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| 1 | Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders显示文摘Deep brain stimulation(DBS) is emerging as a pow-erful tool for the alleviation of targeted symptoms in treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the expanding use of neuropsychiatric DBS, the mecha-nisms responsible for its effects are only starting to be elucidated. Several modalities such as quantitative elec-troencephalography as well a intraoperative recordings have been utilized to attempt to understand the under-pinnings of this new treatment modality, but functional imaging appears to offer several unique advantages. Functional imaging techniques like positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomog-raphy and functional magnetic resonance imaging have been used to examine the effects of focal DBS on activ-ity in a distributed neural network. These investigations are critical for advancing the field of invasive neuro-modulation in a safe and effective manner, particularly in terms of defining the neuroanatomical targets and refining the stimulation protocols. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current functional neuroim-aging findings from neuropsychiatric DBS implantation for three disorders: treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Tourette syndrome. All of the major targets will be discussed(Nucleus ac-cumbens, anterior limb of internal capsule, subcallosal cingulate, Subthalamic nucleus, Centromedial nucleus of the thalamus-Parafasicular complex, frontal pole, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). We will also address some apparent inconsistencies within this literature, and suggest potential future directions for this promis-ing area. | Nolan R Williams Joseph J Taylor Kayla Lamb Colleen A Hanlon E Baron Short Mark S George | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，10： | 6 |
| 2 | Abnormal left ventricular filling with increasing age reflects abnormal myocardial characteristics independent of ischemia or hypertrophy显示文摘 | YUDA S SHORT L LEANO R | 2003 | Am J Cardiol2003，91，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Aspects of the surface and bulk ni- tration of cellulose in nitric acid, nitric acid/water, and ni- tric acid/dichloromethane mixes 显示文摘 | Short R D Munro H S | 1990 | Journal of Applied Polymer Science1990，39，： | 1 |
| 4 | Improved laser-beam uniformity using the angular dispersion of frequency-modulated light显示文摘 | Skupsky S Short R W Kessler T | 1989 | J Appl Phys1989，66，： | 1 |
| 5 | Validation of ventilation rate measurement methods and ammonia emission from naturally ventilated dairy and beef buildings in the United Kingdom 显示文摘 | Demmers T GM Phillips V R Short L S | 2001 | Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research2001，79，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Verification of the acute physiology and Chronic health evaluation scoring system in a Hong Kong intensive care unit 显示文摘 | Oh TE Hutchinson R Short S | 1993 | Crit Care Med1993，21，： | 1 |
| 7 | Verification of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation scoring system in a HongKong intensive care unit 显示文摘 | Teik OH Hutehinson R Short S | 1993 | Crit Care Med1993，21，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Potential HIV 1 target cells in the human penis显示文摘 | McCoombe S G Short R V | 2006 | AIDS2006，20，11： | 1 |
| 9 | Site-selection model foroptimal transplantation of eelgrass Zostera marina in the northeast-ern US显示文摘 | Short F T Davis R C Kopp B S | 2002 | Marine Ecology Progress Series2002，227，： | 1 |
| 10 | Verification of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation scoring system in a Hong Kong intensive care unit显示文摘 | Oh TE Hutchinson R Short S | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 11 | Extin- ction risk assessment of the world's seagrass species 显示文摘 | Short F T Polidoro B Livingstone S R | 2011 | Biological Conservation2011，144，： | 1 |
| 12 | Isolation of drug residues from tissues by solid phase dispersion显示文摘 | BAKER S A LONG A R SHORT C R | 1989 | J Chromatogr A1989，475，： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of t (3) induced hyperthyroidismon mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis rates in oxidative and glycolytic tissues in rats显示文摘 | Short K R Nygren J Nair K S | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Myocardial abnormalities in hypertensive patients with normal and abnormal left ventricular filling:a study of ultrasound tissue characterization and strain显示文摘 | Yuda S Short I Leano R | 2002 | Clin Sci2002，103，3： | 1 |
| 15 | The identi- fication of heme oxygenase as a major hypoxie stress protein in chinese hamster ovary ceils 显示文摘 | Murphy B J Laderoute K R Short S M | 1991 | Br J Cancer1991，64，1： | 1 |
| 16 | The dimensionality of the Maslach Burnout Inventory across small business owners and educators显示文摘 | Boles J S Dean D H Xavier J M R Short J C Wang G P | 2000 | Journal of Vocational Behavior2000，56，： | 1 |
| 17 | Development of an underwater mass-spectrometry system for in situ chemical analysis显示文摘 | Short R T Fries D P Toler S K | 1999 | Measurement Science and Technology1999，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | An experimental study of acoustic vibration effects in optical fiber current sensors显示文摘 | SHORT S X TANTASWADI P de CARVALHO R T | 1996 | IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery1996，11，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Improved laser-beam uniformity using the angular dispersion of frequency-modulated light 显示文摘 | SKUPSKY S SHORT R W KESSLER T J etal | 1989 | Journal of Applied Physics1989，66，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Ten years after: examination of adolescent screening questions that predict future violence - related injury显示文摘 | Sege R Stringham P Short S | 1999 | J Adolesc Health1999，24，6： | 1 |
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