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| 1 | Sporadic versus hereditary gastrinomas of the duodenum and pancreas: Distinct clinico-pathological and epidemiological features显示文摘Gastrinomas are defined as gastrin secreting tumors that are associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). ZES is characterized by elevated fasting gastrin serum levels, positive secretin stimulation test and clinical symptoms such as recurrent peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal re?ux disease and occasional diarrhea. Genetically, nonhereditary (sporadic) gastrinomas are distinguished from hereditary gastrinomas, which are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. In general, duodenal gastrinomas are small and solitary if they are sporadic and multiple as well as hereditary. The sporadic gastrinomas occur in the duodenum or in the pancreas while the hereditary gastrinomas almost all occur in the duodenum. Our series of 77 sporadic duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) includes 18 patients (23.4%) with gastrinomas and ZES. Of 535 sporadic NETs in the pancreas collected from the NET archives of the departments of pathology in Zürich, Switzerland, and Kiel, Germany, 24 patients (4.5%) suffered from sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas and ZES. These NETs have to be distinguished fromtumors with immunohistochemical positivity for gastrin but without evidence of ZES. An additional 19 patients suffered from MEN1 and ZES. These patients showed exclusively duodenal gastrinomas, but not pancreatic gastrinomas. The prognosis of sporadic and MEN1- associated duodenal gastrinomas is better than that of pancreatic gastrinomas, since they progress slowly to liver metastasis. In summary, sporadic and MEN1- associated gastrinomas in the duodenum and pancreas show different clinico-pathological and genetic features. The incidence of sporadic duodenal gastrin-producing tumors is increasing, possibly due to optimized diagnostic procedures. In contrast, pancreatic MEN1- associated gastrinomas seem to be extremely rare. A considerable subset of tumors with immunohistochemical expression of gastrin but without evidence of ZES should be designated as functionally inactive NETs expressing gastrin, but not as gastrinomas. | Martin Anlauf Nele Garbrecht Tobias Henopp Anja Schmitt Regina Schlenger Andreas Raffel Markus Krausch Oliver Gimm Claus F Eisenberger Wolfram T Knoefel Henning Dralle Paul Komminoth Philipp U Heitz Aurel Perren Günter Klppel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 7 |
| 2 | Comparison of esophageal capsule endoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy for diagnosis of esophageal varices显示文摘AIM: To investigate the utility of esophageal capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis and grading of esophageal varices. METHODS: Cirrhotic patients who were undergo-ing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for variceal screening or surveillance underwent capsule endos-copy. Two separate blinded investigators read each capsule endoscopy for the following results: variceal grade, need for treatment with variceal banding or prophylaxis with beta-blocker therapy, degree of portal hypertensive gastropathy, and gastric varices. RESULTS: Fifty patients underwent both capsule and EGD. Forty-eight patients had both procedures on the same day, and 2 patients had capsule endoscopy within 72 h of EGD. The accuracy of capsule endos- copy to decide on the need for prophylaxis was 74%, with sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 82%. Inter-rater agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.56). Agree-ment between EGD and capsule endoscopy on grade of varices was 0.53 (moderate). Inter-rater reliability was good (kappa = 0.77). In diagnosis of portal hyper-tensive gastropathy, accuracy was 57%, with sensitiv-ity of 96% and specificity of 17%. Two patients had gastric varices seen on EGD, one of which was seen on capsule endoscopy. There were no complications from capsule endoscopy.CONCLUSION: We conclude that capsule endoscopy has a limited role in deciding which patients would benefit from EGD with banding or beta-blocker thera-py. More data is needed to assess accuracy for staging esophageal varices, PHG, and the detection of gastric varices. | Catherine T Frenette John G Kuldau Donald J Hillebrand Jill Lane Paul J Pockros | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 7 |
| 3 | High-density SNP-based genetic maps for the parents of an outcrossed and a selfed tetraploid garden rose cross, inferred from admixed progeny using the 68k rose SNP array显示文摘Dense genetic maps create a base for QTL analysis of important traits and future implementation of marker-assisted breeding.In tetraploid rose,the existing linkage maps include<300 markers to cover 28 linkage groups(4 homologous sets of 7 chromosomes).Here we used the 68k WagRhSNP Axiom single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array for rose,in combination with SNP dosage calling at the tetraploid level,to genotype offspring from the garden rose cultivar‘Red New Dawn’.The offspring proved to be not from a single bi-parental cross.In rose breeding,crosses with unintended parents occur regularly.We developed a strategy to separate progeny into putative populations,even while one of the parents was unknown,using principle component analysis on pairwise genetic distances based on sets of selected SNP markers that were homozygous,and therefore uninformative for one parent.One of the inferred populations was consistent with self-fertilization of‘Red New Dawn’.Subsequently,linkage maps were generated for a bi-parental and a self-pollinated population with‘Red New Dawn’as the common maternal parent.The densest map,for the selfed parent,had 1929 SNP markers on 25 linkage groups,covering 1765.5 cM at an average marker distance of 0.9 cM.Synteny with the strawberry(Fragaria vesca)genome was extensive.Rose ICM1 corresponded to F.vesca pseudochromosome 7(Fv7),ICM4 to Fv4,ICM5 to Fv3,ICM6 to Fv2 and ICM7 to Fv5.Rose ICM2 corresponded to parts of F.vesca pseudochromosomes 1 and 6,whereas ICM3 is syntenic to the remainder of Fv6. | Mirjana Vukosavljev Paul Arens Roeland E Voorrips Wendy P C van't Westende G D Esselink Peter M Bourke Peter Cox W Eric van de Weg Richard G F Visser Chris Maliepaard Marinus J M Smulders | 2016 | Horticulture Research2016，3，1： | 6 |
| 4 | G蛋白信号转导调节因子5的缺失激活脑卒中时的神经血管保护显示文摘在缺血性脑卒中发生时,血脑屏障的破坏加重了脑损伤。周细胞脱离导致血脑屏障破坏和神经血管功能障碍,但对其在脑卒中中的调节知之甚少。在该研究中,研究者研究了周细胞中G蛋白信号转导调节因子5(Gprotein signaling5,RGS5)的缺失如何影响脑卒中时血脑屏障的破坏及其后果。 | zen I Roth M Barbariga M Gaceb A Deierborg T Genové G Paul G 刘青 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，9： | 2 |
| 5 | 在 7T 的多原子的磁性的回声光谱学的应用显示文摘 AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism.made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS respectively. RESULTS: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these me-tabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and refeeding. Glycogen levels were sig-nificantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the study. CONCLUSION: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies. | Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff Ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G Morris | 2011 | World Journal of Radiology2011，3，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Use of Genetic Algorithms for Neural Networks to Predict Community-acquired Pneumonia显示文摘 | Paul S H Ben S G Thomas G T | 2004 | Artificial Intelligence in Medicine2004，30，： | 1 |
| 7 | Lunar iron and titanium abundance al- gorithms based on final processing of Clementine ultraviolet- visible images显示文摘 | Paul G L Blewett D T | 2000 | Journal of Geophysical Research2000，105，20： | 1 |
| 8 | Demonstration of preferential binding of SYBR Green Ⅰ to specific DNA fragments in real-time multiplex PCR显示文摘 | Steven G Paul T Monis | 2003 | Nucl Acids Res2003，31，22： | 1 |
| 9 | Optimization of Network Robustness to Waves of Targeted and Random Attacks显示文摘 | T Tanizawa G Paul R Cohen S Havlin etc | 2005 | Phys Rev E2005，71，： | 1 |
| 10 | Mapping the FeO and TiO2 content of the lunar surface with multispectral imagery 显示文摘 | Paul G L Blewett D T Hawke B R | 1998 | Journal of Geophysical Research1998，103，： | 1 |
| 11 | Gene therapy-directed osteegenesis: BMP-7 transduced human fibroblasts form bone in vivo显示文摘 | PAUL H KENI G RENNY T | 2000 | Hum Gene Ther2000，11，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Pectin:new insights into an old polymer are starting to gel显示文摘 | William G T Willats J Paul Knox J Dalgaard Mikkelsen | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Report on QTL nomenclature显示文摘 | McCouch S R Cho Y G Yano M Paul E Blinstrub M Mori-shima H Kinoshita T | 1997 | Rice Genet Newsl1997，14，： | 1 |
| 14 | A structured model for penicillin production on mixed substrates显示文摘 | PAUL G C SYDDALL M T KENT C A | 2001 | Biochemical Engineering Journal2001，7，： | 1 |
| 15 | OTU deu- biquitinases reveal mechanisms of linkage specificity and enable ubiquitin chain restriction analysis 显示文摘 | TYCHO E T M MANUELA K H PAUL P G | 2013 | Cell2013，154，： | 1 |
| 16 | Coordinated supply chain management 显示文摘 | Douglas J T Paul M G | 1996 | European Journal of Operational Research1996，94，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Temperature Dependence of the Fracture Behavior of Nylon 6/ABS Blends显示文摘 | Pressly T G Keskkula H Paul D R | 2001 | Polymer2001，42，： | 1 |
| 18 | CELL-SELEX: Novel perspectives of aptamer-based therapeutics 显示文摘 | Guo K 'T Ziemer G Paul A | 2008 | Int J Mol Sci2008，9，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Grainstructure evolution in a 6061 aluminum alloy during hottorsion显示文摘 | WILLIAM H V G WOJCIECH Z M PAUL T W | 2006 | Materials Science & Engineering A2006，419，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Transplantation in Parkinson's disease: The future looks bright 显示文摘 | Paul G Alan YH Li JY e t al | 2006 | Adv Exp Med Biol2006，557，： | 1 |
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