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| 1 | Reduced striatal volumes in Parkinson’s disease:a magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘Background:The presence and extent of structural changes in the brain as a consequence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is still poorly understood.Methods:High-resolution 3-tesla T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images in sixty-five PD and 27 age-matched healthy control participants were examined.Putamen,caudate,and intracranial volumes were manually traced in the axial plane of 3D reconstructed images.Striatal nuclei volumes were normalized to intracranial volume for statistical comparison.Disease status was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr scale.Cognitive status was assessed using global status tests and detailed neuropsychological testing.Results:Both caudate and putamen volumes were smaller in PD brains compared to controls after adjusting for age and gender.Caudate volumes were reduced by 11%(p=0.001)and putamen volumes by 8.1%(p=0.025).PD striatal volumes were not found to be significantly correlated with cognitive or motor decline.Conclusion:Small,but significant reductions in the volume of both the caudate and putamen occur in PD brains.These reductions are independent of the effects of age and gender,however the relation of these reductions to the functional loss of dopamine,which is characteristic of PD,remains unclear. | Toni L Pitcher Tracy R Melzer Michael R MacAskill Charlotte F Graham Leslie Livingston Ross J Keenan Richard Watts John C Dalrymple-Alford Tim J Anderson | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Further precipitation reactions associated with β'( Al3 Zr) particles in Al-Li-Cu-Mg-Zr alloys显示文摘 | Tite C N J Gregson P J Pitcher P D | 1988 | Scripta Metallurgica1988，22，7： | 1 |
| 3 | Development and homeostasis of T cell memory in rhesus macaque显示文摘 | Pitcher C J Hagen S I Walker J M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Recon-structing historical marine ecosystems using food web mod-els:Northern British Columbia from Pre-European contactto present显示文摘 | Ainsworth C H Pitcher T J Heymans J J | 2008 | Ecological Modelling2008，216，： | 1 |
| 5 | Determination of anti gen-specific memory/effector CD4+ T cell frequencies by flow cytometry: evidence for a novel antigen-specific homeostatic mechanism in H1V-associated immunodeficiency显示文摘 | Waldrop SL Pitcher C J Peterson DM | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | A blind fish can school显示文摘 | Pitcher T J Partridge B L Wardle C S | 1976 | Science1976，194，4268： | 1 |
| 7 | Resilience to change in two coastal communities: using the maximum dexterity fleet 显示文摘 | PITCHER T J AINSWORTH C H | 2010 | Marine Policy2010，34，4： | 1 |
| 8 | The contribution of sulphate reducing bacteria and 5-aminosalicylic acid to faecal sulphide in patients with ulcerative colitis显示文摘 | PITCHER M C BEATTY E R CUMMINGS J H | 2000 | Gut2000，46，： | 1 |
| 9 | Unreported and Unregulated Catch in British Columbia's Marine Fisheries显示文摘 | C H Ainsworth T J Pitcher Estimating Illegal | | 0，，75： | 1 |
| 10 | Statau of worldwide coal mine methane emission and use显示文摘 | Carol J Bibler James S Marshall Raymond C Pitcher | 1998 | International Journal of Coal Geologey1998，35，： | 1 |
| 11 | Real-time detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory sam- pies with an internal processing control 显示文摘 | Pitcher D Chalker V J Sheppard C George RC Harrison TG | 2006 | J Med Microbiol2006，55，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Real-time detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory samples with an internal processing control显示文摘 | Pitcher D Chalker V J Sheppard C | 2006 | J Med Microbiol2006，55，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Relationship between childhood blood lead levels and stature显示文摘 | Schwartz J Angel C Pitcher H | 1986 | Pediatrics1986，77，： | 1 |
| 14 | Relationship between childhood blood lead levels and stature显示文摘 | SCHWARTZ J ANGLE C PITCHER H | 1986 | Pediatrics1986，77，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate显示文摘 | PITCHER D C SAUNDER N A OWEN R J | 1989 | Lett Appl Microbiol1989，8，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate 显示文摘 | Pitcher D C Saunder N A Owen R J | 1989 | Lett Appl Microbiol1989，8，： | 1 |
| 17 | Relationship between childhood blood lead'levels and stature 显示文摘 | Schwartz j Angel C Pitcher H | 1986 | Pediatrics1986，77，： | 1 |
| 18 | Rapid postcol- umn methodology for determination of paralytic shellfish toxins in shellfish tissue 显示文摘 | ROURKE W A MURPHY C J PITCHER G | 2008 | Journal of AOAC International2008，91，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Relations between mierostructure, precipitation, age-formability and damage tolerance of Al-Cu-Mg-Li (Mn, Zr, So) alloys for age forming显示文摘 | STARINK M J GAO N KAMP N WANG S C PITCHER P D SINCLAIR I | 2006 | Mater Sci Eng A2006，418，： | 1 |
| 20 | Relations between microstructure, precipitation, age-formability and damage tolerance of Al-Cu-Mg-Li (Mn, Zr, Sc) alloys for age forming显示文摘 | STARINK M J GAO N KAMP N WANG S C PITCHER P D SINCLAIR I | 2006 | Materials Science and Engineering A2006，418，12： | 1 |
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