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| 1 | Newly-generated Daliangshan Fault Zone—Shortcutting on the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system显示文摘The Daliangshan fault zone is the eastern branch in the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. It has been neglected for a long time, partly because of no destructive earthquake records along this fault zone. On the other hand, it is located on the remote and inaccessible plateau. So far it was excluded as part of the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. Based on the interpretation of aerophotographs and field investigations, we document this fault zone in detail, and give an estimation of strike-slip rate about 3 mm/a in Late Quaternary together with age dating data. The results suggest that the Daliangshan fault zone is a newly-generated fault zone resulted from shortcutting in the central section of Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system because of the clockwise rotation of the Southeastern Tibetan Crustal Block, which is bounded by the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang fault system. Moreover, the shortcutting may make the Daliangshan fault zone replace the Anninghe and Zemuhe fault zones gradually, and finally, the later two fault zones will probably die out with the continuous clockwise rotation. | IKEDA Yasutaka TOGO Masayoshi TAJIKARA Masayoshi ECHIGO Tomoo OKADA Shinsuke | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，9： | 23 |
| 2 | Internal structure of Longmenshan fault zone at Hongkou outcrop,Sichuan,China,that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake显示文摘This paper reports the internal structures of the Beichuan fault zone of Longmenshan fault system that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,at an outcrop in Hongkou,Sichuan province,China.Present work is a part of comprehensive project of Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,trying to understand deformation processes in Longmenshan fault zones and eventually to reproduce Wenchuan earthquake by modeling based on measured mechanical and transport properties.Outcrop studies could be integrated with those performed on samples recovered from fault zone drilling,during the Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling(WFSD) Project,to understand along-fault and depth variation of fault zone properties.The hanging wall side of the fault zone consists of weakly-foliated,clayey fault gouge of about 1 m in width and of several fault breccia zones of 30-40 m in total width.We could not find any pseudotachylite at this outcrop.Displacement during the Wenchuan earthquake is highly localized within the fault gouge layer along narrower slipping-zones of about 10 to 20 mm in width.This is an important constraint for analyzing thermal pressurization,an important dynamic weakening mechanism of faults.Overlapping patterns of striations on slickenside surface suggest that seismic slip at a given time occurred in even narrower zone of a few to several millimeters,so that localization of deformation must have occurred within a slipping zone during coseismic fault motion.Fault breccia zones are bounded by thin black gouge layers containing amorphous carbon.Fault gouge contains illite and chlorite minerals,but not smectite.Clayey fault gouge next to coseismic slipping zone also contains amorphous carbon and small amounts of graphite.The structural observations and mineralogical data obtained from outcrop exposures of the fault zone of the Wenchuan earthquake can be compared with those obtained from the WFSD-1 and WFSD-2 boreholes, which have been drilled very close to the Hongkou outcrop.The presence of carbon and graphite,observed next to the slipping-zone,may affect the mechanical properties of the fault and also provide useful information about coseismic chemical changes. | Tetsuhiro Togo Toshihiko Shimamoto Shengli Ma Xueze Wen Honglin He | 2011 | Earthquake Science2011，24，3： | 19 |
| 3 | Chronic atrophic gastritis detection with a convolutional neural network considering stomach regions显示文摘BACKGROUND The risk of gastric cancer increases in patients with Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG).X-ray examination can evaluate the condition of the stomach,and it can be used for gastric cancer mass screening.However,skilled doctors for interpretation of X-ray examination are decreasing due to the diverse of inspections.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of stomach regions that are automatically estimated by a deep learning-based model for CAG detection.METHODS We used 815 gastric X-ray images(GXIs)obtained from 815 subjects.The ground truth of this study was the diagnostic results in X-ray and endoscopic examinations.For a part of GXIs for training,the stomach regions are manually annotated.A model for automatic estimation of the stomach regions is trained with the GXIs.For the rest of them,the stomach regions are automatically estimated.Finally,a model for automatic CAG detection is trained with all GXIs for training.RESULTS In the case that the stomach regions were manually annotated for only 10 GXIs and 30 GXIs,the harmonic mean of sensitivity and specificity of CAG detection were 0.955±0.002 and 0.963±0.004,respectively.CONCLUSION By estimating stomach regions automatically,our method contributes to the reduction of the workload of manual annotation and the accurate detection of the CAG. | Misaki Kanai Ren Togo Takahiro Ogawa Miki Haseyama | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，25： | 17 |
| 4 | High-velocity frictional behavior of Longmenshan fault gouge from Hongkou outcrop and its implications for dynamic weakening of fault during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake显示文摘High-velocity friction experiments were conducted on clayey fault gouge collected from Hongkou outcrop of Beichuan fault,located at the southwestern part of Longmenshan fault system that caused the disastrous 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.The ultimate purpose of this study is to reproduce this earthquake by modeling based on measured frictional properties.Dry gouge of about 1 mm in thickness was deformed dry at slip rates of 0.01 to 1.3 m/s and at normal stresses of 0.61 to 3.04 MPa,using a rotary-shear high-velocity frictional testing machine.The gouge displays slip weakening behavior as initial peak friction decays towards steady-state values after a given displacement.Both peak friction and steady-state friction remain high at slow slip rates are examined and gouge only exhibits dramatic weakening at high slip rates,with steady-state friction coefficient values of about 0.1 to 0.2.Specific fracture energy ranges from 1 to 4 MN/m in our results and this is of the same order as seismically determined values.Low friction coefficients measured on experimental faults are in broad agreement with lack of thermal anomaly observed from temperature measurements in WFSD-1 drill hole(Wenchuan Earthquake Fault Scientific Drilling Project),which can be explained by even smaller friction coefficient for the Wenchuan earthquake fault.High-velocity friction experiments with pore water needs to be done to see if even smaller friction is attained or not.Shiny slickenside surfaces form at high slip rates,but not at slow slip rates. Slip zone with slickenside surface changes its color to dark brown and forms duplex-like microstructures,which are similar to those microstructures found in the fault gouges from the Hongkou outcrop.Detailed comparisons between experimentally deformed gouge samples and WFSD drill cores in the future will reveal how much we could reproduce the dynamic weakening processes in operation in fault zones during Wenchuan earthquake at present. | Tetsuhiro Togo Toshihiko Shimamoto Shengli Ma Takehiro Hirose | 2011 | Earthquake Science2011，24，3： | 12 |
| 5 | Two cases of adenocarcinoma occurring in sporadic fundic gland polyps observed by magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging显示文摘Gastric fundic gland polyps(FGPs) are common nonadenomatous gastric polyps arising from normal fundic mucosa without Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection. Although systemic FGPs associated with familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) often have dysplasia, there are few reports of dysplasia occurring in sporadic F G P s, e s p e c i a l l y w h e n d e t e c t e d b y m a g n i f y i n g endoscopy with narrow band imaging(ME-NBI). We experienced two cases of adenocarcinoma occurring in sporadic FGPs, and their ME-NBI findings were very useful for differentiating FGP with cancer from nondysplastic FGP. A 68-year-old man and a 63-year-old woman were referred to our institution for medical checkup. H. pylori was negative in both patients. Endoscopic examination revealed a small reddishpolypoid lesion on the anterior wall of the upper gastric body and several FGPs. ME-NBI showed an irregular microvascular architecture composed of closed loop- or open loop-type vascular components, plus an irregular microsurface structure composed of oval-type surface components which was different from that of FGPs. FAP was denied because of the absence of colon polyps and no familial history of FAP. Pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma occurring in sporadic FGP. | Kazumi Togo Tetsuya Ueo Hirotoshi Yonemasu Hideho Honda Tetsuya Ishida Hiroshi Tanabe Kenshi Yao Akinori Iwashita Kazunari Murakami | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，40： | 9 |
| 6 | Cholangiopancreatography troubleshooting:the usefulness of endoscopic retrieval of migrated biliary and pancreatic stents显示文摘BACKGROUND:Stent migration in the hepatopancreatic duct might arise as one of the rare complications associated with biliary or pancreatic stenting.Although there are some procedures to retrieve the migrated stent,including surgical,percutaneous,and endoscopic approaches,endoscopy should be attempted first because it is least invasive.This study set out to evaluate the usefulness of endoscopic retrieval of migrated biliary and pancreatic stents.METHODS:Plastic stents that migrated in the bile duct(35 patients)or pancreatic duct(2)were retrieved with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Devices used were snare forceps,a basket catheter,grasping forceps,biopsy forceps,a balloon catheter,and the Soehendra stent retriever.RESULTS:Endoscopic retrieval of migrated stents was performed successfully in 36(97.0%)of the 37 patients.The devices utilized for successful treatment were basket catheter(13 patients),grasping forceps(10),snare forceps(8),balloon catheter(3),biopsy forceps(1),and the Soehendra stent retriever(1).The unsuccessfully treated patient with chronic pancreatitis underwent surgery since the guide wire did not move forward due to bile duct stenosis,and there was also duodenal stenosis.One patient developed mild pancreatitis after withdrawal of the stent;the pancreatitis was relieved with conservative treatment.CONCLUSIONS:Endoscopic retrieval of migrated biliary and pancreatic stents appears to be useful because of its safety and low invasiveness.However,various forceps should be prepared for the retrieval of a migrated stent. | Yuji Sakai Toshio Tsuyuguchi Takeshi Ishihara Harutoshi Sugiyama Reiko Eto Tatsuya Fujimoto Shin Yasui Ryo Tamura Seiko Togo Motohisa Tada Osamu Yokosuka | 2009 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2009，8，6： | 8 |
| 7 | A rotary-shear low to high-velocity friction apparatus in Beijing to study rock friction at plate to seismic slip rates显示文摘This paper reviews 19 apparatuses having highvelocity capabilities,describes a rotary-shear low to highvelocity friction apparatus installed at Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,and reports results from velocity-jump tests on Pingxi fault gouge to illustrate technical problems in conducting velocity-stepping tests at high velocities.The apparatus is capable of producing plate to seismic velocities(44 mm/a to 2.1 m/s for specimens of 40 mm in diameter),using a 22 kW servomotor with a gear/belt system having three velocity ranges.A speed range can be changed by 103 or 106by using five electromagnetic clutches without stopping the motor.Two cam clutches allow fivefold velocity steps,and the motor speed can be increased from zero to 1,500 rpm in 0.1–0.2 s by changing the controlling voltage.A unique feature of the apparatus is a large specimen chamber where different specimen assemblies can be installed easily.In addition to a standard specimen assembly for friction experiments,two pressure vessels were made for pore pressures to 70 MPa;one at room temperature and the other at temperatures to 500 °C.Velocity step tests are needed to see if the framework of rate-and-state friction is applicable or not at high velocities.We report results from velocity jump tests from 1.4 mm/s to 1.4 m/s on yellowish gouge from a Pingxi fault zone,located at the northeastern part of the Longmenshan fault system that caused the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.An instantaneous increase in friction followed by dramatic slip weakening was observed for the yellowish gouge with smooth sliding surfaces of host rock,but no instantaneous response was recognized for the same gouge with roughened sliding surfaces.Instantaneous and transient frictional properties upon velocity steps cannot be separated easily at high velocities,and technical improvements for velocity step tests are suggested. | Shengli Ma Toshihiko Shimamoto Lu Yao Tetsuhiro Togo Hiroko Kitajima | 2014 | Earthquake Science2014，27，5： | 6 |
| 8 | Levovist ultrasonography imaging in intracystic hemorrhage of simple liver cyst显示文摘The differential diagnosis between intracystic hemorrhage and cystadenocarcinoma of the liver is often difficult even with the use of various imaging modalities. A 73-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of right upper quadrant pain. Ultrasonography (US) demonstrated a heterogeneous echogenic cyst measuring 11 cm × 8 cm in size in S2 of the liver, indicated intracystic hemorrhage of simple liver cyst or cystadenocarcinoma, but the differential diagnosis was considerably difficult. Levovist (Schering, Berlin, Germany) US revealed no enhancement of the intracystic structures, suggesting a clot in the case of intracystic hemorrhage. An operation was performed and the resected lesion showed a solitary benign liver cyst, measuring 5.5 cm × 4.7 cm × 8.5 cm containing a large blood clot. The patient had an uneventful recovery after the surgery. Levovist US may play an important role in discrimination between intracystic hemorrhage of simple hepatic cysts and cystadenocarcinoma of the liver. | Tomoyuki Akiyama Masahiko Inamori Satoru Saito Hirokazu Takahashi Masato Yoneda Koji Fujita Toshio Fujisawa Yasunobu Abe Hiroyuki Kirikoshi Kensuke Kubota Michio Ueda Kuniya Tanaka Shinji Togo Norio Ueno Hiroshi Shimada Atsushi Nakajima | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，5： | 4 |
| 9 | Prognostic significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor in colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM: To investigate the clinical significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) which is a pseudoreceptor of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) type Ⅰreceptors and acts as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling and expression aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancers (CRCs). We studied BAMBI expression in CRCs. METHODS: We studied BAMBI expression in 183 surgically resected CRCs by immunochemical and immunoblotting analyses using a generated monoclonal anti-BAMBI antibody. Commercially available anti-β-catenin and anti-p53 antibodies were also applied for immunochemical analyses as a comparison control.RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that BAMBI expression was observed in 148 (80.8%), and strong BAMBI expression was observed in 46% of the CRCs. Strong BAMBI expression was positively correlated with histological type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0.05). Clear associations were found between BAMBI and β-catenin (P = 0.035) and p53 (P = 0.049) expression. In curatively resected CRC, 5-year recurrence-free survival was 51.9% (P = 0.037) for strong BAMBI expression compared to 79.8% for weak BAMBI expression. In the Cox’s multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases (RR 6.685; P < 0.001) and depth of invasion (RR 14.0; P = 0.013) were signifi cant indicators for recurrence, and strong BAMBI expression (RR 2.26; P = 0.057) tended to be signifi cant. CONCLUSION: BAMBI was linked to a potentially aggressive tumor phenotype and predicted tumor recurrence and cancer-related death in CRC. BAMBI expression might be applicable in the routine clinical setting of CRC. | Nozomi Togo Susumu Ohwada Shinji Sakurai Hiroyuki Toya Ichiro Sakamoto Tatsuya Yamada Tetsuhiro Nakano Ken Muroya Izumi Takeyoshi Takashi Nakajima Takashi Sekiya Yusuke Yamazumi Tsutomu Nakamura Tetsu Akiyama | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，31： | 3 |
| 10 | Internal structures and high-velocity frictional properties of Longmenshan fault zone at Shenxigou activated during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake显示文摘This paper reports internal structures of a wide fault zone at Shenxigou,Dujiangyan,Sichuan province,China,and high-velocity frictional properties of the fault gouge collected near the coseismic slip zone during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.Vertical offset and horizontal displacement at the trench site were 2.8 m(NW side up)and 4.8 m(right-lateral),respectively.The fault zone formed in Triassic sandstone,siltstone,and shale about 500 m away from the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault,a major fault in the Longmenshan fault system.A trench survey across the coseismic fault,and observations of outcrops and drill cores down to a depth of 57 m revealed that the fault zone consists of fault gouge and fault breccia of about0.5 and 250–300 m in widths,respectively,and that the fault strikes N62°E and dips 68° to NW.Quaternary conglomerates were recovered beneath the fault in the drilling,so that the fault moved at least 55 m along the coseismic slip zone,experiencing about 18 events of similar sizes.The fault core is composed of grayish gouge(GG) and blackish gouge(BG) with very complex slip-zone structures.BG contains low-crystalline graphite of about 30 %.High-velocity friction experiments were conducted at normal stresses of 0.6–2.1 MPa and slip rates of 0.1–2.1 m/s.Both GG and BG exhibit dramatic slip weakening at constant high slip rates that can be described as an exponential decay from peak friction coefficient lpto steadystate friction coefficient lssover a slip-weakening distance Dc.Deformation of GG and BG is characterized by overlapped slip-zone structures and development of sharp slickenside surfaces,respectively.Comparison of our data with those reported for other outcrops indicates that the high-velocity frictional properties of the Longmenshan fault zones are quite uniform and the high-velocity weakening must have promoted dynamic rupture propagation during the Wenchuan earthquake. | Yu Wang Shengli Ma Toshihiko Shimamoto Lu Yao Jianye Chen Xiaosong Yang Honglin He Jiaxiang Dang Linfeng Hou Tetsuhiro Togo | 2014 | Earthquake Science2014，27，5： | 3 |
| 11 | Rectosigmoid findings are not associated with proximal colon cancer: Analysis of 6 196 consecutive cases undergoing total colonoscopy显示文摘AIM: To review the risk of proximal colon cancer in patients undergoing colonoscopy.METHODS: We estimated the risk of advanced proximal adenomas and cancers in 6 196 consecutive patients that underwent colonoscopy (mean age 60 years, 65% males,without prior history of colorectal examination). Neoplasms were classified as diminutive adenoma (5 mm or less),small adenoma (6-9 mm), advanced adenoma (10 mm or more, with villous component or high-grade dysplasia)and cancer (invasive adenocarcinoma). The sites of neoplasms were defined as rectosigmoid (rectum and sigmoid colon) and proximal colon (from cecum to descending colon).RESULTS: The trend of the prevalence of advanced proximal adenoma was to increase with severe rectosigmoid findings, while the prevalence of proximal colon cancer did not increase with severe rectosigmoid findings. Among the 157 patients with proximal colon cancer, 74% had no neoplasm in the rectosigmoid colon. Multivariate logisticregression analysis revealed that age was the main predictor of proximal colon cancer and existence of rectosigmoid adenoma was not a predictor of proximal colon cancer.CONCLUSION: Sigmoidoscopy is inadequate for colorectal cancer screening, especially in older populations. | Makoto Okamoto Takao Kawabe Yutaka Yamaji Jun Kato Tsuneo Ikenoue Goichi Togo Haruhiko Yoshida Yasushi Shiratori Masao Omata | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，15： | 3 |
| 12 | Two-stage treatment of an unusual haemobilia caused by intrahepatic pseudoaneurysm显示文摘A 84-year-old man with a surgical history of subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer was transferred to our department because of a disorder of consciousness. Septic shock due to obstructive suppurative cholangitis secondary to choledocholithiasis was diagnosed. Anemia was also present,and upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy revealed blood emerging from the Papilla of Vater.The cause of the anemia was identified as haemobilia.Angiography showed a small aneurysm over the artery on segment 3(A3) .The cause of the haemobilia was suspected to be the bleeding into the biliary tree from this aneurysm.Because the patient's general condition was poor,minimally invasive therapy was needed.Transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE) was selected initally.Later,lateral sectionectomy was performed in order to remove the aneurysm on A3. No surgical complication occurred and,after surgery,no haemobilia was identified.In conclusion,a twostage treatment,namely,surgery following TAE,is recommended for patients in a physically poor condition who have haemobilia due to intrahepatic aneurysm. | Kazuhisa Takeda Kuniya Tanaka Itaru Endo Shinji Togo Hiroshi Shimada | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Risk Factors and Management of Bile Leakage after Hepatic Resection显示文摘 | Yasuhiko Nagano M.D. Ph.D. Shinji Togo M.D. Ph.D. Kuniya Tanaka M.D. Ph.D. Hidenori Masui M.D. Ph.D. Itaru Endo M.D. Ph.D. Hitoshi Sekido M.D. Ph.D. Kaoru Nagahori M.D. Ph.D. Hiroshi Shimada M.D. Ph.D | 2003 | World Journal of Surgery2003，，6： | 2 |
| 14 | Small hepatocellular carcinoma with ring calcification:A case report and literature review显示文摘Ring calcification in untreated hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is extremely rare,with only 3 previously reported cases in the English-language literature.A case of HCC with ring calcification was reported in this paper.Additionally,3 previously reported cases of HCC with ring calcification were reviewed.In 3 of these 4 cases(including our case),surgery was performed.Although the size of the ring-calcified lesion ranged from 3.0-3.7 cm in previously reported cases,the size was only 1 cm in ours.The differentiation of the tumor was moderate in the 2 previously reported cases in the histological findings and poor in ours.In spite of their poor differentiation for their sizes,these tumors showed no early enhancement in dynamic computed tomography.All calcified tumors showed a thick fibrous capsule and extensive necrosis histologically.Ring calcification was considered to result from a circulatory disturbance caused by the imbalance between the less abundant arterial blood flow and high inner pressure induced by either the thick fibrous capsule or vigorous proliferation due to the poor differentiation.Ring calcification in untreated HCC may suggest a lower differentiation of the tumor.Even if its size is small,hepatic resection should be performed for any tumor with ring calcification because poor differentiation is considered to be one of the risk factors for recurrence after local ablation therapy,including radio frequency ablation. | Takashi Murakami Daisuke Morioka Hideki Takakura Yasuhiko Miura Shinji Togo | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Assessment of the Risk Factors for Colonic Diverticular Hemorrhage显示文摘 | Atsuo Yamada Takafumi Sugimoto Shintaro Kondo Miki Ohta Hirotsugu Watabe Shin Maeda Goichi Togo Yutaka Yamaji Keiji Ogura Makoto Okamoto Haruhiko Yoshida Takao Kawabe Tateo Kawase Masao Omata | 2008 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum2008，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | The role of lymph node dissection in the treatment of gallbladder carcinoma显示文摘 | Endo I Togo S | 1997 | Cancer1997，79，： | 1 |
| 17 | Use of transcatheter arterial in fusion of anticancer agents with lipiodol to prevent recurrence of hep atocellular carcinoma after hepatic Tesection显示文摘 | Shimada H Togo S et a | 1999 | Hepatogastroenterol ogy1999，46，26： | 1 |
| 18 | Properties of Zr-based bulk metallic glass under shock compression 显示文摘 | H Togo Y Zhang Y Kawamura | 2007 | Materials Science and Engineering A2007，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Cooperative phos-phorylation of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and ten-sin homologue (PTEN) by casein kinases and glycogensynthase kinase 3beta 显示文摘 | Al-Khouri AM Ma Y Togo SH | 2005 | J Biol Chem2005，280，35： | 1 |
| 20 | Clinical importance of serum hepatitis B surface antigen levels in chronic hepatitis B 显示文摘 | Togo S Arai M Tawada A | 2011 | J Viral Hepat2011，18，： | 1 |
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