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| 1 | Biomarkers for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although the prognosis of patients with HCC is generally poor, the5-year survival rate is > 70% if patients are diagnosed at an early stage. However, early diagnosis of HCC is complicated by the coexistence of inflammation and cirrhosis. Thus, novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HCC are required. Currently, the diagnosis of HCC without pathological correlation is achieved by analyzing serum α.fetoprotein levels combined with imaging techniques. Advances in genomics and proteomics platforms and biomarker assay techniques over the last decade have resulted in the identification of numerous novel biomarkers and have improved the diagnosis of HCC. The most promising biomarkers,such as glypican-3, osteopontin, Golgi protein-73 and nucleic acids including microRNAs, are most likely to become clinically validated in the near future. These biomarkers are not only useful for early diagnosis of HCC, but also provide insight into the mechanisms driving oncogenesis. In addition, such molecular insight creates the basis for the development of potentially more effective treatment strategies. In this article,we provide an overview of the biomarkers that are currently used for the early diagnosis of HCC. | Nobuhiro Tsuchiya Yu Sawada Itaru Endo Keigo Saito Yasushi Uemura Tetsuya Nakatsura | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，37： | 72 |
| 2 | Role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of focal hepatic lesions显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the utility of diffusion-weighted im-aging(DWI)in screening and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant focal hepatic lesions.METHODS:Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)ex-aminations were performed using the Signa Excite Xl Twin Speed 1.5T system(GE Healthcare,Milwaukee,WI,USA).Seventy patients who had undergone MRI of the liver [29 hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC),four cholangiocarcinomas,34 metastatic liver cancers,10 hemangiomas,and eight cysts] between April 2004 and August 2008 were retrospectively evaluated.Visu-alization of lesions,relative contrast ratio(RCR),and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)were compared between benign and malignant lesions on DWI.Su-perparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)was administered to 59 patients,and RCR was compared pre-and post-administration.RESULTS:DWI showed higher contrast between ma-lignant lesions(especially in multiple small metastatic cancers)and surrounding liver parenchyma than did contrast-enhanced computed tomography.ADCs(mean ± SD × 10-3 mm2/s)were signif icantly lower(P < 0.05)in malignant lesions(HCC:1.31 ± 0.28 and liver me-tastasis:1.11 ± 0.22)and were signifi cantly higher in benign lesions(hemangioma:1.84 ± 0.37 and cyst:2.61 ± 0.45)than in the surrounding hepatic tissues.RCR between malignant lesions and surrounding he-patic tissues signifi cantly improved after SPIO adminis-tration,but RCRs in benign lesions were not improved.CONCLUSION:DWI is a simple and sensitive method for screening focal hepatic lesions and is useful for dif-ferential diagnosis. | Naoto Koike Akihiro Cho Katsuhiro Nasu Kazuhiko Seto Shigeyuki Nagaya Yuji Ohshima Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，46： | 38 |
| 3 | Platelets in liver disease, cancer and regeneration显示文摘Although viral hepatitis treatments have evolved over the years, the resultant liver cirrhosis still does not completely heal. Platelets contain proteins required for hemostasis, as well as many growth factors required for organ development, tissue regeneration and repair. Thrombocytopenia, which is frequently observed in patients with chronic liver disease(CLD) and cirrhosis, can manifest from decreased thrombopoietin production and accelerated platelet destruction caused by hypersplenism; however, the relationship between thrombocytopenia and hepatic pathogenesis, as well as the role of platelets in CLD, is poorly understood. In this paper, experimental evidence of platelets improving liver fibrosis and accelerating liver regeneration is summarized and addressed based on studies conducted in our laboratory and current progress reports from other investigators. In addition, we describe our current perspective based on the results of these studies. Platelets improve liver fibrosis by inactivating hepatic stellate cells, which decreases collagen production. The regenerative effect of platelets in the liver involves a direct effect on hepatocytes, a cooperative effect with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and a collaborative effect with Kupffer cells. Based on these observations, we ascertained the direct effect of platelet transfusion on improving several indicators of liver function in patients with CLD and liver cirrhosis. However, unlike the results of our previous clinical study, the smaller incremental changes in liver function in patients with CLD who received eltrombopag for 6 mo were due to patient selection from a heterogeneous population. We highlight the current knowledge concerning the role of platelets in CLD and cancer and anticipate a novel application of platelet-based clinical therapies to treat liver disease. | Tomohiro Kurokawa Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 25 |
| 4 | Novel 3-dimensional virtual hepatectomy simulation combined with real-time deformation显示文摘AIM:To develop a novel 3-dimensional(3D) virtual hepatectomy simulation software,Liversim,to visualize the real-time deformation of the liver.METHODS:We developed a novel real-time virtual hepatectomy simulation software program called Liversim. The software provides 4 basic functions:viewing 3D models from arbitrary directions,changing the colors and opacities of the models,deforming the models based on user interaction,and incising the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic vessels based on user operations. From April 2010 through 2013,99 patients underwent virtual hepatectomies that used the conventional software program SYNAPSE VINCENT preoperatively. Between April 2012 and October 2013,11 patients received virtual hepatectomies using the novel software program Liversim; these hepatectomies were performed both preoperatively and at the same that the actual hepatectomy was performed in an operating room. The perioperative outcomes were analyzed between the patients for whom SYNAPSE VINCENT was used and those for whom Liversim wasused. Furthermore,medical students and surgical residents were asked to complete questionnaires regarding the new software.RESULTS:There were no obvious discrepancies(i.e.,the emergence of branches in the portal vein or hepatic vein or the depth and direction of the resection line) between our simulation and the actual surgery during the resection process. The median operating time was 304 min(range,110 to 846) in the VINCENT group and 397 min(range,232 to 497) in the Liversim group(P = 0.30). The median amount of intraoperative bleeding was 510 m L(range,18 to 5120) in the VINCENT group and 470 m L(range,130 to 1600) in the Liversim group(P = 0.44). The median postoperative stay was 12 d(range,6 to 100) in the VINCENT group and 13 d(range,9 to 21) in the Liversim group(P = 0.36). There were no significant differences in the preoperative outcomes between the two groups. Liversim was not found to be clinically inferior to SYNAPSE VINCENT. Both students and surgical residents reported that the Liversim image was almost the same as the actual hepatectomy.CONCLUSION:Virtual hepatectomy with real-time deformation of the liver using Liversim is useful for the safe performance of hepatectomies and for surgical education. | Yukio Oshiro Hiroaki Yano Jun Mitani Sangtae Kim Jaejeong Kim Kiyoshi Fukunaga Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，34： | 23 |
| 5 | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor and solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm: Key immunohistochemical profiles for differential diagnosis显示文摘AIM To reveal better diagnostic markers for differentiating neuroendocrine tumor(NET) from solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm(SPN), focusing primarily on immunohistochemical analysis.METHODS We reviewed 30 pancreatic surgical specimens of NET(24 cases) and SPN(6 cases). We carried out comprehensive immunohistochemical profiling using 9 markers: Synaptophysin, chromogranin A, pancytokeratin, E-cadherin, progesterone receptor,vimentin, α-1-antitrypsin, CD10, and β-catenin.RESULTS E-cadherin staining in NETs, and nuclear labeling of β-catenin in SPNs were the most sensitive and specific markers. Dot-like staining of chromogranin A might indicate the possibility of SPNs rather than NETs. The other six markers were not useful because their expression overlapped widely between NETs and SPNs. Moreover, two cases that had been initially diagnosed as NETs on the basis of their morphological features, demonstrated SPN-like immunohistochemical profiles. Careful diagnosis is crucial as we actually found two confusing cases showing disagreement between the tumor morphology and immunohistochemical profiles.CONCLUSION E-cadherin, chromogranin A, and β-catenin were the most useful markers which should be employed for differentiating between NET and SPN. | Yusuke Ohara Tatsuya Oda Shinji Hashimoto Yoshimasa Akashi Ryoichi Miyamoto Tsuyoshi Enomoto Kaishi Satomi Yukio Morishita Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，38： | 19 |
| 6 | Potentiality of immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),the predominant form of primary liver cancer,is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite the high incidence,treatment options remain limited for advanced HCC,and as a result prognosis continues to be poor. Current therapeutic options,surgery,chemotherapy and radiotherapy,have only modest efficacy. New treatment modalities to prolong survival and to minimize the risk of adverse response are desperately needed for patients with advanced HCC. Tumor immunotherapy is a promising,novel treatment strategy that may lead to improvements in both treatment-associated toxicity and outcome. The strategies have developed in part through genomic studies that have yielded candidate target molecules and in part through basic biology studies that have defined the pathways and cell types regulating immune response. Here,we summarize the various types of HCC immunotherapy and argue that the newfound field of HCC immunotherapy might provide critical advantages in the effort to improve prognosis of patients with advanced HCC. Already several immunotherapies,such as tumor-associated antigen therapy,immune checkpoint inhibitors and cell transfer immunotherapy,have demonstrated safety and feasibility in HCC patients. Unfortunately,immunotherapy currently has low efficacy in advanced stage HCC patients; overcoming this chal lenge will place immunotherapy at the forefront of HCC treatment,possibly in the near future. | Nobuhiro Tsuchiya Yu Sawada Itaru Endo Yasushi Uemura Tetsuya Nakatsura | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，36： | 19 |
| 7 | Human platelets inhibit liver fibrosis in severe combined immunodeficiency mice显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of human platelets in liver fibrosis.METHODS:Severe combined immunodeficiency(SCID)mice were administered CCl4and either phosphate-buffered saline(PBS group)or human platelet transfusions(hPLT group).Concentrations of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),matrix metallopeptidases(MMP)-9,and transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)in the liver tissue were compared between the PBS and the hPLT groups by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western blotting.The effects of a human platelet transfusion on liver fibrosis included the fibrotic area,hydroxyproline content,and-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)expression,which were evaluated by picrosirius red staining,ELISA,and immunohistochemical staining using an anti-mouse-SMA antibody,respectively.Phosphorylations of mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor(Met)and SMAD3,downstream signals of HGF and TGF-β,were compared between the two groups by Western blotting and were quantified using densitometry.Hepatocyte apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling.Furthermore,the accumulation of human platelets in the liver 2 h after platelet transfusion was compared between normal and fibrotic livers by immunohistochemical staining using an anti-human CD41 antibody.RESULTS:The fibrotic area and hydroxyproline content in the liver were both significantly lower in the hPLT group when compared to the PBS group(fibrotic area,1.7%±0.6%vs 2.5%±0.6%,P=0.03;hydroxyproline content,121±26 ng/g liver vs 156±47 ng/g liver,P=0.04).There was less α-smooth muscle actin staining in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(0.5%±0.1%vs 0.8%±0.3%,P=0.02).Hepatic expression levels of mouse HGF and MMP-9were significantly higher in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(HGF,109±13 ng/g liver vs 88±22 ng/g liver,P=0.03;MMP-9,113%±7%/GAPDH vs 92%±11%/GAPDH,P=0.04).In contrast,the concentration of mouse TGF-β in the liver tissue was significantly lower in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(22±5ng/g liver vs 39±6 ng/g liver,P=0.02).Phosphorylation of Met was more prevalent in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(37%±4%/GAPDH vs 20%±8%/GAPDH,P=0.03).Phosphorylation of SMAD3was weaker in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(60%±12%/GAPDH vs 84%±12%/GAPDH,P=0.1),although this difference was not significant.Furthermore,a lower rate of hepatocyte apoptosis was observed in the hPLT group than in the PBS group(5.9%±1.7%vs 2.9%±2.1%,P=0.02).Significant human platelet accumulation was observed in the fibrotic liver tissues,whereas few platelets accumulated in the normal liver.CONCLUSION:Human platelets inhibit liver fibrosis in SCID mice.Increased concentration of HGF in the liver suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation,induces MMPs,and inhibits hepatocyte apoptosis. | Kazuhiro Takahashi Soichiro Murata Kiyoshi Fukunaga Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，32： | 17 |
| 8 | Recent Advances in Researches on Physiologically Active Substances in Holothurians显示文摘In this report, we reviewed recent literature on physiologically active substances from sea cucumbers (SCs) andtheir activities together with results obtained from our study. Preventive properties against lipid metabolism were reported inrats using a whole SC preparation with no particular constituent specified. Administration of the preparation lowered serumand hepatic cholesterol levels and improved the HDL/LDL ratio. These functions may be attributed to the stimulatory effectof the extract on the secretion of cholesterol in feces. Novel fucosylated chondroitin sulfates (FCSs) from Ludwigothureagrisea significantly induced fibroblast growth factor 2-dependent angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HU-VECs). The proangiogenetic activity seemed attributable to the action of the sulfated fucose branches on the polysaccharide.SCs contain mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) that are capable of absorbing UV. A biogenetic precursor of MAAs wasfirst reported in SCs. The anti-proliferative effects of a branched chain fatty acid from a sea cucumber on prostate cancercells was reported with the activity of 5-lipoxygenase. Glycosphingolipid constituents in SCs have been systematically ana-lyzed over the past ten years. The results showed that the gangliosides in several SCs differed from those of mammals in thata sialic acid of SC gangliosides directly binded to glucose of cerebroside. Neuritogenic activity of the glycosphingolipids wasdemonstrated in vitro experiments and may lead to the development of therapeutic products for neurological disorders. Ourstudy also showed that sphingoid bases, the hydrolyzed products of glycosphingolipids from SCs, induced significant apoptosisin several tumor cell lines. | Hirata Takashi Zaima Nobuhiro Yamashita Kyoko Noguchi Ryoko XUE Changhu Sugawara Tatsuya | 2005 | Journal of Ocean University of China2005，4，3： | 14 |
| 9 | Nasogastric tube syndrome induced by an indwelling long intestinal tube显示文摘The nasogastric tube(NGT) has become a frequently used device to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms. Nasogastric tube syndrome(NTS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of an indwelling NGT. NTS is characterized by acute upper airway obstruction due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis. We report a case of a 76-year-old man with NTS, induced by an indwelling long intestinal tube. He was admitted to our hospital for treatment of sigmoid colon cancer. He underwent sigmoidectomy to release a bowel obstruction, and had a long intestinal tube inserted to decompress the intestinal tract. He presented acute dyspnea following prolonged intestinal intubation, and bronchoscopy showed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. The NGT was removed immediately, and tracheotomy was performed. The patient was finally discharged in a fully recovered state. NTS be considered in patients complaining of acute upper airway obstruction, not only with a NGT inserted but also with a long intestinal tube. | Naoki Sano Masayoshi Yamamoto Kentaro Nagai Keiichi Yamada Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，15： | 11 |
| 10 | 中国人与日本人β3肾上腺素能受体基因Trp64Arg突变的比较显示文摘目的 研究 β 3肾上腺素能受体 (β 3AR)基因Trp6 4Arg突变频率及其对体重、血脂、血压、心率及糖尿病发病的影响以及中日民族间的差异。方法 研究了 75 1例中国人该受体基因突变的临床特征 ,并与本文第一作者曾在日本做的研究进行了比较。中国人 :(1 )健康体检者 6 1 4人 ;(2 ) 2型糖尿病患者 1 37人。日本人 :(1 )居民 746人 ;(2 ) 2型糖尿病和 /或高脂血症的内分泌代谢病门诊患者 371人。均测定了身高、体重、血糖、血脂、肝功能。用PCR法扩增含有 β 3AR基因Trp6 4Arg片段 ,限制性内切酶消化 ,判断基因型。结果 (1 )中国人 β 3AR基因Trp6 4Arg平均突变率为 1 7.8% ,日本人为 2 1 .7% ,两国近似。 (2 )中国人的 β 3AR基因突变率随BMI增高而升高 ,女性肥胖组的基因频率与正常偏瘦组相比差异有显著意义 (P <0 .0 2 )。日本人无明显相关性。中国人该基因突变者的平均BMI与正常基因型相比均显著增高 ,(P分别 <0 .0 0 1与 0 .0 0 2 )。日本人则差异无显著意义。 (3)日本人的纯合子及中国人的杂合子及纯合子男性 β 3AR基因突变者的血胆固醇降低 ,差异有显著意义 ,(日本人P <0 .0 3。中国人P分别 <0 .0 0 1与 0 .0 0 5 )。 (4)日本人男性 β 3AR基因纯合子突变者的收缩压有增高的倾向 (P =0 .0 0 2 | 孙黎明 YokoIizuka ShunIshibashi Tananari Gotoda 赵蔚 刘铁群 王晓梅 曲建梅 于小静 刘雅卓 Nobuhiro Yamada | 2000 | 中华医学杂志2000，80，2： | 11 |
| 11 | Elevation of the glycated albumin to glycated hemoglobin ratio during the progression of hepatitis C virus related liver fibrosis显示文摘AIM: To analyze the relationship between the glycated albumin (GA) to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ratio and the histological grading of liver fibrosis.METHODS: The study retrospectively included consecutive hepatitis C virus positive chronic liver disease patients (n = 142) who had undergone percutaneous liver biopsy between January 2008 and March 2010 at our institution. The ratios of GA/HbA1c were calculated in all patients to investigate the relationship with the degree of the liver fibrosis. The values of the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), an excellent marker for the evaluation of liver fibrosis, were also calculated. In addition, we combined the ratio of GA/HbA1c and the APRI in order to improve our ability to detect the presence of significant liver fibrosis. RESULTS: Sixty-one (43%) patients had either no fibrosis or minimal fibrosis (METAVIR score: F0-F1), while 25 (17%) had intermediate fibrosis (F2). Fifty-six (39%) patients had severe fibrosis (F3-F4) and 27 of them had cirrhosis (F4). The mean values of the GA/HbA1c increased with the progression of the fibrosis (F0-1: 2.83 ± 0.24, F2: 2.85 ± 0.24, F3: 2.92 ± 0.35, F4: 3.14 ± 0.54). There was a significant dif- ference between the F0-F1 vs F4, F2 vs F4, and F3 vs F4 groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The GA/HbA1c ratio was significantly higher in the patients with cirrhosis (F4) than in those without cirrhosis (F0-F3) (3.14 ± 0.54 vs 2.85 ± 0.28, P < 0.0001). The GA/HbA1c ratio was also significantly higher in the patients with severe fibrosis (F3-F4) than in those without severe liver fibrosis (F0-F2) (3.03 ± 0.41 vs 2.84 ± 0.24, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the GA/ HbA1c ratio was also significantly higher in the patients with significant fibrosis (F2-F4) than in those without significant liver fibrosis (F0-F1) (2.98 ± 0.41 vs 2.83 ± 0.24, P < 0.001). The diagnostic performance of the increased GA/HbA1c ratio (> 3.0) was as follows: its sensitivity and specificity for the detection of liver cirrhosis (F4) were 59.3% and 70.4%, respectively and its sensitivity and specificity for the detection of severe liver fibrosis (F3-F4) were 50.0% and 74.4%,respectively. With regard to the detection of significant fibrosis (F2-F4), its sensitivity was 44.4% and its specificity was 77.0%. Although even the excellent marker APRI shows low sensitivity (25.9%) for distinguishing patients with or without significant fibrosis, the combination of the APRI and GA/HbA1c ratio increased the sensitivity up to 42.0%, with only a modest decrease in the specificity (from 90.2% to 83.6%). CONCLUSION: The GA/HbA1c ratio increased in line with the histological severity of liver fibrosis, thus suggesting that this ratio is useful as a supportive index of liver fibrosis. | Nobuhiro Aizawa Hirayuki Enomoto Hiroyasu Imanishi Masaki Saito Yoshinori Iwata Hironori Tanaka Naoto Ikeda Yoshiyuki Sakai Tomoyuki Takashima Takashi Iwai Ei-ichiro Moriwaki Soji Shimomura Hiroko Iijima Hideji Nakamura Shuhei Nishiguchi | 2012 | World Journal of Hepatology2012，4，1： | 10 |
| 12 | Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer显示文摘Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer can impair various organ functions and include neurologic, endocrine, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic, and ophthalmological syndromes, as well as glomerulopathy and coagulopathy(Trousseau's syndrome). The histological type of lung cancer is generally dependent on the associated syndrome, the two most common of which are humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in squamous cell carcinoma and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer. The symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the associated lung cancer, especially when the symptoms are neurologic or dermatologic. The proposed mechanisms of paraneoplastic processes include the aberrant release of humoral mediators, such as hormones and hormone-like peptides, cyto-kines, and antibodies. Treating the underlying cancer is generally the most effective therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes, and treatment soon after symptom onset appears to offer the best potential for symptom improvement. In this article, we review the diagnosis, potential mechanisms, and treatments of a wide variety of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. | Nobuhiro Kanaji Naoki Watanabe Nobuyuki Kita Shuji Bandoh Akira Tadokoro Tomoya Ishii Hiroaki Dobashi Takuya Matsunaga | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，3： | 10 |
| 13 | Quantitative evaluation of long-term liver repopulation and the reconstitution of bile ductules after hepatocellular transplantation显示文摘AIM: The treatment of liver disease is severely limited by a shortage of donor livers. In trying to address this growing problem, hepatocellular transplantation (HTx) has received much attention as an alternative to whole organ transplant.However, the expansion of transplanted cells is at low level,and the reconstitution of functional liver tissue is limited by this cellular property. We set up an animal model to better understand cell dose effect and the kinetics of liver repopulation following HTx.METHODS: Dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ (DPPIV)-deficient rats treated with retrorsine and subjected to partial hepatectomy were infused with DPPIV-positive hepatocytes. Rats were injected with varying numbers of donor hepatocytes down to 100 cells low, and liver repopulation was examined at different time points up to 20 mo long. Repopulation was assessed by computer-aided quantitative detection.RESULTS: Transplanted hepatocytes underwent multiple rounds of proliferation and stably repopulated the injured livers after 20 mo and at all cell doses. Transplanted cells divided 14 times within the 3-mo time period following infusion, and the liver repopulation reached a plateau between 3 and 20 mo. Approximately 90% replacement occurred. Donor-derived cells also reconstituted the bile ductules of the recipients.CONCLUSION: The ability of transplanted hepatocytes to fully reconstitute injured livers strongly supports further investigation into the clinical potential of HTx. Additionally,the observation that transplanted hepatocytes also form components of the biliary system suggests that these cells may have bi-potential property of the stem cells. | Yun-Wen Zheng Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Hideki Taniguchi | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，39： | 9 |
| 14 | Current trends in three-dimensional visualization and real-time navigation as well as robot-assisted technologies in hepatobiliary surgery显示文摘With the continuous development of digital medicine,minimally invasive precision and safety have become the primary development trends in hepatobiliary surgery.Due to the specificity and complexity of hepatobiliary surgery,traditional preoperative imaging techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging cannot meet the need for identification of fine anatomical regions.Imaging-based three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction,virtual simulation of surgery and 3D printing optimize the surgical plan through preoperative assessment,improving the controllability and safety of intraoperative operations,and in difficult-to-reach areas of the posterior and superior liver,assistive robots reproduce the surgeon’s natural movements with stable cameras,reducing natural vibrations.Electromagnetic navigation in abdominal surgery solves the problem of conventional surgery still relying on direct visual observation or preoperative image assessment.We summarize and compare these recent trends in digital medical solutions for the future development and refinement of digital medicine in hepatobiliary surgery. | Yun Wang Di Cao Si-Lin Chen Yu-Mei Li Yun-Wen Zheng Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2021，13，9： | 8 |
| 15 | 重型柴油机用新型废气再循环系统显示文摘重型废气涡轮增压柴油机用涡轮增压器的总效率比轿车用小型增压器的高。由于进气歧管压力比废气压力高,所以其废气再循环困难。IHI公司为重型柴油机中的废气再循环研制了一种新型涡轮增压器,其压气机侧有一个再循环通道与在增压器进口处的狭窄环形切槽连接,此处的静压力比进气歧管处的低。装用此涡轮增压器的JIS柴油机的13工况试验结果表明:无需明显牺牲燃油耗就能降低26%的NO_x排放量。 | Takayuki Yamada Nobuyuki Ikeya Nobuhiro Kondoh 段缨 | 2002 | 国外内燃机2002，34，2： | 8 |
| 16 | Antithrombin reduces reperfusion-induced hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells显示文摘瞄准:检验是否反凝血酵素(在) 能阻止导致的肝的 ischemia/reperfusion (I/R ) 由禁止肿瘤的肝的转移在老鼠的 E-selectin 的坏死因素(TNF )-alpha-induced 表示。方法:肝的 I/R 被夹钳门静脉和肝的动脉的左分支在老鼠和老鼠导致。癌症房间 intrasplenically 被注射。变形小瘤的数字被依靠在 I/R 以后的白天 7。在肝的织物,浆液纤维蛋白原降级产品和肝的织物的 TNF-alpha 和 E-selectin mRNA 6-keto-PGF (1alpha ) 铺平, PGI2 的稳定的代谢物,被测量。结果:在肿瘤房间的肝的转移和在受到肝的 I/R 的动物的 TNF-alpha 和 E-selectin 的肝的织物 mRNA 层次的禁止的增加。Argatroban,一个凝血酵素禁止者,没压制任何这些变化。在并且 argatroban 禁止了 I/R-induced 凝结畸形。6-keto-PGF (1alpha ) 的肝的织物层次的 I/R-induced 增加显著地被提高由在。有消炎痛的预告的处理完全颠倒了效果在。OP-2507 的管理,稳定的 PGI2 类似于那些的模拟、显示出的效果在在这个模型。在受到肝的 I/R 的先天的在缺乏的老鼠的肝的转移显著地与在野类型的老鼠观察了那相比被增加。管理在显著地在先天的在缺乏的老鼠减少了肝的转移的数字。结论:在由通过 PGI2 的内皮生产的增加禁止 E-selectin 的 TNF-alpha-induced 表示的结肠癌房间的力量还原剂 I/R-induced 肝的转移。这些调查结果也提起可能性如果在肝肿瘤的切除术期间管理了,在力量阻止肿瘤房间的肝的转移。 | Masanao Kurata Kenji Okajima Toru Kawamoto Mitsuhiro Uchiba Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Excessive portal flow causes graft failure in extremely small-for-size liver transplantation in pigs显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effects of a portocaval shunt on the decrease of excessive portal flow for the prevention of sinusoidal microcirculatory injury in extremely smallfor-size liver transplantation in pigs.METHODS: The right lateral lobe of pigs, i.e. the 25%of the liver, was transplanted orthotopically. The pigs were divided into two groups: graft without portocaval shunt (n = 11) and graft with portocaval shunt (n=11).Survival rate, portal flow, hepatic arterial flow, and histological findings were investigated.RESULTS: In the group without portocaval shunt, all pigs except one died of liver dysfunction within 24 h after transplantation. In the group with portocaval shunt,eight pigs survived for more than 4 d. The portal flow volumes before and after transplantation in the group without portocaval shunt were 118.2±26.9 mL/min/100 g liver tissue and 270.5±72.9 mL/min/100 g liver tissue,respectively. On the other hand, in the group with portocaval shunt, those volumes were 124.2±27.8 mL/min/100 g liver tissue and 42.7±32.3 mL/min/100 g liver tissue, respectively (P<0.01). As for histological findings in the group without portocaval shunt, destruction of the sinusoidal lining and bleeding in the peri-portal areas were observed after reperfusion, but these findings were not recognized in the group with portocaval shunt.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that excessive portal flow is attributed to post transplant liver dysfunction after extreme small-for-size liver transplantation caused by sinusoidal microcirculatory injury. | Hong-Sheng Wang Nobuhiro Ohkohchi Yoshitaka Enomoto Masahiro Usuda Shigehito Miyagi Takeshi Asakura Hiroo Masuoka Takashi Aiso Keisuke Fukushima Tomohiro Narita Hideyuki Yamaya Atsushi Nakamura Satoshi Sekiguchi Naoki Kawagishi Akira Sato Susumu Satomi | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 8 |
| 18 | Coexistence of esophageal superficial carcinoma and multiple leiomyomas:A case report显示文摘平滑肌瘤是食管的最普通的良性瘤。他们通常作为单个损害或作为二或三个小瘤发生。仅仅包括超过 10 个小瘤的食道的多重平滑肌瘤的二个案例以前被报导了。而且,有食道的有鳞的房间癌覆闷死粘膜下层肿瘤的很少报告。我们描述作为有表面的食道的癌症与二或三个平滑肌瘤小瘤共存被诊断的一个 71 岁的人。在外科期间, 10 或一直不外科手术前地是明显的更多的小瘤在整个食管在粘膜下层和肌层是摸得出的。当食道的癌症的内部转移被怀疑,我们认为另外的淋巴是腺切除术,但是因为病人的严重血缺氧,不得不排除这种选择。显微镜检查表明所有小瘤是平滑肌瘤(20 损害,在直径的多达 3 厘米) ,并且癌房间的那侵略被限制到粘膜下层层 overlying 一个相对大的平滑肌瘤。这是与众多的独居的平滑肌瘤共存的表面的食道的癌症的第一份报告。多重极小的平滑肌瘤经常也在一个癌损害罐头的底作为内部转移,和一个平滑肌瘤被误诊作为肿瘤侵略被误诊。现在的案例证明那精确诊断与共存为病人的管理被要求表面的食道的癌症和多重平滑肌瘤。 | Takeshi Iwaya Chihaya Maesawa Noriyuki Uesugi Toshimoto Kimura Kenichiro Ikeda Yusuke Kimura Shingo Mitomo Kaoru Ishida Nobuhiro Sato Go Wakabayashi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 7 |
| 19 | Three-dimensional imaging identified the accessory bile duct in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘The development of diagnostic imaging technology, such as multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP), has made it possible to obtain detailed images of the bile duct. Recent reports have indicated that a 3-dimensional(3D) reconstructed imaging system would be useful for understanding the liver anatomy before surgery. We have investigated a novel method that fuses MDCT and MRCP images. This novel system easily made it possible to detect the anatomical relationship between the vessels and bile duct in the portal hepatis. In this report, we describe a very rare case of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with an accessory bile duct from the caudate lobe connecting with the intrapancreatic bile duct. We were unable to preoperatively detect this accessory bile duct using MDCT and MRCP. However, prior to the second operation, we were able to clearly visualise the injured accessory bile duct using our novel 3D imaging modality. In thisreport, we suggest that this imaging technique can be considered a novel and useful modality for understanding the anatomy of the portal hepatis, including the hilar bile duct. | Ryoichi Miyamoto Yukio Oshiro Shinji Hashimoto Keisuke Kohno Kiyoshi Fukunaga Tatsuya Oda Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，32： | 6 |
| 20 | Influence of Kupffer cells and platelets on ischemia-reperfusion injury in mild steatotic liver显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of mild steatotic liver on ischemia-reperfusion injury by focusing on Kupffer cells (KCs) and platelets. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into a normal liver group (N group) and a mild steatotic liver group (S group) induced by feeding a choline-deficient diet for 2 wk. Both groups were subjected to 20 min of warm ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The number of labeled KCs and platelets in sinusoids and the blood perfusion in sinusoids were observed by intravital microscopy (IVM), which was performed at 30, 60 and 120 min after reperfusion. To evaluate serum alanine aminotransferase as a marker of liver deterioration, blood samples were taken at the same time as IVM.RESULTS: In the S group, the number of platelets adhering to KCs decreased significantly compared with the N group (120 after reperfusion; 2.9±1.1 cells/acinus vs 4.8±1.2 cells/acinus, P<0.01). The number of KCs in sinusoids was significantly less in the S group than in the N group throughout the observation periods (before ischemia, 19.6±3.3 cells/acinus vs 28.2±4.1 cells/acinus, P<0.01 and 120 min after reperfusion, 29.0±4.3 cells/acinus vs 40.2±3.3 cells/acinus, P<0.01). The blood perfusion of sinusoids 120 min after reperfusion was maintained in the S group more than in the N group. Furthermore, elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase was lower in the S group than in the N group 120 min after reperfusion (99.7±19.8 IU/L vs 166.3±61.1 IU/L, P=0.041), and histological impairment of hepatocyte structure was prevented in the S group. CONCLUSION: Ischemia-reperfusion injury in mild steatotic liver was attenuated compared with normal liver due to the decreased number of KCs and the reduction of the KC-platelet interaction. | Koichi Ogawa Tadashi Kondo Takafumi Tamura Hideki Matsumura Kiyoshi Fukunaga Tatsuya Oda Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，9： | 6 |
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