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| 1 | Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders显示文摘Deep brain stimulation(DBS) is emerging as a pow-erful tool for the alleviation of targeted symptoms in treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the expanding use of neuropsychiatric DBS, the mecha-nisms responsible for its effects are only starting to be elucidated. Several modalities such as quantitative elec-troencephalography as well a intraoperative recordings have been utilized to attempt to understand the under-pinnings of this new treatment modality, but functional imaging appears to offer several unique advantages. Functional imaging techniques like positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomog-raphy and functional magnetic resonance imaging have been used to examine the effects of focal DBS on activ-ity in a distributed neural network. These investigations are critical for advancing the field of invasive neuro-modulation in a safe and effective manner, particularly in terms of defining the neuroanatomical targets and refining the stimulation protocols. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current functional neuroim-aging findings from neuropsychiatric DBS implantation for three disorders: treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Tourette syndrome. All of the major targets will be discussed(Nucleus ac-cumbens, anterior limb of internal capsule, subcallosal cingulate, Subthalamic nucleus, Centromedial nucleus of the thalamus-Parafasicular complex, frontal pole, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). We will also address some apparent inconsistencies within this literature, and suggest potential future directions for this promis-ing area. | Nolan R Williams Joseph J Taylor Kayla Lamb Colleen A Hanlon E Baron Short Mark S George | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，10： | 6 |
| 2 | Refining pathological evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus显示文摘AIM:To assess tumour regression grade(TRG)and lymph node downstaging to help define patients who benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS:Two hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction treated with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery between 2005and 2011 at a single institution were reviewed.Triplet neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of platinum,fluoropyrimidine and anthracycline was considered for operable patients(World Health Organization performance status≤2)with clinical stage T2-4 N0-1.Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)was assessed using TRG,as described by Mandard et al.In addition lymph node downstaging was also assessed.Lymph node downstaging was defined by cN1 at diagnosis:assessed radiologically(computed tomography,positron emission tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography),then pathologically recorded as N0 after surgery;ypN0 if NAC given prior to surgery,or pN0if surgery alone.Patients were followed up for 5 years post surgery.Recurrence was defined radiologically,with or without pathological confirmation.An association was examined between t TRG and lymph node downstaging with disease free survival(DFS)and a comprehensive range of clinicopathological characteristics.RESULTS:Two hundred and eighteen patients underwent esophageal resection during the study interval with a mean follow up of 3 years(median follow up:2.552,95%CI:2.022-3.081).There was a 1.8%(n=4)inpatient mortality rate.One hundred and thirty-six(62.4%)patients received NAC,with 74.3%(n=101)of patients demonstrating some signs of pathological tumour regression(TRG 1-4)and 5.9%(n=8)having a complete pathological response.Forty four point one percent(n=60)had downstaging of their nodal disease(cN1 to ypN0),compared to only 15.9%(n=13)that underwent surgery alone(pre-operatively overstaged:cN1 to pN0),(P<0.0001).Response to NAC was associated with significantly increased DFS(mean DFS;TRG 1-2:5.1years,95%CI:4.6-5.6 vs TRG 3-5:2.8 years,95%CI:2.2-3.3,P<0.0001).Nodal down-staging conferred a significant DFS advantage for those patients with a poor primary tumour response to NAC(median DFS;TRG 3-5 and nodal down-staging:5.533 years,95%CI:3.558-7.531 vs TRG 3-5 and no nodal down-staging:1.114 years,95%CI:0.961-1.267,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION:Response to NAC in the primary tumour and in the lymph nodes are both independently associated with improved DFS. | Fergus Noble Luke Nolan Adrian C Bateman James P Byrne Jamie J Kelly Ian S Bailey Donna M Sharland Charlotte N Rees Timothy J Iveson Tim J Underwood Andrew R Bateman | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 4 |
| 3 | Role of zinc during hamster sperm capacitation显示文摘 | Andrews J C Nolan J P Hammerstedt R H | 1994 | Biology of Reproduction1994，51，： | 1 |
| 4 | The Constructive, Destructive, and Reconstructive Power of Social Norms 显示文摘 | Schuhz P W Nolan J M Cialdini R B | 2007 | Psychological Science2007，18，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Managing the computer resource: A stage hypothesis 显示文摘 | Nolan R L | 1973 | Communications of the ACM1973，16，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Quantification of mRNA using real-time RT-PCR 显示文摘 | Nolan T Hands R E Bustin S A | 2006 | Nat Protoc2006，1，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Hippocampus NCAM 180 transiently increases sialylation during the acquisition and consolidation of a passive avoidance response in the adult rat显示文摘 | Doyle E Nolan PM Bell R | 1992 | J Neurosci Res1992，31，： | 1 |
| 8 | Dysembryoplasticneuroepithelial tumors in childhood: long-term outcome andprognostic features 显示文摘 | Nolan MA Sakuta R Chuang N | 2004 | Nerology2004，62，： | 1 |
| 9 | 2006, Quantification of mRNA using Real-time RT-PCR显示文摘 | Nolan T Hands R E Bustin S A | 2006 | Nature Protocols2006，1，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Proof of irrtmumzation status reguired for school entry显示文摘 | LESTER R NOLAN T | 1993 | Med J Austr1993，，159： | 1 |
| 11 | Inhibited neutrophil apoptosis:proteasome dependent NF-kappaB translocation is required for TRAF1 synthesis显示文摘 | Nolan B Kim R Duffy A | 2000 | Shock2000，14，： | 1 |
| 12 | Managing information system by committee 显示文摘 | Nolan R L | 1982 | Harvard Business Review1982，60，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Managing the computer resources: A stage hypothesis显示文摘 | | 1973 | Communications of the ACM1973，16，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Prospective study of heart rate variability and mortality in chronic heart failure: results of the United Kingdom Heart Failure Evaluation and Assessment of Risk Trial (UK-heart)显示文摘 | Nolan J Batin PD Andrews R | 1998 | Circulation1998，98，15： | 1 |
| 15 | Catecholamines and aggression: the role of COMT and MAO polymorphisms显示文摘 | VALAVKA J BILDER R NOLAN K | 2004 | Ann N Y Acad Sci2004，12，： | 1 |
| 16 | Widespread sexual disruption in wild fish 显示文摘 | Jobling S Nolan M Tyler C R | 1998 | Environmental Science and Technology1998，32，17： | 1 |
| 17 | Characterisation of the legume SERK-NIK gene superfamily including splice variants:Implications for development and defence显示文摘 | NOLAN K E KURDYUKOV S ROSE R J | 2011 | BMC Plant Biology2011，11，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Epigenetics and gene expression 显示文摘 | Gibney E R Nolan C M | 2010 | Heredity2010，105，： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of dietary nitrate on fermentation, methane pro- duction and digesta kinetics in sheep 显示文摘 | NOLAN J V HEGARTY R S HEGARTY J | 2010 | Animal Pro- duction Science2010，50，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Widespread sexual disruption in wild fish显示文摘 | Jobling S Nolan M Tyler C R | 1998 | Environmental Science & Technology1998，32，17： | 1 |
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