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| 1 | Systemic inflammation in colorectal cancer: Underlying factors,effects, and prognostic significance显示文摘Systemic inflammation is a marker of poor prognosis preoperatively present in around 20%-40%of colorectal cancer patients.The hallmarks of systemic inflammation include an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins that enter the circulation.While the low-level systemic inflammation is often clinically silent,its consequences are many and may ultimately lead to chronic cancer-associated wasting,cachexia.In this review,we discuss the pathogenesis of cancer-related systemic inflammation,explore the role of systemic inflammation in promoting cancer growth,escaping antitumor defense,and shifting metabolic pathways,and how these changes are related to less favorable outcome. | Anne E Tuomisto Markus J Makinen Juha P Vayrynen | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，31： | 27 |
| 2 | Divergent expression of bacterial wall sensing toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM To characterize the expression of toll-like receptors(TLR) 2 and 4 in colorectal cancer(CRC) and in normal colorectal mucosa.METHODS We analysed tissue samples from a prospective series of 118 unselected surgically treated patients with CRC. Sections from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded specimens were analysed for TLR2 and TLR4 expression by immunohistochemistry. Two independent assessors evaluated separately expression at the normal mucosa, at the invasive front and the bulk of the carcinoma, and in the lymph node metastases when present. Expression levels in different locations were compared and their associations with clinicopathological features including TNM-stage and the grade of the tumour and 5-year follow-up observations were analysed.RESULTS Normal colorectal epithelium showed a gradient of expression of both TLR2 and TLR4 with low levels in the crypt bases and high levels in the surface. In CRC, expression of both TLRs was present in all cases and in the major proportion of tumour cells. Compared to normal epithelium, TLR4 expression was significantly weaker but TLR2 expression stronger in carcinoma cells. Weak TLR4 expression in the invasive front was associated with distant metastases and worse cancerspecific survival at 5 years. In tumours of the proximal colon the cancer-specific survival at 5 years was 36.9% better with strong TLR4 expression as compared with those with weak expression(P = 0.044). In contrast, TLR2 expression levels were not associated with prognosis. Tumour cells in the lymph node metastases showed higher TLR4 expression and lower TLR2 expression than cells in primary tumours.CONCLUSION Tumour cells in CRC show downregulation of TLR4 and upregulation of TLR2. Low expression of TLR4 in the invasive front predicts poor prognosis and metastatic disease. | Karoliina Paarnio Sara Vayrynen Kai Klintrup Pasi Ohtonen Markus J Makinen Jyrki Makela Tuomo J Karttunen | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，26： | 8 |
| 3 | Inhibition of lymphangiogenesis with resulting lymphedema in transgenic mice expressing soluble VEGF receptor 3显示文摘 | Makinen T Jussila L Veikkola T | | 0，，： | 2 |
| 4 | Neural guidance molecules regulatr vascular remodeling and vessel navigation 显示文摘 | Erichman A Makinen T Alitier K | 2005 | Gene & Dev2005，19，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Lymphatic endothelium:a new frontier of metastasis research显示文摘 | Karkkainen M J Makinen T Alitalo K | 2002 | Nat Cell Biol2002，4，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Regulation of lymphangiogene- sis: From cell fate determination to vessel remodeling显示文摘 | Karpanen T Makinen T | 2006 | Exp Cell Res2006，312，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Finish national register of laparoscopic hystrerclomic : a review and compli- cations of 1 165 operations 显示文摘 | Harkki-Siren P Sjoberg J Makinen J | 1997 | Am J Obstet Gynecol1997，176，1： | 1 |
| 8 | On a parallel machine scheduling problem with precedence constraints显示文摘 | Aho I Makinen E | 2006 | Journal of Scheduling2006，9，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Early cleavage predicts the viability of human embryos in elective single embryo transfer procedures显示文摘 | Salumets A Hyden-Granskog C Makinen S | 2003 | Hum Reprod2003，18，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Influence of dietary soy and phytase levels on pedormance and body oomposition of large rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) and algal availability of phosphotos load显示文摘 | Vielma J Makinen T Ekholm P | 2000 | Aquaculture2000，183，： | 1 |
| 11 | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 显示文摘 | Taipale J Makinen T Arighi E | 1999 | Curr Top Microbiol Immunol1999，237，： | 1 |
| 12 | Radiation damage in Nd-Fe-B magnets:temperature and shape effects显示文摘 | O P KAHKONEN S MAKINEN M TALVITIE | 1992 | J Phys Condens Matter1992，4，： | 1 |
| 13 | Colorectal carcinoma associated with serrated adenoma-prevalence, histological feathers and prognosis显示文摘 | Makinen M J George SM Jemvall P | 2001 | J Pathol2001，193，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Regulation of lymphangiogenesis from cell fate determination to vessel remodeling 显示文摘 | Karpanen T Makinen T | 2006 | Exp Cel Res2006，312，5： | 1 |
| 15 | The Effect of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy on Respireatory Compliance As Determined by Continuous Spirometry显示文摘 | Makinen M T Yli-Hankala A | 1996 | J Clin Anesth1996，8，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Silencing of either SR-A or CD36 reduces atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice and reveals re- eiprecal upregulation of these receptors 显示文摘 | Makinen PI Lappalainen JP Heinonen SE | 2010 | Cardiovasc Res2010，88，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Defending the National Literature? Cultural Historical Background of the Finnish System of Public Lending Right Compensation 显示文摘 | Ilkka Makinen | 2009 | Library & information history2009，，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Morphology andmicrosatellite instability in sporadic serrated and non-serrated colorec-tal cancer显示文摘 | Tuppurainen K Makinen JM Junttila O | 2005 | Pathol2005，207，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Current treatment of ectopic pregnancy显示文摘 | Makinen J | 1999 | Ann Med1999，31，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Screening of Positrons in Semiconductors and Insulators 显示文摘 | Puska M J Makinen S Manninen M | 1989 | Phys Rev B1989，39，： | 1 |
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