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| 1 | 2015年全国细菌耐药监测报告显示文摘为贯彻落实《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》,加强医疗机构抗菌药物临床应用的监督和管理,国家卫生计生委合理用药专家委员会和全国细菌耐药监测网日前发布了《2015年全国细菌耐药监测报告》,现予全文刊登,以促进合理用药,提高抗菌药物临床应用水平。 | Committee of Experts on Rational Drug Use, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the P.R.China | 2016 | 中国执业药师2016，0，3： | 206 |
| 2 | The Assessment and Utilization of Straw Resources in China显示文摘The study was undertaken to evaluate the collectable and usable volume of existing straw resources, its suitability for different ways of utilization and fully reorganization of its development potential in China. Based on the results on the stubble heights of major crops in the Huang-Huai-Hai area (the area along the Yellow River, Huai River, and Hai River), the evaluation of the collectable and usable coefficients, and the collectable and usable volumes of various straw resources in China were worked out during 2005. The respective collectable and usable volumes of straw resources were worked out on the basis of suitability as fuel, feed, fertilizer, and base material for edible mushrooms. The total collectable and utilizable quantity of straw in China was 685 950 000 t, and the mean collection coefficient was 0.81 during 2005. The quantity of straw residue and wasted straw accounted for 19%. The collectable and utilizable quantities of grain, cash crop, and other crop straw were 492 310 000, 162 610 000, and 31 030 000 t which accounted for 71.77, 23.71, and 4.52%, respectively of the total collectable and utilizable quantity of straw. The quantity of straw which could be used as fuel was 635 000 000 t, which accounted for 92.63% of total quantity of the straw in the country during 2005. Among the total quantity of collectable and utilizable straw in China during 2005, the quantities of straw suitable and unsuitable for being processed as feedstuff were 587 640 000 and 98 310 000 t, which accounted for 85.67 and 14.33%, respectively. The quantity of straw residue returned to the field and collectable and utilizable straw for direct field restoration was 616 000 000 t, which accounted for about three-fourths of the total straw yield, while the quantity of straw for cultivation of edible mushrooms and industrial processing was about 587 000 000 t, which accounted for more than 85% of the total collectable and utilizable straw. The evaluation results indicate that the collectable and utilizable quantity of straw in China is abundant and suitable for many purposes. | WANG Ya-jing, BI Yu-yun and GAO Chun-yu Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China | 2010 | Agricultural Sciences in China2010，9，12： | 53 |
| 3 | Composition Operators on the Bloch Space of Several Complex Variables | Jihuai Shi Luo Luo Department of Mathematics,University of Science and Technology of China,Heifei 230036,P.R.China Fax:(0551)3631760 | 2000 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series2000，16，1： | 43 |
| 4 | Treatment outcomes for different subgroups of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy显示文摘Although many studies have investigated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),sample sizes in the reported studies are usually small and different in outcomes in different T and N subgroups are seldom analyzed.Herein,we evaluated the outcomes of NPC patients treated with IMRT and further explored treatment strategy to improve such outcome.We collected clinical data of 865 NPC patients treated with IMRT alone or in combination with chemotherapy,and classified all cases into the following prognostic categories according to different TNM stages:early stage group (T1-2N0-1M0),advanced local disease group (T3-4N0-1M0),advanced nodal disease group (T1-2N2-3M0),and advanced locoregional disease group (T3-4N2-3M0).The 5-year overall survival (OS),local relapse-free survival (LRFS),and distant metastases-free survival (DMFS) were 83.0%,90.4%,and 84.0%,respectively.The early disease group had the lowest treatment failure rate,with a 5-year OS of 95.6%.The advanced local disease group and advanced nodal disease group had similar failure pattern and treatment outcomes as well as similar hazard ratios for death (4.230 and 4.625,respectively).The advanced locoregional disease group had the highest incidence of relapse and death,with a 5-year DMFS and OS of 62.3% and 62.2%,respectively,and a hazard ratio for death of 10.402.Comparing with IMRT alone,IMRT in combination with chemotherapy provided no significant benefit to locoregionally advanced NPC.Our results suggest that the decision of treatment strategy for NPC patients should consider combinations of T and N stages,and that IMRT alone for early stage NPC patients can produce satisfactory results.However,for advanced local,nodal,and locoregional disease groups,a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is recommended. | Sheng-Fa Su 1,2,3,Fei Han 1,2,Chong Zhao 1,2,Ying Huang 1,2,Chun-Yan Chen 1,2,Wei-Wei Xiao 1,2,Jia-Xin Li 1,2 and Tai-Xiang Lu 1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,P.R.China 2 Department of Radiation Oncology,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510060,P.R.China 3 Department of Oncology,Guiyang Medical College Hospital,Tumor Hospital of Guizhou,Guiyang,Guizhou 550003,P.R.China. | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2011，30，8： | 40 |
| 5 | Max-Min Adaptive Ant Colony Optimization Approach to Multi-UAVs Coordinated Trajectory Replanning in Dynamic and Uncertain Environments显示文摘Multiple Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (multi-UAVs) coordinated trajectory replanning is one of the most complicatedglobal optimum problems in multi-UAVs coordinated control. Based on the construction of the basic model of multi-UAVscoordinated trajectory replanning, which includes problem description, threat modeling, constraint conditions, coordinatedfunction and coordination mechanism, a novel Max-Min adaptive Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) approach is presented indetail. In view of the characteristics of multi-UAVs coordinated trajectory replanning in dynamic and uncertain environments,the minimum and maximum pheromone trails in ACO are set to enhance the searching capability, and the point pheromone isadopted to achieve the collision avoidance between UAVs at the trajectory planner layer. Considering the simultaneous arrivaland the air-space collision avoidance, an Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) is decided first. Then the trajectory and flight velocityof each UAV are determined. Simulation experiments are performed under the complicated combating environment containingsome static threats and popup threats. The results demonstrate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach. | Hai-bin Duan,Xiang-yin Zhang,Jiang Wu,Guan-jun MaSchool of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,P.R.China | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，2： | 33 |
| 6 | Land Use/Land Cover Change(LUCC) and Eco-Environment Response to LUCC in Farming-Pastoral Zone,China显示文摘In order to understand land use/land cover changes(LUCC) and the eco-environment response to LUCC in farming-pastoral zone of the northern China during the recent twenty years,Baotou prefecture was selected as a case study area for investigation and quantitative evaluation.Technologies of remote sensing(RS),global positioning system(GPS),geographic information system(GIS),and other statistical methods were employed to implement.Results showed that:(1) During the recent twenty years,the areas of forest lands,grasslands and water were reduced,whereas the areas of other types were enlarged.Parts of forest lands,grasslands,and waters had become farmlands,and about 31.5% of the changed grasslands transferred into unused lands.The newly increased farmlands mainly came from grasslands and unused lands.And the newly increased construction lands mainly came from grasslands and farmlands.(2) Regional eco-environmental quality decreased by 12.6%,for which the land degradation(especially the meadow degeneration) and the developing of the cultivated land were mainly responsible,and their contributions to the regional eco-environment changes were 51.84 and 23.63% respectively.(3) The tendency of LUCC and the eco-environment response to LUCC displayed spatial heterogeneity.It can be concluded that the present agricultural production mode was not sustainable in farming-pastoral zone of northern China.Land degradation,especially meadow degradation induced by over-trampling and overgrazing,and developing of cultivated land were mainly responsible for regional eco-environment deterioration.Changing the cultivated land to forest or grass,however,can relieve deterioration of local eco-environment to some extents.And in the farming-pastoral zone in the northern China,evaluating regional eco-environment responses to LUCC was very necessary due to its fragile eco-environments. | HAO Hui-mei and REN Zhi-yuan College of Tourism and Environmental Science,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,P.R.China | 2009 | Agricultural Sciences in China2009，8，1： | 32 |
| 7 | Kinematics Modeling and Experiments of Pectoral Oscillation Propulsion Robotic Fish显示文摘A robotic fish driven by oscillating fins, 'Cownose Ray-I', is developed, which is in dorsoventrally flattened shape withouta tail. The robotic fish is composed of a body and two lateral fins. A three-factor kinematic model is established and used in thedesign of a mechanism. By controlling the three kinematic parameters, the robotic fish can accelerate and maneuver. Forwardvelocity is dependent on the largest amplitude and the number of waves in the fins, while the relative contribution of fin beatfrequency to the forward velocity of the robotic fish is different from the usual result. On the other hand, experimental results onmaneuvering show that phase difference has a stronger effect on swerving than the largest amplitude to some extent. In addition,as propulsion waves pass from the trailing edge to the leading edge, the robotic fish attains a backward velocity of 0. 15 m·s-1. | Shao-bo Yang,Jing Qiu,Xiao-yun HanInstitute of Mechatronical Engineering and Automatization,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,P.R.China | 2009 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2009，6，2： | 25 |
| 8 | Calderón-Zygmund-Type Operators on Weighted Weak Hardy Spaces over R^n | Tongseng Quek Department of Mathematics,National University of Singapore,Singapore 119260,Republic of SingaporeDachun Yang~* Department of Mathematics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,P.R.China | 2000 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series2000，16，1： | 26 |
| 9 | Effects of Soil Water Content on Cotton Root Growth and Distribution Under Mulched Drip Irrigation显示文摘The relation between soil water content and the growth of cotton root was studied for the scheme of field water and cotton yield under mulched drip irrigation. Based on the field experiments, three treatments of soil water content were conducted with 90%θf, 75%θf, and 60%θf (θf is field water capacity). Cotton roots and root-shoot ratio were studied with digging method, and the soil moisture was observed with TDR (time domain reflector), and cotton yield was measured. The results indicated that the growth of cotton root accorded with Logistic growth curve in the three treatments, the cotton root grew quickly and its weight was very high under 75%θf because of the suitable soil water condition, while grew slowly and its weight was lower under 90%θf due to water moisture beyond the suitable condition, and the root weight was in between under 60%θf. For the three water treatments, the cotton root weight decreased with soil depth, and decreased more significantly in deeper soil layer with the soil moisture increasing. And the ratio of cotton root weight in 0-30 cm soil layer to the total root weight was the highest under 75%θf. The cotton root system was distributed mainly in the soil of narrow row and wide row mulched with plastic film, and little in the soil outside plastic film. The weight of cotton root was the highest in the soil of narrow row or wide row mulched with plastic film under 75%θf. Root-shoot ratio decreased with the soil moisture increasing. The soil water content affected cotton yields, and cotton yield was the highest under 75%θf. The higher soil moisture level is unfavorable to the growth of cotton root system and yield of cotton under mulched drip irrigation. | HU Xiao-tang, CHEN Hu, WANG Jing, MENG Xiao-bin and CHEN Fu-hong Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P.R.China | 2009 | Agricultural Sciences in China2009，8，6： | 24 |
| 10 | Effects of Meat and Phosphate Level on Water-Holding Capacity and Texture of Emulsion-Type Sausage During Storage显示文摘This paper was designed to verify the influence of phosphate on water-holding capacity (WHC) and texture of emulsiontype sausage prepared with pre-rigor meat,ageing meat or frozen meat.Pre-rigor pork,ageing pork and frozen pork were pre-blended with five levels of phosphate and made into emulsion-type sausage.The yield,hardness and total expressible fluid (TEF) were measured with texture profile analysis machine and pressiometer when emulsion-type sausage was produced.Meanwhile,hardness and purge loss (PL) were measured during 30 d storage.As emusion-type sausage made by pre-rigor meat,higher yield and relatively stable hardness could be found.It indicated that increasing of phosphate level caused an alleviatable effects in increasing of hardness when emulsion-type sausage made by pre-rigor meat,but opposite effects made by ageing meat or frozen meat.The distribution of PL of emulsion-type sausage was found to be affected by phosphate addition.Significant decrease of PL could not be obtained by increasing of phosphate level during storage.Pre-rigor meat improved WHC and texture of emulsion-type sausage.Problem of WHC and texture of emulsiontype sausage during storage could not be resolved by single use of phosphate at relatively higher level (3%) of NaCl. | WANG Peng,XU Xing-lian and ZHOU Guang-hong Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control,Ministry of Education/Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,P.R.China | 2009 | Agricultural Sciences in China2009，8，12： | 24 |
| 11 | Weighted Boundedness for a Class of Rough Multilinear Operators | Yong DING Shan Zhen LU Department of Mathematics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,P.R.China E-mail:dingy@bnu.edu.cn lusz@bnu.edn.cn | 2001 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series2001，17，3： | 24 |
| 12 | Identification of differentially expressed genes in normal mucosa,adenoma and adenocarcinoma of colon by SSH显示文摘AIM To construct subtracted cDNA libraries and further identify differentially expressed genes that are related to the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC).``METHODS Suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH)was done on cDNAs of normal mucosa, adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissues from the same patient. Three subtracted cDNA libraries were constructed and then hybridized with forward and backward subtracted probes for differential screening. Positive clones from each subtracted cDNA library were selected for sequencing and BLAST analysis. Finally, virtual Northern Blot confirmed such differential expression.``RESULTS By this way, there were about 3 -4× l02clones identified in each subtracted cDNA library, in which about 85% positive clones were differentially screened. Sequencing and BLAST homology search revealed some clones containing sequences of known gene fragments and several possibly novel genes showing few or no sequence homologies with any known sequences in the database.``CONCLUSION All results confirmed the effectiveness and sensitivity of SSH. The differentially expressed genes during the development of CRC can be used to shed light on the pathogenesis of CRC and be useful genetic markers for early diagnosis and therapy. | Min-Jie Luo Mao-De Lai Department of Pathology,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310031,P.R.China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，5： | 22 |
| 13 | NEW METHOD OF SIMULATING CONCENTRATED DRAIN HOLES IN SEEPAGE CONTROL ANALYSIS显示文摘In this paper, based upon the basic solution of sink, the approximate solution of single drain hole in finite elements is derived by use of the superposition principle. Then, the theoretical solution is extended to the case of some drain holes in one finite element, and the method is used in seepage control analysis with quick convergence and high accuracy. On the other hand, if the positions of the drain holes are changed, only some control factors of drain holes are changed, but the finite element grid need not to be reformed. Therefore, the method is more suitable in optimal research of seepage control. | Zhan Mei li, Su Bao yu , Liu Jun yong, Shen Zhen zhong College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, P.R.China (Received Aug.1, 1998) | 1999 | Journal of Hydrodynamics1999，11，3： | 22 |
| 14 | Immune Responses to the Attenuated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168 Strain Vaccine by Intrapulmonic Immunization in Piglets显示文摘To investigate the immune responses to the attenuated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168 strain vaccine, 8-15 d old piglets were immunized with M. hyopneumoniae 168 strain vaccine by intrapulmonic route. And the specific IgG antibody in serum, lymphoproliferation, IFNγ, and specific secretory IgA (SIgA) antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected on 30 and 60 d post-immunization (DPI), respectively. On 60 DPI, all the pigs except for those in health control group were challenged with a field M. hyopneumoniae strain JS. Necropsy was performed on 30 d post-challenge (DPC). The results showed that IFNγ and specific SIgA were stimulated on surface of respiratory tract after immunization. And peripheral blood mononuclear cells could also be proliferated about 1.81 and 2.12 fold on 30 and 60 DPI when stimulated by M. hyopneumoniae protein in vitro. However, no serum IgG antibody against M. hyopneumoniae was detected during the whole immune phage. After challenge, vaccinated pigs were observed with only very slight histological lesion in individual lobes. None of vaccinated pigs showed any clinical signs. While the unvaccinated pigs from challenge control group showed varying degrees of clinical sign and severe macroscopical lesion of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (MPS). The result suggested that the attenuated M. hyopneumoniae 168 strain vaccine inoculated by intrapulmonic route could activate the systemic cellular immunity, the local mucosal immunity and IFNγ secretion in respiratory tract to against M. hyopneumoniae infection in piglets. | FENG Zhi-xin, SHAO Guo-qing, LIU Mao-jun, WU Xu-su, ZHOU Yong-qi and GAN Yuan Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, P.R.China | 2010 | Agricultural Sciences in China2010，9，3： | 22 |
| 15 | 血管内皮生长因子-C、-D与肿瘤淋巴道转移研究进展显示文摘恶性肿瘤淋巴道转移的机制和抗肿瘤淋巴道转移的治疗是目前的研究热点之一,不少研究表明血管内皮生长因子-C(vascularendothelialgrowthfactor-C,VEGF-C)和血管内皮生长因子-D(VEGF-D)与恶性肿瘤的淋巴道转移密切相关。本文主要综述VEGF-C、VEGF-D的结构、功能特点、在肿瘤淋巴道转移中的可能机制及由此而引发出的抗肿瘤淋巴道转移治疗的有关进展。 | LI Qiu li, CHEN Fu jingDepartment of Head &Neck,Cancer Center,Sun Yat sen University,Guangzhou 510060,P.R.China | 2002 | 癌症2002，21，6： | 22 |
| 16 | Continuity of Higher Order Commutators on Certain Hardy Spaces | DING Yong LU Shan Zhen Department of Mathematics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875.P.R.China E-mail:dingy@bnu.edu.cn lusz@bnu.edu.cnZHANG Pu Department of Mathematics.Zhejiang University(at Xixi Campus).Hangzhou 310028,P.R.China,E-mail:zhpjj@263,net | 2002 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series2002，18，2： | 21 |
| 17 | Design and Experiments of a Robotic Fish Imitating Cow-Nosed Ray显示文摘The cow-nosed ray is studied as natural sample of a flapping-foil robotic fish.Body structure, motion discipline, and dynamicfoil deformation of cow-nosed ray are analyzed.Based on the analysis results, a robotic fish imitating cow-nosed ray,named Robo-ray Ⅱ, mainly composed of soft body, flexible ribs and pneumatic artificial muscles, is developed.Structure andswimming morphology of the robotic prototype are as that of a normal cow-nosed ray in nature.Key propulsion parameters ofRobo-ray Ⅱ at normal conditions, including the St Number at linear swimming, thrust coefficient at towing are studied throughexperiments.The suitable driving parameters are confirmed considering the efficiency and swimming velocity.Swimmingvelocity of 0.16 m·s-1’and thrust coefficient of 0.56 in maximum are achieved in experiments. | Yueri Cai,Shusheng Bi,Licheng Zheng Robotics Institute,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,P.R.China | 2010 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2010，7，2： | 20 |
| 18 | APPLYING PPE MODEL BASED ON RAGA TO CLASSIFYAND EVALUATE SOIL GRADE显示文摘The research of soil classification and soil grade evaluation is often based on fuzzy theory. So, the traditional method has an inevitable problem about weight matrix which given by some experts, and the final result can be influenced by artificial factors. The essentials of fuzzy synthetically judge is to handle the data of high dimension. That is to reducing the dimension number. The weight matrix in fuzzy theory is corresponding to low dimension projection value of each index. But we can′t define whether the weight matrix given by experts is the best projection value or not. So, the authors apply a new technique of falling dimension named projection pursuit to soil study, through using the improved real coding based accelerating genetic algorithm to optimize the projection direction. Thus, it can transfer multi dimension data into one dimension data, through searching for the optimum projection direction to realize the soil classification and its grade evaluation. The method can avoid the artificial disturbance, and acquire preferably effect. Thus, the paper provides a new method to the research of soil classification and grade evaluation. | FU Qiang1,2, LU Tie guang2, FU Hong2(1. College of Hydraulic Power, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P.R.China 2. Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China) | 2002 | Chinese Geographical Science2002，12，2： | 19 |
| 19 | Effects on Sucrose Metabolism,Dry Matter Distribution and Fruit Quality of Tomato Under Water Deficit显示文摘Four irrigation treatments were designed with 2, 4, 6 and 8 d intervals to irrigate, respectively. Watering was stopped when the reading of the moisture tension sensor reached zero. The results indicated that glucose and fructose content of tomato's fruit were increased but sucrose content was decreased with fruit growth and development. In different stages, carbohydrate content of tomato fruit in the treatment 3 was the highest, in the treatment 2 was higher, and in the other treatments was the lowest. SS(sucrose synthase) activity was decreased but SPS(sucrose phosphate synthase) activity was increased with development of tomato. SS and SPS activity were increased but acid invertase and neutral invertase activity of ripe stage were decreased under deficit irrigation. Glucose and fructose content were increased in leaves of tomato under water deficit.Soluble sugars, organic acid and the ratio of sugar/acid in tomato fruits were increased and dry matter accumulation of plant was enhanced under water deficit. But the growth of fruits upside the plant and its dry matter accumulation were badly affected under water stress. | QI Hong-yan, LI Tian-lai, ZHANG Jie, WANG Lei and CHEN Yuan-hong(Horticultural College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161 , P.R.China) | 2003 | Agricultural Sciences in China2003，2，11： | 19 |
| 20 | A HEMODYNAMIC MODEL AND A MATHEMATICAL METHOD TO CALCULATE THE DYNAMICS INDEX FOR CEREBRAL CIRCULATION显示文摘The dynamics indexes,playing an important role in the cerebral circulation,will be changed significantly compared with their normal range in many cerebrovascular disease.The geometrical parameters of cerebrovascular may be detected by DSA or MRA scan,but the hemodynamic parameters,such as,blood flow,artery resistance and compliance must be calculated by building hemodynamics model. The cerebral circular system that has four entrances for blood flow(two carotid and two vertebral arteries)and three communicating arteries is much different from the systematic ststem which has only one entrance,ic.,the aortic.The purpose of this study is to set up a hemodynamics model with lumped parameters to describe the cerebral circulation.From this model,we get its governing equations and present a new method to calculate the hemodynamics indexes in clinical application. | Ding Guang-hongDepartment of Applied Mechanics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. ChinaLu Chuan-zhenDepartment of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Neurology, Shanghai MedicalUniversity, Shanghai 200040, P.R.ChinaYao Wei, Wang Yan-boDepartment of Applied Mechanics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. ChinaCheng Shao-HuaDepartment of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institute of Neurology, Shanghai MedicalUniversity, Shanghai 200040, P.R.ChinaCheng JinDepartment of Applied Mechanics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. ChinaGao Jian, Wang Xiao-dongBeijing 305 Hospital, Beijing 100017, P.R.China | 1997 | Journal of Hydrodynamics1997，9，4： | 17 |
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