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| 1 | 卫生经济学评价报告标准共识2022(CHEERS 2022):卫生经济学评价报告指导意见更新版显示文摘卫生经济学评价是对备选行动方案的成本和结果的比较分析。2013年发表的《卫生经济学评价报告标准共识》(CHEERS)提出了卫生经济学评价的特点,确保结果正确阐释,以支持决策制订。2013版CHEERS旨在指导研究报告撰写者准确报告卫生干预和对照措施、背景、过程、结果等评价细节,使审稿人理解文章内容,帮助读者使用研究结果。本版共识将取代2013版共识,其更加适用于各类卫生经济学评价,结合学科发展和方法更新的需要,更注重患者、公众等相关利益方的参与。本共识适用多种个体或人群健康干预措施(简单或复杂)在不同政策场景的应用分析,包括医疗服务、公共卫生、教育、社会服务等。本文概要介绍了CHEERS 2022共识中包含的28个检查项及每一个检查项的相关建议。CHEERS 2022共识主要用于指导研究人员撰写拟投递同行评议学术期刊的卫生经济学评价文章,亦可用于期刊编辑和审稿专家对待发表文章的评价。熟悉了解本共识要求,还有助于研究人员规划评价研究。随着决策透明度要求提高,本共识可支持卫生技术评估机构建立评价报告标准。 | Don Husereau Michael Drummond Federico Augustovski Esther de Bekker-Grob Andrew H Briggs Chris Carswell Lisa Caulley Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk Dan Greenberg Elizabeth Loder Josephine Mauskopf C Daniel Mullins Stavros Petrou Raoh-Fang Pwu Sophie Staniszewska on behalf of CHEERSISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force 肖月(译) 邱英鹏(译) 史黎炜(译) 张治国(译) 张歆(译) 王海银(译) 翟铁民(译) | 2022 | 英国医学杂志中文版2022，25，8： | 31 |
| 2 | Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: Which way to go?显示文摘AIM: To compare the outcome of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from 293 consecutive patients with acute appendicitis were studied. These comprised of 165 patients who underwent conventional appendectomy and 128 patients treated laparoscopically. The two groups were compared with respect to operative time, length of hospital stay, postoperative pain, complication rate and cost. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences regarding patient characteristics between the two groups. Conversion to laparotomy was necessary in 2 patients (1.5%). Laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with a shorter hospital stay (2.2 d vs 3.1 d, P = 0.04), and lower incidence of wound infection (5.3% vs 12.8%, P = 0.03). However, in patients with complicated disease, intra-abdominal abscess formation was more common after laparoscopic appendectomy (5.3% vs 2.1%, P = 0.002). The operative time and analgesia requirements were similar in the two groups. The cost of treatment was higher by 370 € in the laparoscopic group. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic appendectomy is as safe and effi cient as open appendectomy, provided surgical experience and equipment are available. | Ioannis Kehagias Stavros Nikolaos Karamanakos Spyros Panagiotopoulos Konstantinos Panagopoulos Fotis Kalfarentzos | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，31： | 25 |
| 3 | Risk factors associated with pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy, which technique of pancreatic stump closure is more beneficial?显示文摘AIM: To identify risk factors related to pancreatic fistula in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy (DP) and to determine the effectiveness of using a stapled and a sutured closed of pancreatic stump. METHODS: Sixty-four patients underwent DP during a 10-year period. Information regarding diagnosis, operative details, and perioperative morbidity or mortality was collected. Eight risk factors were examined. RESULTS: Indications for DP included primary pancreatic disease (n = 38, 59%) and non-pancreatic malignancy (n = 26, 41%). Postoperative mortality and morbidity rates were 1.5% and 37% respectively; one patient died due to sepsis and two patients required a reoperation due to postoperative bleeding. Pancreatic fistula was developed in 14 patients (22%); 4 of fistulas were classified as Grade A, 9 as Grade B and only 1 as Grade C. Incidence of pancreatic fistula rate was significantly associated with four risk factors: pathology, use of prophylactic octreotide therapy, concomitant splenectomy, and texture of pancreatic parenchyma. The role that technique (either stapler or suture) of pancreatic stump closure plays in the development of pancreatic leak remains unclear. CONCLUSION: The pancreatic fistula rate after DP is 22%. This is reduced for patients with non-pancreatic malignancy, fibrotic pancreatic tissue, postoperative prophylactic octreotide therapy and concomitant splenectomy. | Marco Pericoli Ridolfini Sergio Alfieri Stavros Gourgiotis Dario Di Miceli Fabio Rotondi Giuseppe Quero Roberta Manghi Giovanni Battista Doglietto | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，38： | 24 |
| 4 | Perioperative pain control after total knee arthroplasty: An evidence based review of the role of peripheral nerve blocks显示文摘Over the last decades,the number of total knee arthroplasty procedures performed in the United States has been increasing dramatically.This very successful intervention,however,is associated with significant postoperative pain,and adequate postoperative analgesia is mandatory in order to allow for successful rehabilitation and recovery.The use of regional anesthesia and peripheral nerve blocks has facilitated and improved this goal.Many different approaches and techniques for peripheral nerve blockades,either landmark or,more recently,ultrasound guided have been described over the last decades.This includes but is not restricted to techniques discussed in this review.The introduction of ultrasound has improved many approaches to peripheral nerves either in success rate and/or time to block.Moreover,ultrasound has enhanced the safety of peripheral nerve blocks due to immediate needle visualization and as consequence needle guidance during the block.In contrast to patient controlled analgesia using opioids,patients with a regional anesthetic technique suffer from fewer adverse events and show higher patient satisfaction;this is important as hospital rank-ings and advertisement have become more common worldwide and many patients use these factors in order to choose a certain institution for a specific procedure.This review provides a short overview of currently used regional anesthetic and analgesic techniques focusing on related implications,considerations and outcomes. | Thomas Danninger Mathias Opperer Stavros G Memtsoudis | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，3： | 20 |
| 5 | 干砂最大剪切模量的共振柱与弯曲元试验显示文摘对德国4种干砂试样进行了共振柱与弯曲元对比试验,旨在分析弯曲元法测定砂土最大剪切模量时存在问题和解决方法。研究表明:时域初达法判定的剪切波传播时间较其他方法具有更好的稳定性;弯曲元试验测定最大剪切模量输入电压脉冲频率的减小而减小,衰减程度因砂土类型而异,该影响随围压的增大而减弱;对比分析表明,弯曲元与共振柱试验测定的最大剪切模量具有良好的线性关系,对柏林砂和不伦瑞克砂,存在一个临界最大剪切模量,小于该临界值时,弯曲元测值大于共振柱测值,而大于该临界值时,前者小于后者,两者差值随土样刚度增大而增大。对比研究指出,弯曲元试验尽可能采用合适高频脉冲电压作为激发电压,实践中应事先与共振柱试验进行对比。 | 柏立懂 项伟 SAVIDIS A Stavros RACKWITZ Frank | 2012 | 岩土工程学报2012，34，1： | 19 |
| 6 | Circulating endothelial and progenitor cells:Evidence from acute and long-term exercise effects显示文摘Circulating bone-marrow-derived cells,named endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),are capable of maintaining,generating,and replacing terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue as a consequence of physiological cell turnover or tissue damage due to injury.Endothelium maintenance and restoration of normal endothelial cell function is guaranteed by a complex physiological procedure in which EPCs play a significant role.Decreased number of peripheral blood EPCs has been associated with endothelial dysfunction and high cardiovascular risk.In this review,we initially report current knowledge with regard to the role of EPCs in healthy subjects and the clinical value of EPCs in different disease populations such as arterial hypertension,obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome,obesity,diabetes mellitus,peripheral arterial disease,coronary artery disease,pulmonary hypertension,and heart failure.Recent studies have introduced the novel concept that physical activity,either performed as a single exercise session or performed as part of an exercise training program,results in a significant increase of circulating EPCs.In the second part of this review we provide preliminary evidence from recent studies investigating the effects of acute and long-term exercise in healthy subjects and athletes as well as in disease populations. | Matina Koutroumpi Stavros Dimopoulos Katherini Psarra Theodoros Kyprianou Serafim Nanas | 2012 | World Journal of Cardiology2012，4，12： | 18 |
| 7 | Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of normal and abnorma scrotum: preliminary results显示文摘阴囊的磁性的回声(先生) 成像在阴囊的疾病的评估代表一个重要补加的诊断工具。散开加权(DW ) 先生成像是一种发展中的技术,证明了改进织物描述。我们在阴囊的损害的察觉和描述评估了可行性和 DW 先生成像的诊断性能。我们回顾地在 26 个人评估了 31 阴囊的损害(23 intratesticular 和 8 extratesticular ) 。所有先生考试在一个 1.5-T 单位上被执行,用骨盆阶段的数组卷。DW 序列用单个射击被获得, multislice 旋转回响平面散开脉搏顺序和 0 和 900 的一个 b 因素; s 公里 −2 。DW 先生特征和明显的散开系数(模数转换器) 正常阴囊的内容和阴囊的疾病珍视被评估。在正常阴囊,良性的损害和阴囊的恶意的 ADC 价值之间的比较被执行。常规序列,独自一个的 DW 图象和 DW 成像的精确性在区分与常规图象结合了从恶意的阴囊的损害良性被计算。阴囊的恶意的模数转换器价值与正常睾丸和良性的 intratesticular 损害的那些不同,并且 ADC 正常 epididymis 从那些良性的 extratesticular 损害珍视(P< 0.05 ) 。常规成像,独自一个的 DW 成像和在 intratesticular 损害的描述与常规序列相结合的 DW 先生的全面精确性是 91 %, 87 %并且 100 %分别地。我们的调查结果建议 DW 先生成像和模数转换器价值可以在阴囊的疾病的诊断和描述提供珍贵信息。 | Athina C Tsili Maria I Argyropoulou Dimitrios Giannakis Stavros Tsampalas Nikolaos Sofikitis Konstantinos Tsampoulas | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，4： | 18 |
| 8 | Chemokines and atherosclerosis: focus on the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 pathway显示文摘动脉粥样硬化当前被认为煽动性的疾病。许多注意作为预示 / 诊断的标记或动脉粥样硬化患者的治疗学的目标集中于煽动性的调停人的潜在的角色心血管的疾病。CX3CL1 (或 fractalkine ) 有一口井的在结构上和机能上地独特的 chemokine 被记录在动脉粥样硬化的角色。在它的膜界限形式,它支持卷白细胞到容器墙上的坚挺的粘附,当在它的可溶的形式它为表示 CX3CR1 房间用作有势力 chemoattractant 时。另外, CX3CL1 在脉管的房间上在内皮细胞层以及 anti-apoptotic 和 proliferative 效果上施加细胞毒素的效果,影响动脉粥样硬化患者匾的上下文和稳定性。动物模型上的研究证明了 CX3CL1/CX3CR1 小径的封锁改善动脉粥样硬化的严厉,当基因传染病学证实了那时,一条遗传上定义的不太活跃的 CX3CL1/CX3CR1 小径在人与动脉粥样硬化患者疾病的减少的风险被联系。尽管几研究在 atherogenesis 和匾 destabilization 支持 CX3CL1/CX3CR1 的一个重要病原的角色,这未必确实建议这条小径是一个合适的治疗学的目标或 CX3CL1 能用作预示 / 诊断的 biomarker。CX3CL1/CX3CR1 chemokine 小径上的进一步的研究清楚地被保证在动脉粥样硬化认为它的角色的临床的关联正当。 | Stavros APOSTOLAKIS Demetrios SPANDIDOS | 2013 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2013，34，10： | 17 |
| 9 | Perioperative outcomes and type of anesthesia in hip surgical patients: An evidence based review显示文摘Over the last decades the demand for hip surgery,be it elective or in a traumatic setting,has greatly increased and is projected to expand even further.Concurrent with demographic changes the affected population is burdened by an increase in average comorbidity and serious complications.It has been suggested that the choice of anesthesia not only affects the surgery setting but also the perioperative outcome as a whole.Therefore different approaches and anesthetic techniques have been developed to offer individual anesthetic and analgesic care to hip surgery patients.Recent studies on comparative effectiveness utilizing population based data have given us a novel insight on anesthetic practice and outcome,showing favorable results in the usage of regional vs general anesthesia.In this review we aim to give an overview of anesthetic techniques in use for hip surgery and their impact on perioperative outcome.While there still remains a scarcity of data investigating perioperative outcomes and anesthesia,most studies concur on a positive outcome in overall mortality,thromboembolic events,blood loss and transfusion requirements when comparing regional to gener-al anesthesia.Much of the currently available evidence suggests that a comprehensive medical approach with emphasis on regional anesthesia can prove beneficial to patients and the health care system. | Mathias Opperer Thomas Danninger Ottokar Stundner Stavros G Memtsoudis | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，3： | 17 |
| 10 | Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients显示文摘AIM:To investigate the comparative effect of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in elderly patients.METHODS:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has induced a revolution in the treatment of gallbladder disease.Nevertheless,surgeons have been reluctant to implement the concepts of minimally invasive surgery in older patients.A systematic review of Medline was embarked on,up to June 2013.Studies which provided outcome data on patients aged 65 years or older,subjected to laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy were considered.Mortality,morbidity,cardiac and pulmonary complications were the outcome measures of treatment effect.The methodological quality of selected studies was appraised using valid assessment tools.Τhe random-effects model was applied to synthesize outcome data.RESULTS:Out of a total of 337 records,thirteen articles(2 randomized and 11 observational studies)reporting on the outcome of 101559 patients(48195in the laparoscopic and 53364 in the open treatment group,respectively)were identified.Odds ratios(OR)were constantly in favor of laparoscopic surgery,in terms of mortality(1.0%vs 4.4%,OR=0.24,95%CI:0.17-0.35,P<0.00001),morbidity(11.5%vs 21.3%,OR=0.44,95%CI:0.33-0.59,P<0.00001),cardiac(0.6%vs 1.2%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.38-0.80,P=0.002)and respiratory complications(2.8%vs 5.0%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.51-0.60,P<0.00001).Critical analysis of solid study data,demonstrated a trend towards improved outcomes for the laparoscopic concept,when adjusted for age and co-morbid diseases.CONCLUSION:Further high-quality evidence is necessary to draw definite conclusions,although bestavailable evidence supports the selective use of laparoscopy in this patient population. | Stavros A Antoniou George A Antoniou Oliver O Koch Rudolph Pointner Frank A Granderath | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 17 |
| 11 | Locoregional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current evidence and future directions显示文摘Liver cancers are the second most frequent cause of global cancer-related mortality of which 90%are attributable to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advent of screening programmes for patients with known risk factors,a substantial number of patients are ineligible for curative surgery at presentation with limited outcomes achievable with systemic chemotherapy/external radiotherapy.This has led to the advent of numerous minimally invasive options including but not limited to trans-arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency/microwave ablation and more recently selective internal radiation therapy many of which are often the first-line treatment for select stages of HCC or serve as a conduit to liver transplant.The authors aim to provide a comprehensive overview of these various image guided minimally invasive therapies with a brief focus on the technical aspects accompanied by a critical analysis of the literature to assess the most up-to-date evidence from comparative systematic reviews and meta-analyses finishing with an assessment of novel combination regimens and future directions of travel. | Riccardo Inchingolo Alessandro Posa Martin Mariappan Stavros Spiliopoulos | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，32： | 14 |
| 12 | Current status of high on-treatment platelet reactivity in patients with coronary or peripheral arterial disease:Mechanisms,evaluation and clinical implications显示文摘Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel or both is the standard care for patients with proven coronary or peripheral arterial disease,especially those undergoing endovascular revascularization procedures. However,despite the administration of the antiplatelet regiments,some patients still experience recurrent cardiovascular ischemic events. So far,it is well documented by several studies that in vitro response of platelets may be extremely variable. Poor antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel or high on-treatment platelet reactivity(HTPR) is under investigation by numerous recent studies. This review article focuses on methods used for the ex vivo evaluation of HTPR,as well as on the possible underlying mechanisms and the clinical consequences of this entity. Alternative therapeutic options and future directions are also addressed. | Stavros Spiliopoulos Georgios Pastromas | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，12： | 13 |
| 13 | Genetic and epigenetic risks of intracytoplasmic sperm injection method显示文摘怀孕由帮助繁殖技术完成了,特别地由胞质内精子注射(ICSI ) 过程,产生对与 ICSI 对待的男人口固有的基因风险和对这个创新过程固有的另外的风险。记录,以及理论,风险在现在的评论学习被讨论。这些风险主要表示位于男性下面的基因畸形的后果代替生育力(或不孕) 并且可能在不孕的治疗为新奇途径和应用的发展成为激发器。另外,冒的风险,当先天的异例和另外的理论或随机的风险被讨论,一个复合基因背景出现在出生。最近的数据建议那种帮助繁殖技术可能也影响雄配子,雌配子,或力量的渐成说特征影响早胚胎开始。它可能也为印畸形的 genomic 与增加的风险被联系。 | Ioannis Georgiou Maria Syrrou Nicolaos Pardalidis Konstantinos Karakitsios Themis Mantzavinos Nikolaos Giotitsas Dimitrios Loutradis Fotis Dimitriadis Motoaki Saito Ikuo Miyagawa Pavlos Tzoumis Anastasios Sylakos Nikolaos Kanakas Theodoros Moustakareas Dimitrios Baltogiannis Stavros Touloupides Dimitrios Giannakis Michael Fatouros Nikolaos Sofikitis | 2006 | Asian Journal of Andrology2006，8，6： | 9 |
| 14 | Introduction of endoscopic submucosal dissection in the West显示文摘Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) is well established in Asia as a modality for selected advancedlesions of both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, but ESD has not attained the same niche in the West due to a variety of reasons. These include competition from traditional surgery, minimally invasive surgery and endoscopic mucosal resection. Other obstacles to ESD introduction in the West include time commitment for learning and doing procedures, a steep learning curve, special equipment, lack of mentors, cost issues, interdisciplinary conflicts, concern regarding complications and lack of support from institutions and interfacing departments. There are intrinsic differences in pathology prevalence(e.g., early gastric cancer) between the two regions that are less conducive for ESD implementation in the West. We will elaborate on these issues and suggest measures as well as a protocol to overcome these obstacles and hopefully allow introduction of ESD as a tenable option for appropriate patients. | David Friedel Stavros Nicholas Stavropoulos | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2018，10，10： | 9 |
| 15 | Surgical management of chronic pancreatitis显示文摘BACKGROUND: Treatment of chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a challenging condition for surgeons. During the last decades, increasing knowledge about pathophysiology of CP, improved results of major pancreatic resections, and integration of sophisticated diagnostic methods in clinical practice have resulted in significant changes in surgery for CP. DATA SOURCES: To detail the indications for CP surgery, the surgical procedures, and outcome, a Pubmed database search was performed. The abstracts of searched articles about surgical management of CP were reviewed. The articles could be identified and further scrutinized. Further references were extracted by cross-referencing. RESULTS: Main indications of CP for surgery are intractable pain, suspicion of malignancy, and involvement of adjacent organs. The goal of surgical treatment is to improve the quality of life of patients. The surgical approach to CP should be individualized according to pancreatic anatomy, pain characteristics, baseline exocrine and endocrine function, and medical co-morbidity. The approach usually involves pancreatic duct drainage and resection including longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy, pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple's procedure), pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, distal pancreatectomy, total pancreatectomy, duodenum- preserving pancreatic head resection (Beger's procedure), and local resection of the pancreatic head with longitudinal pancreatojejunostomy (Frey's procedure). Non-pancreatic and endoscopic management of pain has also been advocated. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical procedures provide long-term pain relief, a good postoperative quality of life withpreservation of endocrine and exocrine pancreatic function, and are associated with low early and late mortality and morbidity. In addition to available results from randomized controlled trials, new studies are needed to determine which procedure is the most effective for the management of patients with CP. | Stavros Gourgiotis Stylianos Germanos Marco Pericoli Ridolfini | 2007 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2007，6，2： | 8 |
| 16 | Per-oral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: An American perspective显示文摘Achalasia is an uncommon esophageal motility disorder characterized by the selective loss of enteric neurons leading to absence of peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter.Per-oral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) is a novel modality for the treatment of achalasia performed by gastroenterologists and surgeons.It represents a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES) approach to Heller myotomy.POEM has the minimal invasiveness of an endoscopic procedure that can duplicate results of the surgical Heller myotomy.POEM is conceptually similar to a surgical myotomy without the inherent external incisions and post-operative care associated with surgery.Initial high success and low complications rates promise a great future for this technique.In fact,POEM has been successfully performed on patients with end-stage achalasia as an initial treatment reserving esophagectomy for those without good response.The volume of POEMs performed worldwide has grown exponentially.In fact,surgeons who have performed Heller myotomy have embraced POEM as the preferred intervention for achalasia.However,the niche of POEM remains to be defined and long term results are awaited.We describe our experience with POEM having performed the first POEM outside of Japan in 2009,the evolution of our technique,and give our perspective on its future. | David Friedel Rani Modayil Shahzad Iqbal James H Grendell Stavros N Stavropoulos | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，9： | 8 |
| 17 | Systematic review of safety and efficacy of therapeutic endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography during pregnancy including studies of radiation-free therapeutic endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography显示文摘AIM To systematically review safety/efficacy of therapeutic endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) performed during pregnancy, considering fetal viability, fetal teratogenicity, premature delivery, and future postpartum development of the infant.METHODS Systematic computerized literature search performed using PubMed with the key words 'ERCP' and 'pregnancy'. Two clinicians independently reviewed the literature, and decided on which articles to incorporate in this review based on consensus and preassigned priorities. Large clinical trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and controlled trials were assigned higher priority than review articles or small clinical series, and individual case reports were assigned lowest priority. Dr. Cappell has formal training and considerable experience in conducting systematic reviews, with 4 published systematic reviews in peer-reviewed journals indexed in PubM ed during the last 2 years, and with a PhD in neurophysiology that involved 5 years of training and research in biomedical statistics.RESULTS Advances in imaging modalities, including abdominal ultrasound, MRCP, and endoscopic ultrasound, have generally obviated the need for diagnostic ERCP in nonpregnant and pregnant patients. Clinical experience with performing ERCP during pregnancy is burgeoning, with > 500 cases of therapeutic ERCP reported in the literature, aside from a national registry study of 58 patients. These studies show that therapeutic ERCP has a very high rate of technical success in clearing the bile duct of gallstones, and has a relatively low and acceptable rate of maternal and fetal complications. The great majority of births after therapeutic ERCP are full-term, have normal birth weights, and are healthy. A recent trend is performing ERCP without radiation to eliminate radiation teratogenicity. Systematic literature review reveals 147 cases of ERCP without fluoroscopy in 8 clinical series. These studies demonstrate extremely high technical success in endoscopically removing choledocholithiasis, favorable maternal outcomes with rare maternal ERCP complications, and excellent fetal outcomes. ERCP without fluoroscopy generally confirms proper biliary cannulation by aspiration of yellow bile per sphincterotome or leakage of yellow bile around an inserted guide-wire.CONCLUSION This systematic literature review reveals ERCP is relatively safe and efficacious during pregnancy, with relatively favorable maternal and fetal outcomes after ERCP. Recommendations are provided about ERCP indications, special ERCP techniques during pregnancy, and prospects for future research. | Mitchell S Cappell Stavros Nicholas Stavropoulos David Friedel | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2018，10，10： | 8 |
| 18 | Implant retention after acute and hematogenous periprosthetic hip and knee infections: Whom, when and how?显示文摘Periprosthetic joint infections(PJI) of the hip and the knee are grossly classified as early post-operative, acute hematogenous and late chronic infections. Whereas two-stage exchange arthroplasty is the standard of care in North America for treating chronic infections, irrigation and debridement(I and D) with retention of implants has been used in an attempt to treat the other two types of PJIs. The rationale of this approach is that a PJI may be eradicated without the need of explanting the prostheses, as long as it has not transitioned into a chronic state. With the present paper, we review current evidence regarding the role of I and D with implant retention for treating PJIs of the hip and the knee. While a very wide range of success rates is reported in different studies, a short period of time between initiation of symptoms and intervention seems to play a prominent role with regards to a successful outcome. Moreover, pathogens of higher virulence and resistance to antibiotics are associated with a poorer result. Specific comorbidities have been also correlated with a less favorable outcome. Finally, one should proceed with serial I and Ds only under the condition that a predefined,aggressive protocol is applied. In conclusion,when treating a PJI of the hip or the knee, all the above factors should be considered in order to decide whether the patient is likely to benefit from this approach. | Georgios K Triantafyllopoulos Vasileios Soranoglou Stavros G Memtsoudis Lazaros A Poultsides | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，9： | 7 |
| 19 | Per-oral endoscopic myotomy:Major advance in achalasia treatment and in endoscopic surgery显示文摘Per-oral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)represents a natural orifice endoscopic surgery(NOTES)approach to laparoscopy Heller myotomy(LHM).POEM is arguably the most successful clinical application of NOTES.The growth of POEM from a single center in 2008 to approximately 60 centers worldwide in 2014 with several thousand procedures having been performed attests to the success of POEM.Initial efficacy,safety and acid reflux data suggest at least equivalence of POEM to LHM,the previous gold standard for achalasia therapy.Adjunctive techniques used in the West include impedance planimetry for real-time intraprocedural luminal assessment and endoscopic suturing for challenging mucosal defect closures during POEM.The impact of POEM extends beyond the realm of esophageal motility disorders as it is rapidly popularizing endoscopic submucosal dissection in the West and spawning offshoots that use the submucosal tunnel technique for a host of new indications ranging from resection of tumors to pyloromyotomy for gastroparesis. | David Friedel Rani Modayil Stavros N Stavropoulos | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，47： | 7 |
| 20 | Current applications of endoscopic suturing显示文摘Endoscopic suturing had previously been considered an experimental procedure only performed in a few centers and often by surgeons. Now, however, endoscopic suturing has evolved sufficiently to be easily implemented during procedures and is more commonly used by gastroenterologists. We have employed the Apollo Over Stitch suturing device in a variety of ways including closure of perforations, closure of full thickness defects in the gastrointestinal wall created during endoscopic full thickness resection, closure of mucosotomies during peroral endoscopic myotomy, stent fixation, fistula closure, post endoscopic submucosal dissection, endoscopic mucosal resection and Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery defect closures, post-bariatric surgery gastrojejunal anastomosis revision and primary sleeve gastroplasty. | Stavros N Stavropoulos Rani Modayil David Friedel | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，8： | 5 |
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