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| 1 | Radiation exposure and reduction in the operating room: Perspectives and future directions in spine surgery显示文摘Intraoperative imaging is vital for accurate placement of instrumentation in spine surgery. However, the use of biplanar fluoroscopy and other intraoperative imaging modalities is associated with the risk of significant radiation exposure in the patient, surgeon, and surgical staff. Radiation exposure in the form of ionizing radiation can lead to cellular damage via the induction of DNA lesions and the production of reactive oxygen species. These effects often result in cell death or genomic instability, leading to various radiation-associated pathologies including an increased risk of malignancy. In attempts to reduce radiation-associated health risks, radiation safety has become an important topic in the medical field. All practitioners, regardless of practice setting, can practice radiation safety techniques including shielding and distance to reduce radiation exposure. Additionally, optimization of fluoroscopic settings and techniques can be used as an effective method of radiation dose reduction. New imaging modalities and spinal navigation systems have also been developed in an effort to replace conventional fluoroscopy and reduce radiation doses. These modalities include Isocentric Three-Dimensional C-Arms, O-Arms, and intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. While this influx of new technology has advanced radiation safety within the field of spine surgery, more work is still required to overcome specific limitations involving increased costs and inadequate training. | Ankur S Narain Fady Y Hijji Kelly H Yom Krishna T Kudaravalli Brittany E Haws Kern Singh | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，7： | 9 |
| 2 | 急性脊髓损伤患者治疗的临床操作指南:关于MRI基线在临床治疗决策与结果预测中作用的几点建议(英文)显示文摘The objective of this guideline is to outline the role of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in clinical decision making and outcome prediction in patients with traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI).Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted to address key questions related to the use of MRI in patients with traumatic SCI.This review focused on longitudinal studies that controlled for baseline neurologic status.A multidisciplinary Guideline Development Group(GDG) used this information,their clinical expertise,and patient input to develop recommendations on the use of MRI for SCI patients.Based on GRADE(Grading of Recommendation,Assessment,Development and Evaluation),a strong recommendation is worded as ' we recommend,' whereas a weaker recommendation is indicated by 'we suggest.' Results Based on the limited available evidence and the clinical expertise of the GDG,our recommendations were:(1) 'We suggest that MRI be performed in adult patients with acute SCI prior to surgical intervention,when feasible,to facilitate improved clinical decision-making'(quality of evidence,very low) and(2) 'We suggest that MRI should be performed in adult patients in the acute period following SCI,before or after surgical intervention,to improve prediction of neurologic outcome '(quality of evidence,low).Conclusions These guidelines should be implemented into clinical practice to improve outcomes and prognostication for patients with SCI. | Fehlings MG Martin AR Tetreault LA Aarabi B Anderson P Arnold PM Brodke D Burns AS Chiba K Dettori JR Furlan JC Hawryluk G Holly LT Howley S Jeji T Kalsi-Ryan S Kotter M Kurpad S Kwon BK Marino RJ Massicotte E Merli G Middleton JW Nakashima H Nagoshi N Palmieri K Singh A Skelly AC Tsai EC Vaccaro A Wilson JR Yee A Harrop JS | 2017 | 中华神经外科疾病研究杂志2017，16，6： | 8 |
| 3 | Monitoring and modeling of urban sprawl through remote sensing and GIS in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia显示文摘Introduction:Kuala Lumpur is currently experiencing a large-scale urban transformation.This study explores a multi-buffer ring method to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban growth in the Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area by using Geographical Information Systems(GIS)and remote sensing imageries from1989 to 2014.Methods:The first Landsat images from 1989,2001,and 2014 were classified with maximum likelihood classification to produce land cover maps and identify four types of land cover:urban/built-up,agriculture,forest,and water.Then,the area coverage for all the land use types at different points in time were measured and combined with distance from the city center.Later on,urbanization densities from the city center to the outside for every 1-km distance from 1 to 50 km are calculated.Results:City density on the distance of 5,8,15,20,and 30 km was very high in the years 1989 and 2014.Temporally,urban expansion shows fast and slow growth stages with high-speed growth shifting to the east side of the city.Conclusions:In general,the population,traffic conditions,industrialization,and policy are the major factors thatinfluenced the urban expansion. | Mukesh Singh Boori Maik Netzband Komal Choudhary Vít Voženílek | 2015 | Ecological Processes2015，4，1： | 2 |
| 4 | A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells 显示文摘 | Singh N P Mccoy M T Tice R R | 1988 | Experimental Cell Research1988，175，： | 2 |
| 5 | Current status of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital of East Delhi显示文摘 | T Sagar N Singh B Kashyap I Kaur | 2013 | Journal of Postgraduate Medicine2013，，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Risk for esophageal neoplasia in B arrett’s esophagus patients with mucosal changes indefinite for dysplasia显示文摘 | Bela Horvath Prabhdeep Singh Hao Xie Prashanthi N Thota Daniela S Allende Rish K Pai Deepa T Patil Thomas P Plesec John R Goldblum Xiuli Liu | 2015 | J Gastroenterol Hepatol2015，，： | 2 |
| 7 | A new four-dimensional hyperjerk system with stable equilibrium point, circuit implementation, and its synchronization by using an adaptive integrator backstepping control显示文摘This paper reports a new simple four-dimensional(4 D) hyperjerk chaotic system. The proposed system has only one stable equilibrium point. Hence, its strange attractor belongs to the category of hidden attractors. The proposed system exhibits various dynamical behaviors including chaotic, periodic, stable nature, and coexistence of various attractors. Numerous theoretical and numerical methods are used for the analyses of this system. The chaotic behavior of the new system is validated using circuit implementation. Further, the synchronization of the proposed systems is shown by designing an adaptive integrator backstepping controller. Numerical simulation validates the synchronization strategy. | J P Singh V T Pham T Hayat S Jafari F E Alsaadi B K Roy | 2018 | Chinese Physics B2018，27，10： | 2 |
| 8 | A simple technique for quantitation of low level of DNA damage in individual cells显示文摘 | Singh NP McCoy M T Tice R R | 1988 | Exp cell res1988，175，： | 2 |
| 9 | Role of Id-2 in the maintenance of a differentiated and noninvasive phenotype in breast cancer cells 显示文摘 | hahana Y Singh J Sumida T | 2003 | Cancer Res2003，63，21： | 1 |
| 10 | Advanced glycation end products: a review显示文摘 | Singh R Barden A Mori T | 2001 | Diabetologia2001，44，： | 1 |
| 11 | Improved phytase production by a thermophilic mould Sporotrichum thermophile in submerged fermentation due to statistical optimization显示文摘 | Singh B Satyanarayana T | 2008 | BioresTechnol2008，99，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Characterization of a Panel of Insertion Mutants in Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B显示文摘 | Singh J Compton T | 2000 | J Virol2000，74，3： | 1 |
| 13 | A simple technique for quantification of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells显示文摘 | SINGH N P MCCOY M T TICE R R | 1988 | Exp Cell Res1988，175，1： | 1 |
| 14 | A simple tech- nique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in indi-vidual cells 显示文摘 | Singh N P McCoy M T Tice R R et d | 1988 | Experimental Cell Research1988，175，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Screening the human exome : a comparison of whole genome and whole transcriptome sequencing显示文摘 | Cirulli E T Singh A Shianna K V | 2010 | Genome Biol2010，11，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Corneal avascularity is due to soluble VEGF receptor-1显示文摘 | Ambati BK Nozaki M Singh N Takeda A Jani PD Suthar T | 2006 | Nature2006，443，7114： | 1 |
| 17 | Vulnerability to psychological distress and depression in patients with end-stage liver disease due to hepatitis C virus 显示文摘 | Singh N Gayowski T Wagener MM | 1997 | Clin Transplant1997，11，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Vancomycinresistant Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis: linezolid failure and strain characterization of virulence factors 显示文摘 | Tsigrelis C Singh K V Coutinho T D | 2007 | J Clin Microbiol2007，45，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Active metal brazing and characterization of brazed joints in titanium to carbon-carbon composites显示文摘 | SINGH M SHPARGEL T P MORSCHER G N | 2005 | Materials Science and Engineering2005，412，： | 1 |
| 20 | Missense mutation of the reticu- lon-4 receptor alters spatial memory and social interaction in mice 显示文摘 | Lazar NL Singh S Paton T | 2011 | Behav Brain Res2011，224，1： | 1 |
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