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| 1 | Sporadic versus hereditary gastrinomas of the duodenum and pancreas: Distinct clinico-pathological and epidemiological features显示文摘Gastrinomas are defined as gastrin secreting tumors that are associated with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). ZES is characterized by elevated fasting gastrin serum levels, positive secretin stimulation test and clinical symptoms such as recurrent peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal re?ux disease and occasional diarrhea. Genetically, nonhereditary (sporadic) gastrinomas are distinguished from hereditary gastrinomas, which are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. In general, duodenal gastrinomas are small and solitary if they are sporadic and multiple as well as hereditary. The sporadic gastrinomas occur in the duodenum or in the pancreas while the hereditary gastrinomas almost all occur in the duodenum. Our series of 77 sporadic duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) includes 18 patients (23.4%) with gastrinomas and ZES. Of 535 sporadic NETs in the pancreas collected from the NET archives of the departments of pathology in Zürich, Switzerland, and Kiel, Germany, 24 patients (4.5%) suffered from sporadic pancreatic gastrinomas and ZES. These NETs have to be distinguished fromtumors with immunohistochemical positivity for gastrin but without evidence of ZES. An additional 19 patients suffered from MEN1 and ZES. These patients showed exclusively duodenal gastrinomas, but not pancreatic gastrinomas. The prognosis of sporadic and MEN1- associated duodenal gastrinomas is better than that of pancreatic gastrinomas, since they progress slowly to liver metastasis. In summary, sporadic and MEN1- associated gastrinomas in the duodenum and pancreas show different clinico-pathological and genetic features. The incidence of sporadic duodenal gastrin-producing tumors is increasing, possibly due to optimized diagnostic procedures. In contrast, pancreatic MEN1- associated gastrinomas seem to be extremely rare. A considerable subset of tumors with immunohistochemical expression of gastrin but without evidence of ZES should be designated as functionally inactive NETs expressing gastrin, but not as gastrinomas. | Martin Anlauf Nele Garbrecht Tobias Henopp Anja Schmitt Regina Schlenger Andreas Raffel Markus Krausch Oliver Gimm Claus F Eisenberger Wolfram T Knoefel Henning Dralle Paul Komminoth Philipp U Heitz Aurel Perren Günter Klppel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，34： | 7 |
| 2 | Long-term follow-up of pseud-oexfoliation and the development of elevated intraocular pres-sure显示文摘 | Henry J C Krupin T Schmitt M | 1987 | Ophthalmology1987，94，： | 1 |
| 3 | The Lateral suppressor (LS) gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family显示文摘 | Schumacher K Schmitt T Rossberg M | 1999 | Proc Natl Acad Sci1999，96，： | 1 |
| 4 | The B-cell tumor-associated antigen ROR1 can be targeted with T cells modified to express a ROR1-specific chimeric antigen receptor显示文摘 | Hudecek M Schmitt T M Baskar S | 2010 | Blood2010，116，22： | 1 |
| 5 | Multifractal analysis of the dollar-yuan and euro-yuan exchange rate before and after the reform of the peg显示文摘 | Schmitt F G Ma Li Angounou T | 2011 | Quantitative Finance2011，11，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Exchanging catheters over a single transseptal sheath during left atrial ablation is associated with a higher risk for silent cerebral events 显示文摘 | Deneke T Nentwich K Schmitt R | 2014 | Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J2014，14，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Accumulation of metals in fish from lead- zinc mining areas of southeastern Missouri, USA显示文摘 | Schmitt C J Brumbaugh W G May T W | 2007 | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety2007，67，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Piperacillin/tazobactam vs Imipnenem/cilastatin in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia: a double blind prospective multicentre study 显示文摘 | Schmitt DV Leitner E Welte T | 2006 | Infection2006，34，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Cyclandelate in the prophylaxis of migraine: a placebo-controlled study显示文摘 | DINNER H C KRUPP P SCHMITT T | 2001 | Cephalalgia2001，21，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Scaphoid fractures: diagnosis, classification and therapy 显示文摘 | Krimmer H Schmitt R Herbert T | 2000 | Unfallchirurg2000，103，： | 1 |
| 11 | The lateral suppressor(Ls)gene of tomato encodes a new member of the VHIID protein family显示文摘 | Schumacher K Schmitt T Rossberg M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | PIV5 M protein interaction with host protein angiomotin-like 1 显示文摘 | Pei Z F Bai Y T Schmitt A P | 2010 | Virology2010，39，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Reduced risk for pancreatitis after endoscopic microtransducer manometry of the sphincter of Oddi: a randomized comparison with the perfusion manometry technique 显示文摘 | Wehrmann T Stergiou N Schmitt T | 2003 | Endoscopy2003，35，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Analysis and modeling of flooding in urban drainage systems 显示文摘 | Schmitt T G Thomas M Ettrich N | 2004 | J Hydrology2004，29，9： | 1 |
| 15 | Anterior cervical interbody fusion with rhBMP-2 and tantalum in a goat model 显示文摘 | Sidhu K S Prochnow T D Schmitt P | 2001 | Spine J2001，1，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Photo-physical characterization of rhodamine 6G in a 2- hydroxyethyl-methacrylate methyl-methacrylate copolymer 显示文摘 | Holzer W Gratz H Schmitt T Penzkofer A Costela A Gareia-Moreno I Costela A Sastre I R Duarte F J | 2000 | Chemical Physics2000，256，1： | 1 |
| 17 | The on dynamic truck position and knee abduction moments: implication for ACL injury 显示文摘 | JAMISON S T MCNALLY M P effects of core muscle activation SCHMITT L C | 2013 | Journal of Biomechanics2013，46，13： | 1 |
| 18 | Adaptive Image Retrieval Based on The Spatial Organization of Colors显示文摘 | Hurtut T Gousseau Y Schmitt F | 2005 | Computer Vi- sion and Image Understanding2005，112，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Sedation with propofol plus midazolam versus propofol alone for interventional endoscopic procedures:a prospective,randomized study显示文摘 | H SEIFERT TH SCHMITT T GULTEKIN | 2000 | 14:1207-12122000，14，： | 1 |
| 20 | Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection into the minor papilla for treatment of idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis in patients with pancreas divisum 显示文摘 | Wehrmann T Schmitt T Seifert H | 1999 | Gastrointest Endosc1999，50，4： | 1 |
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