Jacobs | 2007 | 武汉大学学报(工学版)2007，40，6： | 14 |
| 12 | Anticancer immunotherapy by CTLA-4 blockade: obligatory contribution of IL-2 receptors and negative prognostic impact of soluble CD25显示文摘堵住抗体 ipilimumab 的细胞毒素的 T 淋巴细胞 antigen-4 (CTLA-4 ) 在很少的病人导致变形黑瘤的调停免疫者的长期的控制。尽管 ipilimumab 无疑经由 immunostimulation 施加它的治疗学的效果,这样远的临床上有用的、 immunologically 相关的 biomarkers 预言治疗效率是逃犯的。这里,我们显示出 IL-2 的那中立化或堵住 α并且 βIL-2 受体的子单元(CD25 和 CD122,分别地) 否则在现出症状之前的潜的老鼠模型由 CTLA-4 封锁导致了,废除了 antitumor 效果和 intratumoral T 受动器对规章的房间(Tregs ) 的比率的伴随的改进,它是。CTLA-4 封锁导致了在失去了 FoxP3 表示并且在 regressing 肿瘤积累了的 IL-2-producing 受动器房间与伴随物上升表示 Lag3, ICOS, IL-10 和 Egr2 的一个镇压 CD4 + T 房间子集的减小。当 recombinant IL-2 改进了 CTLA-4 封锁的治疗学的功效时,圈套 IL-2 受体 α(IL-2Rα, sCD25 ) 禁止了 CTLA-4 的 anticancer 效果封锁。在收到 ipilimumab 的 262 个变形黑瘤病人, sCD25 的基线浆液集中代表了全面幸存的独立指示物,与预言到治疗的抵抗的高水平。总的来说,这些结果解开为在 CTLA-4 的 anticancer 活动的 IL-2 和 IL-2 受体的一个角色封锁。重要地,我们的学习提供第一 immunologically 相关的 biomarker,也就是提高的浆液 sCD25,那与黑瘤在病人预言抵抗到 CTLA-4 封锁。 | Dalil Hannani Marie Vetizou David Enot Sylvie Rusakiewicz Nathalie Chaput David Klatzmann Melanie Desbois Nicolas Jacquelot Nadege Vimond Salem Chouaib Christine Mateus James P Allison Antoni Ribas Jedd D Wolchok Jianda Yuan Philip Wong Michael Postow Andrzej Mackiewicz Jacek Mackiewicz Dirk Schadendorff Dirk Jaeger Alan J Korman Keith Bahjat Michele Maio Luana Calabro Michele WL Teng Mark J Smyth Alexander Eggennont Caroline Robert Guido Kroemer Laurence Zitvogel | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，2： | 14 |
| 13 | 医生是否应该让患者参与医疗决策显示文摘 | McGuire Amy L.JD PhD McCullough Laurence B.PhD 郭肖华 阎茹(译) | 2005 | 医学与哲学2005，26，12X： | 14 |
| 14 | Turning rice meiosis into mitosis显示文摘通过在庄稼的种子(单性生殖) 的同种细胞的复制的介绍有潜力由允许任何精英变化的自我繁殖革命化农业,特别地 F1 混血儿。在性模型植物 Arabidopsis thaliana,通过种子的合成同种细胞的复制能被联合三个变化把成熟分裂变成有丝分裂(笑剧) 并且(的(i) 人工地实现 ii ) 穿过获得的同种细胞的配偶子,一根线表示修改了 CENH3 并且其染色体在接合子被消除。这里,我们证明变化的另外的联合能把 Arabidopsis 成熟分裂变成有丝分裂并且在米饭(Oryza sativa ) 的三个变化的联合高效地把成熟分裂变成有丝分裂,导致在这主要庄稼的男、女的同种细胞的双配偶子的生产。在种系发生地远的 eudicot Arabidopsis 和 monocot 米饭的笑剧技术的成功的实现为它的申请打开门到任何 flowering 植物并且为在庄稼种类介绍单性生殖铺平道路。 | Delphine Mieulet Sylvie Jolivet Maud Rivard Laurence Cromer Aurore Vemet Pauline Mayonove Lucie Pereira Gaetan Droc Brigitte Courtois Emmanuel Guiderdoni Raphael Mercier | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，11： | 14 |
| 15 | Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties显示文摘Calcium phosphate cements(CPCs) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980 s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability,bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs,including 3 D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and prevascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis. | Hockin HK Xu Ping Wang Lin Wang Chongyun Bao Qianming Chen Michael D Weir Laurence C Chow Liang Zhao Xuedong Zhou Mark A Reynolds | 2017 | Bone Research2017，5，4： | 14 |
| 16 | Iron and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘The mechanisms that promote liver injury in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) are yet to be thoroughly elucidated. As such, effective treatment strategies are lacking and novel therapeutic targets are required. Iron has been widely implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and represents a potential target for treatment. Relationships between serum ferritin concentration and NAFLD are noted in a majority of studies, although serum ferritin is an imprecise measure of iron loading. Numerous mechanisms for a pathogenic role of hepatic iron in NAFLD have been demonstrated in animal and cell culture models. However, the human data linking hepatic iron to liver injury in NAFLD is less clear, with seemingly conflicting evidence, supporting either an effect of iron in hepatocytes or within reticulo-endothelial cells. Adipose tissue has emerged as a key site at which iron may have a pathogenic role in NAFLD. Evidence for this comes indirectly from studies that have evaluated the role of adipose tissue iron with respect to insulin resistance. Adding further complexity, multiple strands of evidence support an effect of NAFLD itself on iron metabolism. In this review, we summarise the human and basic science data that has evaluated the role of iron in NAFLD pathogenesis. | Laurence J Britton V Nathan Subramaniam Darrell HG Crawford | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，36： | 14 |
| 17 | 微创牙科学:文献回顾与最新进展(英文)显示文摘微创牙科学是指采用生物学方法而不是传统的牙体手术处理龋病,以最大限度地减少对牙体结构的破坏。这种新的龋病处理方法,将过去强调的视龋损为“洞”而反复充填的理念,转变为视龋损为口腔生态失衡而促使生物膜产生生物学变化。微创牙科学的目的在于阻止龋病进程,然后修复缺失的牙体结构和功能,最大限度地发挥牙体的愈合潜能。微创牙科学的处理方法可概括为3个步骤:(1)判定患者的患龋风险;(2)再矿化,即防止龋损形成并逆转未形成“洞”的浅龋;(3)修复,即控制龋活性,使愈合潜能最大化并修复龋损。龋病并非仅仅是牙体脱矿,而是一个因生物膜与牙界面生态和化学平衡失衡而致的反复的脱矿过程(生态菌斑学说)。饮食和生活方式(尤其是碳水化合物的摄入频次)、饮水、吸烟是导致生物膜生态和致病性的重要因素。椅旁评价菌斑和唾液的方法的问世,使得龋病危险评估和监测患者的顺从性成为可能。唾液的再矿化特性,可以通过使用能够释放Ca2+、P5+、F1-的再矿化剂(CPP-ACPandCPP-ACFP)而予强化。使用某些化学制剂(氟、氯已定和木糖醇),可改变菌斑的致病性。采用微创治疗方案,可修复早期龋损,增进患者的理解力和顺从性。本文从3个方面,详细论述了微创牙科学的概念、理论基础和操作方法。 | Andrew M. Brostek Andrew J. Bochenek Laurence J. Walsh | 2006 | 上海口腔医学2006，15，3： | 12 |
| 18 | Surgery for Peyronie's disease显示文摘Peyronie 的疾病(PD ) 最简单地被叫作 fibrotic tunica albuginea 的愈合创伤的混乱。它两个都是引起阴茎畸形的身体上并且心理上地破坏的混乱,弯曲,依赖,变窄并且弄短,它可以妥协性功能。尽管许多非外科的处理被建议了,注明日期提议阴茎畸形的可靠、有效的修正的没有。作为结果,外科仍然是标准答案治疗选择,提供将是这篇文章的焦点的最快速、可靠的治疗。我们考察外科手术前的评估,外科的算法,接枝材料和 PD 的手术后的管理。为弄短的 tunical 的结果, tunical 为阴茎弄直变长和阴茎修复术放置被考察。Tunica albuginea 折襞是与足够的刚硬为人弄直的比较喜欢的方法,更少的严重疾病把不到 70 ° 定义为弯曲;没有缩小 / 依赖。有更多的严重、复杂畸形,但是维持强壮的外科手术前的可勃起的功能的人应该为与匾切口或部分切除和 grafting 弄直被认为候选人。最后为有不适当的刚硬和 PD 的那些人,有弄直的阴茎修复术放置两个都是地址的最好的途径问题。 | Laurence A Levine Stephen M Larsen | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，1： | 9 |
| 19 | Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lignocaine: A review显示文摘Lignocaine is an essential drug on World Health Organisation essential drug list, considered efficacious, safe and cost-effective for any health-care system. Despite its ubiquitous use in medicine and surgery, there are few detailed reviews of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Being an amide-type local anesthetic and Class 1b antiarrhythmic, lignocaine is most frequently used clinically for its anesthetic and antiarrhythmic benefits. However, lignocaine has important antinociceptive, immuno-modulating, and antiinflammatory properties. Information pertaining to the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lignocaine was examined by performing a literature search of Pub Med, Embase and MEDLINE(via Ovid), pharmacology textbooks and online sources. We present a focused synopsis of lignocaine's pharmacological composition, indications for use and mechanisms of action, focusing on its anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulating and analgesia effects. In addition we review the dosing regimes and infusion kinetics of lignocaine in the clinical setting. Finally, we review the evidence for ligocaine's modulation of the inflammatory response during major surgery and its specific effects on cancer recurrence. These indirect effects of local anesthetics in tumor development may stem from the reduction of neuroendocrine responses to the stress response elicited by major surgery and tissue damage, enhanced preservation of immune-competence, in addition to opioid-sparing effects of modulating tumor growth. | Laurence Weinberg Benjamin Peake Chong Tan Mehrdad Nikfarjam | 2015 | World Journal of Anesthesiology2015，4，2： | 9 |
| 20 | 泰国眼镜蛇毒cobratoxin的化学修饰物receptin的镇痛作用(英文)显示文摘目的 在动物疼痛模型上,观察泰国眼镜蛇长链突触后α-神经毒素cobratoxin(CTX)的化学修饰物receptin(REC)的镇痛作用及其阿托品和纳洛酮对其镇痛作用的影响。方法 采用腹腔注射(i.p.,5mg/kg,7.07mg/kg,10mg/kg)或脑室注射(i.c.v.,62.5g/kg)的方法给予REC;采用小鼠热板反应、扭体反应及大鼠甩尾反应试验研究药物的镇痛作用;应用预先给予阿托(atropine,Atr;0.5mg/kg,i.m.或10mg/kg,i.p.)或纳洛酮(naloxone,Nal;3mg/kg,i.p.)研究胆碱能及阿片肽能神经在REC镇痛中的作用;采用mnilnex试验观察REC对小鼠自发活动的影响。结果 REC(5mg/kg,7.07mg/kg及10mg/kg,i.p.)在小鼠热板试验及扭体试验中均呈现出剂量依赖性镇痛作用,并于给药后20小时出现显著镇痛作用。在大鼠甩尾试验中,REC62.5mg/kg(相当于全身给药的1/160,i.c.v.)后产生显著镇痛作用。阿托品或纳洛酮不能阻断REC的镇痛作用。高剂量REC(10mg/kg,i.p.)对小鼠的自发活动无明显影响。结论 REC具有镇痛作用,尽管中枢神经系统参与REC的镇痛作用,但外周神经系统可能亦介导REC的镇痛作用。中枢胆碱能及阿片肽能神经系统可能不参与REC的镇痛作用。 | 张慧灵 韩蓉 陈志欣 顾振纶 Paul F.Reid Laurence N.Raymond 秦正红 | 2006 | Neuroscience Bulletin2006，22，5： | 8 |
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