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| 1 | Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants显示文摘For many years, ruminant nutritionists and microbiologists have been interested in manipulating the microbial ecosystem of the rumen to improve production efficiency of different ruminant species. Removal and restriction of antibiotics subtherapeutic uses from ruminant diets has amplified interest in improving nutrient utilization and animal performance and search for more safe alternatives. Some bacterial and fungal microorganisms as a direct-fed microbial(DFM) can be the most suitable solutions. Microorganisms that are commonly used in DFM for ruminants may be classified mainly as lactic acid producing bacteria(LAB), lactic acid utilizing bacteria(LUB), or other microorganism's species like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus, Propionibacterium, Megasphaera elsdenii and Prevotellabryantii, in addition to some fungal species of yeast such as Saccharomyces and Aspergillus. A definitive mode of action for bacterial or fungal DFM has not been established; although a variety of mechanisms have been suggested. Bacterial DFM potentially moderate rumen conditions, and improve weight gain and feed efficiency. Fungal DFM may reduce harmful oxygen from the rumen, prevent excess lactate production, increase feed digestibility, and alter rumen fermentation patterns. DFM may also compete with and inhibit the growth of pathogens, immune system modulation, and modulate microbial balance in the gastrointestinal tract. Improved dry matter intake, milk yield, fat corrected milk yield and milk fat content were obtained with DFM administration. However, the response to DFM is not constant; depending on dosages, feeding times and frequencies, and strains of DFM. Nonetheless, recent studies have supported the positive effects of DFM on ruminant performance. | Mona M Y Elghandour Abdelfattah Z M Salem Jose S Martínez Castaeda Luis M Camacho Ahmed E Kholif Juan C Vázquez Chagoyán | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，3： | 7 |
| 2 | Prolonged high-fat-diet feeding promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alters gut microbiota in mice显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an epidemic largely due to the worldwide increase in obesity. While lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have been used to alleviate NAFLD, successful treatment options are limited. One of the main barriers to finding safe and effective drugs for long-term use in NAFLD is the fast initiation and progression of disease in the available preclinical models. Therefore, we are in need of preclinical models that (1) mimic the human manifestation of NAFLD and (2) have a longer progression time to allow for the design of superior treatments. AIM To characterize a model of prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for investigation of the long-term progression of NAFLD. METHODS In this study, we utilized prolonged HFD feeding to examine NAFLD features in C57BL/6 male mice. We fed mice with a HFD (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% carbohydrate) for 80 wk to promote obesity (Old-HFD group, n = 18). A low-fat diet (LFD)(14% fat, 32% protein, and 54% carbohydrate) was administered for the same duration to age-matched mice (Old-LFD group, n = 15). An additional group of mice was maintained on the LFD (Young-LFD, n = 20) for a shorter duration (6 wk) to distinguish between age-dependent and age-independent effects. Liver, colon, adipose tissue, and feces were collected for histological and molecular assessments.RESULTS Prolonged HFD feeding led to obesity and insulin resistance. Histological analysis in the liver of HFD mice demonstrated steatosis, cell injury, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, molecular analysis for markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress established that the liver tissue of HFD mice have increased phosphorylated Jnk and CHOP. Lastly, we evaluated the gut microbial composition of Old-LFD and Old-HFD. We observed that prolonged HFD feeding in mice increased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes phylum. At the genus level, we observed a significant increase in the abundance of Adercreutzia, Coprococcus, Dorea, and Ruminococcus and decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter and Anaeroplasma in HFD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, these data suggest that chronic HFD consumption in mice can mimic pathophysiological and some microbial events observed in NAFLD patients. | Kandy T Velázquez Reilly T Enos Jackie E Bader Alexander T Sougiannis Meredith S Carson Ioulia Chatzistamou James A Carson Prakash S Nagarkatti Mitzi Nagarkatti E Angela Murphy | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，8： | 6 |
| 3 | Celiac disease serology in patients with different pretest probabilities: Is biopsy avoidable?显示文摘AIM: To establish the diagnostic performance of sev-eral serological tests, individually and in combination, for diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in patients with different pretest probabilities, and to explore potential se- rological algorithms to reduce the necessity for biopsy. METHODS: We prospectively performed duodenal biopsy and serology in 679 adults who had either high risk (n = 161) or low risk (n = 518) for CD. Blood samples were tested using six assays (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) that detected antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP). RESULTS: CD prevalence was 39.1% in the high-risk population and 3.3% in the low-risk group. In high-risk patients, all individual assays had a high diagnostic efficacy [area under receiving operator characteristic curves (AU ROC): 0.968 to 0.999]. In contrast, assays had a lower diagnostic efficacy (AU ROC: 0.835 to 0.972) in the low-risk group. Using assay combinations, it would be possible to reach or rule out diagnosis of CD without biopsy in 92% of cases in both pretest populations. We observed that the new DGP/tTG Screen assay resulted in a surplus compared to more conventional assays in any clinical situation. CONCLUSION: The DGP/tTG Screen assay could be considered as the best initial test for CD. Combinations of two tests, including a DGP/tTG Screen, might be able to diagnose CD accurately in different clinical scenarios making biopsy avoidable in a high proportion of subjects. | Emilia Sugai María L Moreno Hui J Hwang Ana Cabanne Adriana Crivelli Fabio Nach-man Horacio Vázquez Sonia Niveloni Julio Argonz Roberto Mazure Graciela La Motta María E Caniggia Edgardo Smecuol Néstor Chopita Juan C Gómez Eduardo Maurińo Julio C Bai | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，25： | 4 |
| 4 | Addition of statins to the standard treatment in patients with cirrhosis:Safety and efficacy显示文摘This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of statins in patients with cirrhosis.Due to concerns about the safety of statins in patients with impaired liver function,they have recently been investigated as a potential treatment option in cirrhosis.The most clinically significant adverse event is statin-related myopathy,and this may be related to the high serum statin concentrations in the setting of severely impaired liver function.Rhabdomyolysis is the most serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation.It has recently been demonstrated that the recommended dose of simvastatin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis would be 20 mg/d because higher values,such as 40 mg/d,are associated with many adverse events,especially muscle injury.Likewise,simvastatin should not be administered to patients with Model for End-stage Liver Disease score>12 and/or Child-Pugh class C because of the high risk of severe muscle injury.Due to the pleiotropic effects,the focus on statins has shifted from being considered harmful to something useful.Through these effects,statins could prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients.Observational studies in large populations of patients with cirrhosis have shown that treatment with statins to decrease high cholesterol levels was associated with a reduced risk of hepatic decompensation,hepatocellular carcinoma development and death.The few randomized controlled trials in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension showed that statins lower portal pressure,quite likely through a reduction in hepatic resistance.Another large randomized controlled trial in patients with variceal bleeding showed that simvastatin in addition to standard of care did not prevent rebleeding but improved survival rate.Despite these encouraging outcomes,the quality of the evidence regarding the use of statins is low or very low due to the observational characteristics of most of the studies involved.Therefore,it is advisable to perform further randomized controlled trials on a large series of patients with hard clinical endpoints,using different statin types and varying doses.The objectives would be to prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality rather than treating cirrhosis complications to take additional information that makes it possible to add statins to the standard of care of these patients. | Alberto E Muñoz Florencia D Pollarsky Mónica Marino Mariano Cartier Horacio Vázquez Pablo Salgado Gustavo Romero | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，28： | 4 |
| 5 | Intravitreal ganciclovir treatment in progressive outer retinal necrosis显示文摘 | Pérez-Blázquez E Traspas R Méndez Marin I | 1997 | AmJ Ophthalmol1997，124，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Possible use of texture characteristics of winegrapes as markers for zoning and their relationship with anthocyanin extractability index显示文摘 | Segade S R Vázquez E S Orriols I | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 7 | Regeneration of the enteric nervous system in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima显示文摘 | Garcia-Arrards J E D az-Miranda L Torres-V zquez I | 1999 | J Comp Neurol1999，406，： | 1 |
| 8 | Clinical analgesic efficacy andside effects of dexmedetomidine in the early postoperative periodafter arthroscopic knee surgery显示文摘 | GO'MEZ-VA'ZQUEZ ME HERNA'NDEZ-SALAZAR E HER-NA'NDLEZ-JIME'NEZ A | 2007 | J Clin Anesth2007，19，： | 1 |
| 9 | Acomparison between two methods (Warner-Bratzler andtexture profile analysis) for testing either raw meat or cookedmeat显示文摘 | F Ruiz de Huidobro E Miguel B Bla'zquez | 2005 | Meat Science2005，69，： | 1 |
| 10 | Clinical analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic knee surgery显示文摘 | Gomóz-Vázquez ME Hernández-Salazar E Hernández-Jiménez A | 2007 | J Clin Anesth2007，19，8： | 1 |
| 11 | A comparison between two methods (Warner-Bratzler and texture profile analysis) for testing either raw meat or cooked meat显示文摘 | de Huidobro F R Miguel E Bla'zquez B | 2005 | Meat Science2005，69，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Removal of residual phenols from coke wastewater by adsorption显示文摘 | Vázquez I Rodríguez-Iglesias J Maran?ń E | 2007 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2007，147，： | 1 |
| 13 | Multiple fractal description ofnitrogen adsorption isotherms显示文摘 | Ferreiro J P Wilson M Vázquez E V | 2009 | Vadose Zone Journal2009，8，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Synthesis and characterization of novel molecularly imprinted polymer–coated Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots for specific fluorescent recognition of cocaine显示文摘 | Chantada-Vázquez M P Sánchez-González J Pe?a-Vázquez E | 2016 | Biosens Bioelectron2016，75，： | 1 |
| 15 | Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete显示文摘 | Etxeberria M Vázquez E MaríA Barra M | 2007 | Cement and Concrete Research2007，37，73： | 1 |
| 16 | Modular protein engineering in emerging cancer therapies显示文摘 | Vázquez E Ferrer-Miralles N Mangues R | 2009 | Curr Pharm Des2009，15，8： | 1 |
| 17 | Removal of residual phenols from coke wastewater by adsorption显示文摘 | Váázquez I Rodr(i)guez-Iglesias J Maran(o)(n) E | 2007 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2007，147，： | 1 |
| 18 | Autoimmuneenteropathy in an adult with autoimmune multisystemicinvolvement显示文摘 | Casis B Femindez-V^zquez I Bamardos E | 2002 | Scand J Gastroenterol2002，37，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Analysis of stable low-molecular-weight RNA profiles of members of the family Rhizobiaceae显示文摘 | VEL(A)ZQUEZ E CRUZ-S(A)NCHEZ J M MATEOS P F | 1998 | Applied and Enviromental Microbiology1998，64，： | 1 |
| 20 | Compression- absorption cascade refrigeration system显示文摘 | Jos e Fern a ndez-Seara Jaime Sieres Manuel V a zquez | 2006 | Applied Thermal Engineering2006，26，56： | 1 |
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