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| 1 | Cachexia and pancreatic cancer: Are there treatment options?显示文摘Cachexia is frequently described in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)and is associated with reduced survival and quality of life.Unfortunately,the therapeutic options of this multi-factorial and complex syndrome are limited.This is due to the fact that,despite extensive preclinical and clinical research,the underlying pathological mechanisms leading to PDAC-associated cachexia are still not fully understood.Furthermore,there is still a lack of consensus on the definition of cachexia,which complicates the standardization of diagnosis and treatment as well as the analysis of the current literature.In order to provide an efficient therapy for cachexia,an early and reliable diagnosis and consistent monitoring is required,which can be challenging especially in obese patients.Although many substances have been tested in clinical and preclinical settings,so far none of them have been proven to have a long-term effect in ameliorating cancer-associated cachexia.However,recent studies have demonstrated that multidimensional therapeutic modalities are able to alleviate pancreatic cancerassociated cachexia and ultimately improve patients’outcome.In this current review,we propose a stepwise and pragmatic approach to facilitate and standardize the treatment of cachexia in pancreatic cancer patients.This strategy consists of nutritional,dietary,pharmacological,physical and psychological methods. | Tara C Mueller Marc A Burmeister Jeannine Bachmann Marc E Martignoni | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，28： | 3 |
| 2 | Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitro and invivo reproducibility显示文摘There is considerable disparity in the published apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values across different anatomies. Institutions are increasingly assessing repeatability and reproducibility of the derived ADC to determine its variation,which could potentially be used as an indicator in determining tumour aggressiveness or assessing tumour response. In this manuscript,a review of selected articles published to date in healthy extracranial body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is presented,detailing reported ADC values and discussing their variation across different studies. In total 115 studies were selected including 28 for liver parenchyma,15 for kidney(renal parenchyma),14 for spleen,13 for pancreatic body,6 for gallbladder,13 for prostate,13 for uterus(endometrium,myometrium,cervix) and 13 for fibroglandular breast tissue. Median ADC values in selected studies were found to be 1.28 × 10-3 mm2/s in liver,1.94 × 10-3 mm2/s in kidney,1.60 × 10-3 mm2/s in pancreatic body,0.85 × 10-3 mm2/s in spleen,2.73 × 10-3 mm2/s in gallbladder,1.64 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.31 × 10-3 mm2/s in prostate peripheral zone and central gland respectively(combined median value of 1.54×10-3 mm2/s),1.44 × 10-3 mm2/s in endometrium,1.53 × 10-3 mm2/s in myometrium,1.71 × 10-3 mm2/s in cervix and 1.92 × 10-3 mm2/s in breast. In addition,six phantom studies and thirteen in vivo studies were summarized to compare repeatability and reproducibility of the measured ADC. All selected phantom studies demonstrated lower intra-scanner and inter-scanner variation compared to in vivo studies. Based on the findings of this manuscript,it is recommended that protocols need to be optimised for the body part studied and that system-induced variability must be established using a standardized phantom in any clinical study. Reproducibility of the measured ADC must also be assessed in a volunteer population,as variations are far more significant in vivo compared with phantom studies. | Maysam M Jafar Arman Parsai Marc E Miquel | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，1： | 2 |
| 3 | A Short Amino-Terminal Part of Arabidopsis Phytochrome A Induces Constitutive Photomorphogenic Response显示文摘Phytochrome A (phyA ) 是在 Arabidopsis thaliana 察觉到的 far-red 光的主导的光敏电阻器。phyA 在发信号的变白的幼苗,和导致光的 phyA 的细胞质在高水平积累被一个复杂规章的网络调停。这包括光 -- 并且进在 vivo 的原子核的本国的 phyA 的 FHY1/FHL 蛋白质依赖者 translocation。phyA (PHYA406 ) 的短 N 终端碎片对 phenocopy 足够,这也被显示出在 vitro 的这个高度调整的细胞的过程。为了测试这 N 终端的生物活动,在 planta phyA 碎裂,我们生产了表示 PHYA406YFP 的转基因的 phyA-201 植物(黄荧光灯蛋白质) DD, PHYA406YFPDDNLS (原子本地化信号) ,和 PHYA406YFPDDNES (原子出口信号) 熔化蛋白质。这里,我们报导 PHYA406YFPDD 被进口进原子核,而 PHYA406YFPDDNLS 和 PHYA406YFPDDNES 显示期望的组成的本地化模式,这进程部分是轻依赖者的。我们的结果证明这些截断的 phyA 蛋白质是轻马厩的,当局部性时,他们在他们的原子核,和两个都不触发组成的象 photomorphogenic 一样回答导致合适的 phyA 发信号。我们证明在 vitro 并且在 vivo PHYA406, Pfr 和 Pr 绑 COP1, photomorphogenesis 的一个一般抑压者,并且在原子身体与它共同本地化。因此,我们断定在 planta,截断的 PHYA406 蛋白质以一种光无关的方式在原子核使 COP1 失去活性。 | Andra's Viczia'n E'va Ada'm Iris Wolf Ja'nos Bindics Stefan Kircher Marc Heijde Roman Ulm Eberhard Scha'fer Ferenc Nagy | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Designing flexible manipulators with the lowest natural frequency nearly independent of position显示文摘 | LOUIS J E JENNCHEN T MARC C | 1999 | IEEE Transaction on Robotics and Automation1999，15，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Reduced Iug diffusion capacity after Mycopiasma pneumoniae pneumonia显示文摘 | Marc E chaussain M Moulin F | 2000 | Pediatr infect Dis J2000，19，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Hospitalization for severe bac terial infections in children after exposure to NSAIDs: a pro spective adverse drug reaction reporting study显示文摘 | Leroy S Marc E Bavoux | 2010 | Clinical drug investigation2010，30，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Mycoplasma pneumoniae and asth- ma in children 显示文摘 | Biscardi S Lorrot M Marc E | 2004 | J Clin Infect Dis2004，38，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Intramolecular Diels- Alder reactions of 2-(alkynyl)pyrimidines and 2-(alkynyl)pyridines显示文摘 | Frissen A E Marcelis A T M Geurtsen G | 1989 | Tetrahedron1989，45，16： | 1 |
| 9 | On-line Solid-phase Extraction with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers to Selectively Extract Substituted 4-Chlorophenols and 4-Nitrophenol from Water显示文摘 | Caro E Marce R M Peter A G et at | 2003 | J Chromatogr A2003，995，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Myeoplasma pneumoniae and asthma in children显示文摘 | Biscardi S Iorrot M Marc E | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Photodegradation of lincomycin in aqueous solution显示文摘 | Di Paola A Addamo M Augugliaro V García-López E Loddo V Marcì G Palmisano L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Peritoneal minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer: mechanisms, prevention, and treatment显示文摘 | Wim P Ceelen Marc E Bracke | 2009 | Lancet Oncology2009，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Peripheral arterial disease: therapeutic confidence of CT versus digital subtraction angiography and effects on additional imaging recommendations 显示文摘 | Miraude E Marc C | 2004 | Radiology2004，233，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Selective extraction of sulfonamides,macrolides and other pharmaceuticals from sewage sludge by pressurized liquid extraction显示文摘 | NIETO A BORRULL F MARCE R M POCURULL E | 2007 | J Chromatogr:A2007，1174，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Mycoplasma pneumoniae and asthma in children显示文摘 | Biscardi S Lorrot M Marc E | 2004 | Olin Infect Dis2004，58，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Advanced screen printing technique for high definition front side metallization of crystal- line silicon cells 显示文摘 | Denis E Aleksander F Marc R | 2010 | Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells2010，94，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Non-covalent and Semi-covalent Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Selective on-Line Solid-phase Extraction of 4-Nitrophenol from Water Samples显示文摘 | Caro E Masque N Marce R M | 2002 | J Chromatogr A2002，963，12： | 1 |
| 18 | High Power Vacuum Window in WR10显示文摘 | MARC E H RICHARD S C DAVID H W | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 19 | Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers to Solid-phase Extraction of Compounds from Environmental and Biological Samples显示文摘 | Caro E Marce B M Borrull F | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 20 | Viscoelastic properties of polystyrene and poly ( methyl methacrylate ) dispersions sterically stabilized by hydrophobically modified inulin ( polyfructose ) polymeric surfactant显示文摘 | Jeremie N Marc O Jordi E | 2008 | Journal of Colloid and Interface Science2008，，1： | 1 |
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