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| 1 | 柴达木盆地北缘早古生代高压—超高压变质带中发现典型超高压矿物——柯石英显示文摘从都兰北带榴辉岩的片麻岩围岩的锆石中发现了柯石英包裹体和石墨包裹体,说明该超高压带的峰期变质作用已达柯石英稳定区间(>2.8GPa)但小于金刚石的稳定区间(<3.5GPa),从而确定了柴达木盆地北缘存在早古生代超高压变质作用和陆-陆碰撞作用,为中国中部存在一条横贯东西的早古生代(大致500~400Ma)高压超高压变质带的推断提供了新的关键性证据。 | 杨经绥 宋述光 许志琴 吴才来 史仁灯 张建新 李海兵 万渝生 刘焰 邱海峻 刘福来 Shigenori Maruyama | 2001 | 地质学报2001，75，2： | 221 |
| 2 | Surgical anatomy of innervation of the gallbladder in humans and Suncus murinus with special reference to morphological understanding of gallstone formation after gastrectomy显示文摘瞄准:澄清人的胆囊的神经分布,与在胃切除术以后的胆石形成的词法理解的特殊参考。方法:肝,胆囊和包围结构在乙醇沉浸于茜素红 S 的 10 mg/L 答案在死尸染色周围神经(n = 10 ) 。在区域的神经分布完全在一台双目显微镜下面被把。同样,在 10 Suncus murinus 的一样的区域的神经分布(S。murinus ) 被检验采用整个山免疫组织化学。结果:胆囊的神经分布通过二条线路主要发生了。一个人从前面的肝的丛,神经分布沿着膀胱的动脉和管发生了。总是,这条线路通过了肝十二指肠系带。另外的线路从以后的肝的丛,神经分布沿着膀胱的管 vent 集合发生了。这条线路也通过了肝十二指肠系带欧洲粪金龟子突围。类似的结果在 S 被获得。murinus。结论:从经由膀胱的动脉或管的前面的肝的丛的线路为保存胆囊神经分布是关键的。淋巴节点解剖可以明确地在胃切除术以后在肝十二指肠系带影响胆石的发生。而且,从经由到胆囊的胆总管和膀胱的管的以后的肝的丛的线路不应该被不顾。丛的保藏可以在胃切除术以后稀释胆石形成的发生。 | Shuang-Qin Yi Tetsuo Ohta Akihiko Tsuchida Hayato Terayama Munekazu Naito Jun Li Heng-Xiao Wang Nozomi Yi Shigenori Tanaka Masahiro Itoh | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，14： | 19 |
| 3 | Prognostic roles of preoperative α-fetoprotein and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in hepatocellular carcinoma patients显示文摘AIM:To clarify the utility of using des-γ-carboxy prothrombin(DCP)andα-fetoprotein(AFP)levels to predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and the hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections.METHODS:A total of 205 patients with HCC(105patients with HBV infection 100 patients with HCV infection)who underwent primary hepatectomy between January 2004 and May 2012 were enrolled retrospectively.Preoperative AFP and DCP levels were used to create interactive dot diagrams to predict recurrence within 2 years after hepatectomy,and cutoff levels were calculated.Patients in the HBV and HCV groups were classified into three groups:a group with low AFP and DCP levels(LL group),a group in which one of the two parameters was high and the other was low(HL group),and a group with high AFP and DCP levels(HH group).Liver function parameters,the postoperative recurrence-free survival rate,and postoperative overall survival were compared between groups.The survival curves were compared by logrank test using the Kaplan-Meier method.Multivariate analysis using a Cox forward stepwise logistic regression model was conducted for a prognosis.RESULTS:The preoperative AFP cutoff levels for recurrence within 2 years after hepatectomy in the HBV and HCV groups were 529.8 ng/m L and 60 m AU/m L,respectively;for preoperative DCP levels,the cutoff levels were 21.0 ng/m L in the HBV group and 67 m AU/m L in the HCV group.The HBV group was significantly different from the other groups in terms of vascular invasion,major hepatectomy,volume of intraoperative blood loss,and surgical duration.Significant differences were found between the LL group,the HL group,and the HH group in terms of both mean disease-free survival time(MDFST)and mean overall survival time(MOST):64.81±7.47 vs 36.63±7.62 vs 18.98±6.17mo(P=0.001)and 85.30±6.55 vs 59.44±7.87 vs46.57±11.20 mo(P=0.018).In contrast,the HCV group exhibited a significant difference in tumor size,vascular invasion,volume of intraoperative blood loss,and surgical duration;however,no significant difference was observed between the three groups in liver function parameters except for albumin levels.In the LL group,the HL group,and the HH group,the MDFST was 50.09±5.90,31.01±7.21,and 14.81±3.08 mo(log-rank test,P<0.001),respectively,and the MOST was 79.45±8.30,58.82±7.56,and 32.87±6.31 mo(log-rank test,P<0.001),respectively.CONCLUSION:In the HBV group,the prognosis was poor when either AFP or DCP levels were high.In the HCV group,the prognosis was good when either or both levels were low;however,the prognosis was poor when both levels were high.High levels of both AFP and DCP were an independent risk factor associated with tumor recurrence in the HBV and HCV groups.The relationship between tumor marker levels and prognosis was characteristic to the type of viral hepatitis. | Makoto Meguro Toru Mizuguchi Toshihiko Nishidate Kenji Okita Masayuki Ishii Shigenori Ota Tomomi Ueki Emi Akizuki Koichi Hirata | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，16： | 16 |
| 4 | Prognostic value of KRAS and BRAF mutations in curatively resected colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM: To investigate the prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF mutations after adjustment for microsatellite instability(MSI) status in Japanese colorectal cancer(CRC) population.METHODS: We assessed KRAS and BRAF mutations and MSI status in 813 Japanese patients with curatively resected, stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ CRC and examined associations of these mutations with disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS) using uni- and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTS: KRAS and BRAF mutations were detected in 312(38%) of 812 and 40(5%) of 811 tumors, respectively. KRAS mutations occurred more frequently in females than in males(P = 0.02), while the presence of BRAF mutations was significantly associated with the female gender(P = 0.006), proximal tumor location(P < 0.001), mucinous or poorly differentiated histology(P < 0.001), and MSI-high tumors(P < 0.001). After adjusting for relevant variables, including MSI status, KRAS mutations were associated with poorer DFS(HR = 1.35; 95%CI: 1.03-1.75) and OS(HR = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.09-1.97). BRAF mutations were poor prognostic factors for DFS(HR = 2.20; 95%CI: 1.19-4.06) and OS(HR = 2.30; 95%CI: 1.15-4.71). Neither the BRAF by MSI interaction test nor the KRAS by MSI interaction test yielded statistically significant results for DFS and OS.CONCLUSION: KRAS and BRAF mutations are associated with inferior survival, independent of MSI status, inJapanese patients with curatively resected CRC. | Shigenori Kadowaki Miho Kakuta Shuhei Takahashi Akemi Takahashi Yoshiko Arai Yoji Nishimura Toshimasa Yatsuoka Akira Ooki Kensei Yamaguchi Keitaro Matsuo Kei Muro Kiwamu Akagi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，4： | 14 |
| 5 | Reduced hemoglobin and increased C-reactive protein are associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘AIM: To investigate the early upper gastrointestinal endoscopy(endoscopy) significantly reduces mortality resulting from upper gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding. METHODS: Upper GI bleeding was defined as 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b according to the Forrest classification. The hemoglobin(Hb), and C-reactive protein(CRP) were examined at around the day of endoscopy and 3 mo prior to endoscopy. The rate of change was calculated as follows:(the result of blood examination on the day of endoscopy- the results of blood examination 3 mo prior to endoscopy)/(results of blood examination 3 mo prior to endoscopy). Receiver operating characteristic curves were created to determine threshold values. RESULTS: Seventy-nine men and 77 women were enrolled. There were 17 patients with upper GI bleeding: 12 with a gastric ulcer, 3 with a duodenal ulcer, 1 with an acute gastric mucosal lesion, and 1 with gastric cancer. The area under the curve(AUC), threshold, sensitivity, and specificity of Hb around the day of endoscopy were 0.902, 11.7 g/dL, 94.1%, and 77.1%, respectively, while those of CRP were 0.722, 0.5 mg/dL, 70.5%, and 73%, respectively. The AUC, threshold, sensitivity, and specificity of the rate of change of Hb were 0.851,-21.3%, 76.4%, and 82.6%, respectively, while those of CRP were 0.901, 100%, 100%, and 82.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Predictors for upper GI bleeding were Hb < 11.7 g/dL, reduction rate in the Hb > 21.3% and an increase in the CRP > 100%, 3 mo before endoscopy. | Minoru Tomizawa Fuminobu Shinozaki Rumiko Hasegawa Akira Togawa Yoshinori Shirai Noboru Ichiki Yasufumi Motoyoshi Takao Sugiyama Shigenori Yamamoto Makoto Sueishi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 13 |
| 6 | Propensity score analysis demonstrated the prognostic advantage of anatomical liver resection in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To compare the prognoses of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients that underwent anatomic liver resection(AR)or non-anatomic liver resection(NAR)using propensity score-matched populations.METHODS:Between January 2002 and December2010,268 consecutive HCC patients,including 110 and158 patients that underwent AR and NAR,respectively,were retrospectively enrolled in this study.Forty-four patients from each group were selected and matched using logistic multivariate analysis followed by propensity score analysis.RESULTS:In the whole analysis set,the histological background of the liver,liver function,and tumor marker levels differed significantly among the groups.Although the overall survival(OS)and recurrence-free survival rates of the two groups did not differ significantly in the whole analysis set,the OS of the AR group was significantly longer than that of the NAR group after propensity matching(76.2±6.3 mo vs 58.9±6.3mo;P=0.0039).Although AR(HR=0.456,P=0.039)was found to be a prognostic factor in the univariate analysis,only vascular invasion(HR=0.228,P=0.002)and the hepatocyte growth factor level(HR=52.366,P=0.035)were subsequently found to be independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION:AR conveys a survival advantage over NAR in specific subpopulations of HCC patients with tumors of less than 5 cm in diameter,single tumor,and good liver function. | Masayuki Ishii Toru Mizuguchi Masaki Kawamoto Makoto Meguro Shigenori Ota Toshihiko Nishidate Kenji Okita Yasutohsi Kimura Thomas T Hui Koichi Hirata | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，12： | 12 |
| 7 | Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor in proliferation and motility of pancreatic cancer显示文摘AIM:To develop a molecular therapy for pancreatic cancer, the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling pathway was analyzed.METHODS: Pancreatic cancer cell lines (MIA-Paca2, NOR-P1, PANC-1, PK-45H, PK-1, PK-59 and KP-4) were cultured in media with 10 mL/L fetal bovine serum. Western blotting analysis was performed to clarify the expression of IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). Picropodophyllin (PPP), a specific inhibitor of IGF-IR, LY294002, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol3 kinase (PI3K), and PD98059, a specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase, were added to the media. After 72 h, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium inner salt (MTS) assay was performed to analyze cell proliferation. A wound assay was performed to analyze cell motility with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining 48 h after addition of each inhibitor. RESULTS: All cell lines clearly expressed not only IGF-IR but also phosphorylated IGF-IR. PPP significantly suppressed proliferation of MIA-Paca2, NOR-P1, PANC-1, PK-45H, PK-1, PK-59 and KP-4 cells to 36.9% ± 2.4% (mean ± SD), 30.9% ± 5.5%, 23.8% ± 3.9%, 37.1% ± 5.3%, 10.4% ± 4.5%, 52.5% ± 4.5% and 22.6% ± 0.4%, at 2 μmol/L, respectively (P < 0.05). LY294002 significantly suppressed proliferation of MIA-Paca2, NOR-P1, PANC-1, PK-45H, PK-1, PK-59 and KP-4 cells to 44.4% ± 7.6%, 32.9% ± 8.2%, 53.9% ± 8.0%, 52.8% ± 4.0%, 32.3% ± 4.2%, 51.8% ± 4.5%, and 30.6% ± 9.4%, at 50 μmol/L, respectively (P < 0.05). PD98059 did not significantly suppress cell proliferation. PPP at 2 μmol/L suppressed motility of MIA-Paca2, NOR-P1, PANC-1, PK-45H, PK-1, PK-59 and KP-4 cells to 3.0% ± 0.2%, 0%, 0%, 2.0% ± 0.1%, 5.0% ± 0.2%, 3.0% ± 0.1%, and 5.0% ± 0.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). LY294002 at 50 μmol/L suppressed motility of MIA-Paca2, NOR-P1, PANC-1, PK-45H, PK-1, PK-59 and KP-4 to 3.0% ± 0.2%, 0%, 3.0% ± 0.2%, 0%, 0%, 0% and 3% ± 0.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). PD980509 at 20 μmol/L did not suppress motility. Cells were observed by microscopy to analyze the morphological changes induced by the inhibitors. Cells in medium treated with 2 μmol/L PPP or 50 μmol/L LY294002 had pyknotic nuclei, whereas those in medium with 20 μmol/L PD98059 did not show apoptosis.CONCLUSION: IGF-IR and PI3K are good candidates for molecular therapy of pancreatic cancer. | Minoru Tomizawa Fuminobu Shinozaki Takao Sugiyama Shigenori Yamamoto Makoto Sueishi Takanobu Yoshida | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，15： | 12 |
| 8 | Origin of the Earth:A proposal of new model called ABEL显示文摘The Earth was born as a dry planet without atmosphere and ocean components at 4.56 Ga,with subsequent secondary accretion of bio-elements,such as carbon(C),hydrogen(H),oxygen(O),and nitrogen(N) which peaked at 4.37-4.20 Ga.This two-step formation model of the Earth we refer to as the advent of bio-elements model(ABEL Model) and the event of the advent of bio-elements(water component) as ABEL Bombardment.It is clear that the solid Earth originated from enstatite chondrite-like dry material based on the similarity in oxygen isotopic composition and among other isotopes.On the other hand,Earth's water derives primarily from carbonaceous chondrite material based on the hydrogen isotopic ratio.We present our ABEL model to explain this enigma between solid Earth and water,as well as secondary accretion of oxidizing bio-elements,which became a precursor to initiate metabolism to emerge life on a highly reductive planet.If ABEL Bombardment had not occurred,life never would have emerged on the Earth.Therefore,ABEL Bombardment is one of the most important events for this planet to evolve into a habitable planet.The chronology of ABEL Bombardment is informed through previous researches of the late heavy bombardment and the late veneer model.ABEL Bombardment is considered to have occurred during 4.37-4.20 Ga,which is the concept to redefine the standard late heavy bombardment and the late veneer models.Also,ABEL Bombardment is the trigger of the transition from stagnant lid tectonics to plate tectonics on this planet because of the injection of volatiles into the initial dry Earth. | Shigenori Maruyama Toshikazu Ebisuzaki | 2017 | Geoscience Frontiers2017，8，2： | 10 |
| 9 | Initiation of plate tectonics in the Hadean: Eclogitization triggered by the ABEL Bombardment显示文摘When plate tectonics began on the Earth has been long debated and here we argue this topic based on the records of Earth-Moon geology and asteroid belt to conclude that the onset of plate tectonics was during the middle Hadean(4.37-4.20 Ga). The trigger of the initiation of plate tectonics is the ABEL Bombardment, which delivered oceanic and atmospheric components on a completely dry reductive Earth, originally comprised of enstatite chondrite-like materials. Through the accretion of volatiles, shock metamorphism processed with vaporization of both CI chondrite and supracrustal rocks at the bombarded location, and significant recrystallization went through under wet conditions, caused considerable eclogitization in the primordial continents composed of felsic upper crust of 21 km thick anorthosite, and 50 km or even thicker KREEP lower crust. Eclogitization must have yielded a powerful slab-pull force to initiate plate tectonics in the middle Hadean. Another important factor is the size of the bombardment. By creating Pacific Ocean class crater by 1000 km across impactor, rigid plate operating stagnant lid tectonics since the early Hadean was severely destroyed, and oceanic lithosphere was generated to have bi-modal lithosphere on the Earth to enable the operation of plate tectonics.Considering the importance of the ABEL Bombardment event which initiated plate tectonics including the appearance of ocean and atmosphere, we propose that the Hadean Eon can be subdivided into three periods:(1) early Hadean(4.57-4.37 Ga),(2) middle Hadean(4.37-4.20 Ga), and(3) late Hadean(4.20-4.00 Ga). | Shigenori Maruyama M.Santosh Shintaro Azuma | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，4： | 8 |
| 10 | High-intensity interval training for health benefits and care of cardiac diseases——The key to an efficient exercise protocol显示文摘Aerobic capacity, which is expressed as peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), is well-known to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular prognosis. This is true even for people with various coronary risk factors and cardiovascular diseases. Although exercise training is the best method to improve VO2peak, the guidelines of most academic societies recommend 150 or 75 min of moderate- or vigorous- intensity physical activities, respectively, every week to gain health benefits. For general health and primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been recognized as an efficient exercise protocol with short exercise sessions. Given the availability of the numerous HIIT protocols, which can be classified into aerobic HIIT and anaerobic HIIT [usually called sprint interval training (SIT)], professionals in health-related fields, including primary physicians and cardiologists, may find it confusing when trying to select an appropriate protocol for their patients. This review describes the classifications of aerobic HIIT and SIT, and their differences in terms of effects, target subjects, adaptability, working mechanisms, and safety. Understanding the HIIT protocols and adopting the correct type for each subject would lead to better improvements in VO2peak with higher adherence and less risk. | Shigenori Ito | 2019 | World Journal of Cardiology2019，11，7： | 8 |
| 11 | Fossil Association from the Lower Cambrian Yanjiahe Formation in the Yangtze Gorges Area,Hubei,South China显示文摘摘要:除了以前报导的小壳的石块(SSF ) ,一个宏观的石块集合,包括的丰富的水藻,锥形的管状的石块形式,和可能的印象一放大了后生动物,在西方的湖北省的 Yangtze 峡区域来自更低的寒武纪的 Yanjiahe 形成,华南。可见石块在 thinlaminated siltstone 被保存或泥泞 siltstone 在 815 公里厚的碳酸盐存款之间设置了,浅水里的抑制本地消沉的可能代表的沉积背景在早寒武纪的 Meishucunian 阶段期间焦化站台。宏观的石块协会关于生活的进化提供重要石块证据从对寒武纪的爆炸间隔晚前寒武纪。 | GUO Junfeng LI Yong HAN Jian ZHANG Xingliang ZHANG Zhifei OU Qiang LIU Jianni SHU Degan Shigenori MARUYAMA Tsuyoshi KOMIYA | 2008 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2008，82，6： | 8 |
| 12 | Determination of the Drag Coefficient over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘In this paper,a preliminary study is given on the drag (i.e.bulk transfer for momentum) coefficient,on the basis of data from four sets of AWS in Tibet during the first observational year from July 1993 to July 1994 according to China Japan Asian Monsoon Cooperative Research Program.The results show that the drag coefficient over the Tibetan Plateau is 3.3 to 4.4×103.In addition,monthly and diurnal variations of drag coefficient and the relationship among the drag coefficients and the bulk Richardson number,surface roughness length and wind speed at 10 m height are discussed in detail. | 李国平 段廷杨 万军 龚原发 Shigenori Haginoya 陈隆勋 李维亮 | 1996 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1996，13，4： | 8 |
| 13 | Patient characteristics with high or low blood urea nitrogen in upper gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During this time, 3296 patients underwent upper endoscopy. In total, 50 male(69.2 ± 13.2 years) and 26 female(72.3 ± 10.2 years) patients were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on BUN levels: higher than the normal limit(21.0 mg/d L)(H) and lower thanthe normal limit(L). One-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal differences in the variables between the H and L groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the percentage of patients with gastric ulcer or gastric cancer in the H and L groups.RESULTS: White blood cell count was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0047). Hemoglobin level was lower in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0307). Glycated hemoglobin was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0264). The percentage of patients with gastric ulcer was higher in the H group(P = 0.0002). The H group contained no patients with gastric cancer.CONCLUSION: Patients with BUN ≥ 21 mg/d L might have more severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding. | Minoru Tomizawa Fuminobu Shinozaki Rumiko Hasegawa Yoshinori Shirai Yasufumi Motoyoshi Takao Sugiyama Shigenori Yamamoto Naoki Ishige | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，24： | 8 |
| 14 | Antistatic PVC-graphene Composite through Plasticizer-mediated Exfoliation of Graphite显示文摘Multilayer graphene was prepared by mechanical exfoliation of natural graphite with dioctyl phthalate(DOP) as milling medium without solvent. The obtained mixture could be directly mixed with poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC) for melt-forming, with DOP acting as plasticizer and graphene acting as conductive filler for antistatic performance. The composite showed surface resistance of 2.5 ×10~6 Ω/□ at 1 wt% carbon additive, significantly lower than approx. 7 wt% of raw graphite required for achieving the same level. This value is low enough for practical antistatic criterion of 3 × 10~8 Ω/□. The effect of filler addition on mechanical performance was minimal, or even beneficial for the milled carbon in contrast to the case of raw graphite. | Zi-Bo Wei Yang Zhao Chao Wang Shigenori Kuga Yong Huang Min Wu | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2018，36，12： | 6 |
| 15 | Sonoporation:Gene transfer using ultrasound显示文摘Genes can be transferred using viral or non-viral vectors.Non-viral methods that use plasmid DNA and short interference RNA(si RNA)have advantages,such as low immunogenicity and low likelihood of genomic integration in the host,when compared to viral methods.Non-viral methods have potential merit,but their gene transfer efficiency is not satisfactory.Therefore,new methods should be developed.Low-frequency ultrasound irradiation causes mechanical perturbation of the cell membrane,allowing the uptake of large molecules in the vicinity of the cavitation bubbles.The collapse of these bubbles generates small transient holes in the cell membrane and induces transient membrane permeabi-lization.This formation of small pores in the cell membrane using ultrasound allows the transfer of DNA/RNA into the cell.This phenomenon is known as sonoporation and is a gene delivery method that shows great promise as a potential new approach in gene therapy.Microbubbles lower the threshold of cavity formation.Complexes of therapeutic genes and microbubbles improve the transfer efficiency of genes.Diagnostic ultrasound is potentially a suitable sonoporator because it allows the real-time monitoring of irradiated fields. | Minoru Tomizawa Fuminobu Shinozaki Yasufumi Motoyoshi Takao Sugiyama Shigenori Yamamoto Makoto Sueishi | 2013 | World Journal of Methodology2013，3，4： | 4 |
| 16 | Secular change in lifetime of granitic crust and the continental growth: A new view from detrital zircon ages of sandstones显示文摘U-Pb ages of detrital zircons were newly dated for 4 Archean sandstones from the Pilbara craton in Australia, Wyoming craton in North America, and Kaapvaal craton in Africa. By using the present results with previously published data, we compiled the age spectra of detrital zircons for 2.9, 2.6, 2.3,1.0, and0.6 Ga sandstones and modern river sands in order to document the secular change in age structure of continental crusts through time. The results demonstrated the following episodes in the history of continental crust:(1) low growth rate of the continents due to the short cycle in production/destruction of granitic crust during the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic(2.9-23 Ga),(2) net increase in volume of the continents during Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic(2.3-1.0 Ga), and(3) net decrease in volume of the continents during the Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic(after 1.0 Ga). In the Archean and Paleoproterozoic, the embryonic continents were smaller than the modern continents, probably owing to the relatively rapid production and destruction of continental crust. This is indeed reflected in the heterogeneous crustal age structure of modern continents that usually have relatively small amount of Archean crusts with respect to the post-Archean ones. During the Mesoproterozoic, plural continents amalgamated into larger ones comparable to modern continental blocks in size. Relatively older crusts were preserved in continental interiors, whereas younger crusts were accreted along continental peripheries.In addition to continental arc magmatism, the direct accretion of intra-oceanic island arc around continental peripheries also became important for net continental growth. Since 1.0 Ga, total volume of continents has decreased, and this appears consistent with on-going phenomena along modern active arc-trench system with dominant tectonic erosion and/or arc subduction. Subduction of a huge amount of granitic crusts into the mantle through time is suggested, and this requires re-consideration of the mantle composition and heterogeneity. | Hikaru Sawada Yukio Isozaki Shuhei Sakata Takafumi Hirata Shigenori Maruyama | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，4： | 4 |
| 17 | The second continent:Existence of granitic continental materials around the bottom of the mantle transition zone显示文摘它被认为那个花岗石的外壳,在表面上被形成了,因为它的快活,肯定通过地球的进化幸存。在 subduction 地区,大陆人外壳被弧 magmatism 主要创造并且经由沉积 subduction, subduction 侵蚀,和大陆人 subduction 被还给披风。花岗石的岩石,大陆人外壳的主要成分,是比在比 270 浅的深度的披风轻的 km ,而是我们这里的表演基于第一原则计算,在 270 km 下面,他们在上面的披风和转变地区与包围材料相比有否定快活,并且能因此是在 270660 km 的深度范围的 subducted 。这建议能在披风转变地区(MTZ ) 的底有在地球,表面上的地球和其它中的花岗石的材料的二座水库。subducted 的积累的体积在到大约六的 MTZ 力量数量的底的花岗石的材料预定大陆人外壳的现在的体积。我们的计算也证明在从 270 ~ 660 km 的深度范围的花岗石的材料的地震速度是比包围披风的那些快的。这能解释在 660 km 深度附近观察的异常震波的速度。观察了地震 scatterers 并且报导 660 km 断绝切开能由于硬玉的一种分离,在花岗石的材料之间的化学断绝和包围披风,或它的联合。 | Kenji Kawai Shinji Yamamoto Taku Tsuchiya Shigenori Maruyama | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，1： | 4 |
| 18 | Clinical impacts of mesothelin expression in gastrointestinal carcinomas显示文摘Mesothelin,C-ERC/mesothelin is a 40-kD a cell surface glycoprotein that is normally present on normal mesothelial cells lining the pleura,peritoneum,and pericardium.Moreover,mesothelin has been shown to be overexpressed in several human cancers,including virtually all mesothelioma and pancreatic cancer approximately 70% of ovarian cancer and extra bile duc cancer,and 50% of lung adenocarcinomas and gastric cancer.The full-length human mesothelin gene encodes the primary product,a 71-k Da precursor protein.The71-kD a mesothelin precursor is cleaved into two products40-k Da C-terminal fragment that remains membranebound via glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor,and a31-kD a N-terminal fragment,megakaryocyte potentiating factor,which is secreted into the blood.The biologica functions of mesothelin remain largely unknown However,results of recent studies have suggested tha the mesothelin may play a role of cell proliferation and migration.In pancreatic cancer,mesothelin expression was immunohistochemically observed in all cases,bu absent in normal pancreas and in chronic pancreatitis Furthermore,the expression of mesothelin was correlated with an poorer patient outcome in severa human cancers.The limited mesothelin expression in normal tissues and high expression in many cancers makes it an attractive candidate for cancer therapy.The present review discusses the expression and function o mesothelin in cancer cells and the utility of mesothelin as a target of cancer therapy. | Takahiro Einama Futoshi Kawamata Hirofumi Kamachi Hiroshi Nishihara Shigenori Homma Fumihiko Matsuzawa Tatsuzo Mizukami Yuji Konishi Munenori Tahara Toshiya Kamiyama Okio Hino Akinobu Taketomi Satoru Todo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，2： | 4 |
| 19 | Triggers and sources of volatile-bearing plumes in the mantle transition zone显示文摘The paper discusses generation of volatile-bearing plumes in the mantle transition zone(MTZ) in terms of mineral-fluid petrology and their related formation of numerous localities of intra-plate bimodal volcanic series in Central and East Asia.The plume generation in the MTZ can be triggered by the tectonic erosion of continental crust at Pacific-type convergent margins and by the presence of water and carbon dioxide in the mantle.Most probable sources of volatiles are the hyclrated/carbonated sediments and basalts and serpentinite of oceanic slabs,which can be subducted down to the deep mantle.Tectonic erosion of continental crust supplies crustal material enriched in uranium and thorium into the mantle,which can serve source of heat in the MTZ.The heating in the MTZ induces melting of subducted slabs and continental crust and mantle upwelling,to produce OIB-type mafic and felsic melts,respectively. | Inna Safonova Konstantin Litasov Shigenori Maruyama | 2015 | Geoscience Frontiers2015，6，5： | 4 |
| 20 | Comprehensive review of post-liver resection surgical complications and a new universal classification and grading system显示文摘Liver resection is the gold standard treatment for certain liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumors. Some patients with such tumors already have reduced liver function due to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, or chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis before surgery. Therefore, complications due to poor liver function are inevitable after liver resection. Although the mortality rate of liver resection has been reduced to a few percent in recent case series, its overall morbidity rate is reported to range from 4.1% to 47.7%. The large degree of variation in the post-liver resection morbidity rates reported in previous studies might be due to the lack of consen-sus regarding the definitions and classification of postliver resection complications. The Clavien-Dindo(CD) classification of post-operative complications is widely accepted internationally. However, it is hard to apply to some major post-liver resection complications because the consensus definitions and grading systems for posthepatectomy liver failure and bile leakage established by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery are incompatible with the CD classification. Therefore, a unified classification of post-liver resection complications has to be established to allow comparisons between academic reports. | Masayuki Ishii Toru Mizuguchi Kohei Harada Shigenori Ota Makoto Meguro Tomomi Ueki Toshihiko Nishidate Kenji Okita Koichi Hirata | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，10： | 3 |
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