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| 1 | 华北古陆中、新元古代年代地层框架SHRIMP锆石年龄新依据显示文摘建立中国晚前寒武纪地层的标准剖面,并使其成为国际地层对比的参考标准,一直是中国地质学家的追求。华北蓟县中、新元古代地层一直作为这一标准地层的主要研究剖面,已进行了岩石地层、生物地层、化学地层、磁性地层和层序地层等多学科研究。但是,高质量的同位素年代学研究和以此为基础的年代地层框架的优化一直是华北古陆中、新元古界研究的薄弱环节。长期以来,由于关键层位和关键界面缺乏高质量的同位素年龄标定,致使蓟县剖面争取成为国际层面标准剖面的竞争力受到影响。近期,随着锆石SHRIMP年龄测定技术在华北古陆前寒武纪地层学研究中的成功应用,在几个关键层位定年研究中取得实质性进展。北京西山下马岭组中部斑脱凝灰岩中获得锆石SHRIMP加权平均年龄为(1370±11)Ma,使得下马岭组这个青白口群的关键地层单位划归为中元古界。天津蓟县大红峪组碱性火山岩中获得锆石SHRIMP加权平均年龄为(1625.9±8.9)Ma。可用于标定华北古陆中元古代裂解时间得北京密云环斑花岗岩获得锆石SHRIMP加权平均年龄为(1685±15)Ma。这些SHRIMP测年结果使华北古陆中、新元古界年代地层划分与全球对比有了年龄'锚点',必定有利于准确厘定华北地区中、新元古界的内涵。由于华北蓟县中、新元古界剖面是我国晚前寒武纪地层的标准剖面,因此上述年代地层框架的优化对于我国地质填图的修正和精确地层对比有着重要的促进作用。同时,对于我国前寒武纪生物演化,特别是宏观藻类发育的时间研究具有重要意义。这必定有助于提升华北中、新元古界剖面的国际地位。 | 高林志 张传恒 尹崇玉 史晓颖 王自强 刘耀明 刘鹏举 唐烽 宋彪 | 2008 | 地球学报2008，29，3： | 117 |
| 2 | 华北—江南地区中、新元古代地层格架的再认识显示文摘近年来,在华北古陆中、新元古代地层中不断获得新的锆石U-Pb年龄,为华北中、新元古代高精度年代地层框架的建立提供了重要的数据。当前国际前寒武纪地层精确对比的依据主要是高精度的同位素测年数据,因此,系统的锆石定年研究仍然是目前国际前寒武纪地层学研究的热点问题之一。本文报道蓟县剖面中元古代地层的基底迁西杂岩(群)锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄2534±9 Ma和串岭沟组中的辉绿岩(床)1638±14 Ma新的数据,结合大红峪组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄1625.9±8.9 Ma和侵入到太古代地层中密云环斑花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄1685±15 Ma,认为华北中、新元古代年代地层框架的优化和长城系盖层沉积的起始时间在1.75~1.70 Ga。在中国地层格架中,扬子板块和华夏板块之间有一明显呈带状分布的元古代轻微变质的沉积地层和一系列岩浆岩单元,被称之为'江南造山带',这套地层的定位对于确定中国古大陆晚寒武纪地层构造格局极为重要,本文结合双桥山群的最新年龄和邻区的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄数据探讨其构造地层意义。 | 高林志 张传恒 刘鹏举 丁孝忠 王自强 张彦杰 | 2009 | 地球学报2009，30，4： | 112 |
| 3 | 燕辽裂陷槽中元古代古地震与古地理显示文摘位于中朝板块北部的燕辽裂陷槽是中元古代板内裂解的产物。中元古代的伸展裂解构造诱发强地震。中元古代长城系(1 800—1 400 Ma)的串岭沟组、高于庄组及蓟县系的雾迷山组(1 200 Ma)中保留有丰富的地震灾变事件记录:各种软沉积物液化变形,如液化砂岩脉;碳酸盐岩中的泥亮晶脉、灰岩墙、液化角砾岩、水塑性变形、各种卷曲构造、环形层、层内粒序断层以及碳酸盐岩成岩初期的脆性变形。这些地震成因的变形构造与同沉积断裂相伴生。依据地震记录,中朝板块北部地区中元古代经历两次板内裂解,即1 800—1 400 Ma之间与1 200 Ma,1 200 Ma的裂解导致燕辽裂陷槽的最终形成。燕辽裂陷槽中元古代的古地理格局与两次板内裂解相联系,古海盆的范围、盆地的边界、岩相带均受同时期断裂—地震控制。燕辽裂陷槽的古地理环境是一个深部物质活跃、断裂火山活动剧烈和地震频繁的构造带。 | 乔秀夫 高林志 | 2007 | 古地理学报2007，9，4： | 77 |
| 4 | 软沉积变形构造的分类和形成机制研究显示文摘软沉积变形构造是指沉积物沉积之后、固结之前在处于软沉积物阶段时由于物理作用发生变形所形成的一系列构造。作为一种广泛发育的沉积构造,对其分类和成因机制的研究一直是国内外研究的热点。目前主流的分类方案是依据其成因机制为主再考虑其他因素将软沉积变形构造分为负载构造、包卷层理、变形交错层、滑塌构造、泄水和沉积物挤入构造、塌陷构造以及由生物和化学作用所形成的变形构造。而作为一种重要的软沉积变形构造,震积构造可以依据地震对沉积物改造的时间划分为同生、准同生和后生变形三种基本类型,而每一种基本类型可以分别受到伸展、挤压、剪切、液化以及震动而形成不同的软沉积变形构造。软沉积变形构造的触发因素多样,但主要是地震引起沉积物的液化产生的变形,因此可以按照沉积相分析、触发因素评估和标准评估三个步骤对软沉积变形构造的成因进行识别。作为一种广泛分布的沉积构造,软沉积变形构造成因机制的识别和判断仍然将是其研究的一个重要方向;其次软沉积变形在地质工程方面的应用也是一个研究方向;最后,随着油气勘探走向深水,发现软沉积变形构造有关的油气藏也将是另外一个研究的方向。 | 李勇 钟建华 邵珠福 毛毳 | 2012 | 地质论评2012，58，5： | 40 |
| 5 | Mesoproterozoic Earthquake Events and Breakup of the Sino-Korean Plate显示文摘在 Mesoproterozoic 时间,中国朝鲜语的 Plateexperienced 的北部分集中的构造扩展和决裂的一个时期。1。沉积地震记录的许多在 theMesoproterozoic Changcheng 系统(1800-1400 妈) 并且在 Jixian 系统(1400-1000 妈) 的 Mesoproterozoic Wumishan 形成在 Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi 和 Gaoyuzhuang 形成被保存。这些地震记录被各种各样的 liquefiedsand 静脉,碳酸盐 micros 同等和更粗糙的圆材描绘静脉,石灰石堤,液化角砾岩和液化褶皱层理的各种各样的形式。这变丑是总是联系的 withsynsedimentary 差错和火的活动。2。为软碳酸盐沉积的三个液化模型被认出,包括在把压成薄片的碳酸盐岩石中的液化,液化沿着巨大的碳酸盐堤的床 inthin 的碳酸盐和大规模液化。3。基于地震和暴烈的活动的记录,中国朝鲜语的板经历了至少 twiceintraplate 决裂。一个人在 1800-1400 妈之间发生了,并且其它发生在大约 1200 妈。Thelast 决裂导致了 Yan 辽河 aulacogen,更深的材料活力描绘的一个构造地区,活断层,主要火的活动和经常的地震的形成。 | QIAO Xiufu GAO Linzhi PENG Yang | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，3： | 19 |
| 6 | Tectonic Taphrogenesis and Paleoseismic Records from the Yishu Fault Zone in the Initial Stage of the Caledonian Movement显示文摘The Yishu fault zone (mid-segment of the Tanlu fault zone) was formed in the Presinian. Periodic tectonic activities and strong seismic events have occurred along the fault zone. During the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, with the proceeding of the marine transgression from the Yishu paleo-channel to the western Shandong, uneven thick sediments, composed mainly of sand, mud and carbonates of littoral, lagoon, and neritic facies, were deposited in the Yishu fault zone and western Shandong, and constructed the bottom part of the Lower Cambrian consisting of the Liguan and Zhushadong formations. Through field observations and the lab-examinations, various paleoseismic records have been discovered in the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formations of the Yishu fault zone and its vicinity, including some layers with syn-sedimentary deformation structures that were triggered by strong earthquakes (i.e. seismite, seismo-olistostrome, and seismo-turbidite). Paleoseismic records developed in the Zhushadong Formation are mainly seismites with soft-sediment deformation structures, such as liquefied diapir, small liquefied-carbonate lime-mud volcano, liquefied vein, liquefied breccia, convolute deformation (seismic fold), graded fault, soft siliceous vein, and deformation stromatolite, as well as seismites with brittle deformation structures of semiconsolidated sediments. Paleoseismic records preserved in the Liguan Formation are not only seismo-olistostrome with a slump fold, load structure, and ball-and-pillows, but also seismo-turbidite with convolution bedding, graded bedding and wavy-bedding. However, in the western Shandong area, the closer to the Yishu fault zone, the greater the thickness of the Liguan Formation and the Zhushadong Formation, the greater the number and type of layers with paleoseismic records, and the higher the earthquake intensity reflected by associations of seismic records. This evidence indicates that tectonic taphrogenesis accompanied by strong earthquake events occurred in the Yishu fault zone during the initial stage of the Caledonian Movement, which embodied the break-up of the Sino-Korean Plate along the Paleo-Tanlu fault zone at that time. | TIAN Hongshui ZHANG Zengqi ZHANG Banghua ZHU Jiewang SANG Zhongxi LI Hongkui | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，4： | 18 |
| 7 | 川西杂谷脑“冰碛物”中软沉积物变形构造的成因显示文摘对四川理县杂谷脑'冰碛物'的地层结构进行了观察,对河湖相地层中的软沉积物变形构造进行了分析。综合研究表明,所谓杂谷脑晚更新世'冰碛物'是由泥石流、崩滑塌堆积物、堰塞湖沉积和河流相砂砾石层构成的多成因'混杂'堆积,湖相地层中发育的强烈褶皱和断裂是河岸陡壁岩石崩塌滑落导致古堰塞湖沉积物发生软沉积变形的结果。软沉积变形构造包括卷曲构造、液化泥块、阶梯状微断裂、球枕构造、火焰构造、落石沉陷构造、环状构造、同生断层和大型褶曲等。一次崩滑塌事件的典型沉积层序由崩塌体、不规则接触面和下伏的河湖相变形地层所组成。沿杂谷脑河上游发现的一系列大型崩塌褶曲构造以及伴生的多种典型的液化变形构造,指示可能是地震活动触发了群发性的崩塌、滑坡灾害事件。 | 王萍 邱维理 张斌 | 2009 | 第四纪研究2009，29，3： | 13 |
| 8 | Typical earthquake-induced soft-sediment deformation structures in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation, Yongding River Valley, Beijing, China and interpreted earthquake frequency | Su Dechen Sun Aiping | 2012 | Journal of Palaeogeography2012，1，1： | 10 |
| 9 | 地震岩问题显示文摘在过去的82年(1931—2013)中,共出现了39个成因术语。在这39个术语中,只有10个是真正沉积成因的(例如浊积岩),其他29个术语都是比较草率地提出的(just jargons;例如地震岩、海啸岩等)。'地震岩'(seismites)这一成因术语是赛拉赫(Seilacher,1969)提出的,它指沉积记录中的古地震。这是一个误用的(misnomer)术语。赛拉赫仅仅根据美国加利福尼亚州的中新统蒙特雷组(Miocene Montery Formation)10m厚的露头观察,就匆忙地提出这个术语。他并未对这个露头进行认真的科学研究。最根本的问题是,地震是一个触动因素(1),并不是一个沉积作用。在古代的沉积记录中,鉴别不出各种触动因素(trigger)(2),因为自然界不能保留触动因素曾经存在过的证据。'软沉积物变形构造'(soft-sediment deformation structures,可简称为SSDS),通常被人们用来作为地震岩的鉴别标志,其实它是'液化作用'(liquefacation)的结果。液化作用可以由21种触动因素中的任何一种引起,其中包括地震(earthquake)、陨石冲击(meteorite impact)、海啸(tsunami)、沉积负载(sediment loading)等。在死海盆地中的角砾碎屑,所谓典型的由地震引起的沉积,实际上是常见的同沉积作用的碎屑流的产物,与地震没有关系。其他类型的SSDS,例如'双向叠层构造'(duplex-like structures)和碎屑注入体(clastic injections),也可以说是同沉积作用的产物,与地震没有关系。世界上广泛分布的砂岩储油层,包括墨西哥湾、北海、挪威海、尼日利亚、赤道几内亚、加逢、孟加拉湾,都表明这些地区的SSDS的第一起因(primary cause)是沉积负载,其证据是可以观察到的和令人信服的。海啸及陨石冲击,都可以形成大量的沉积,例如SSDS的侧向延伸(lateral extent of SSDS),但这些沉积都不能当作地震的鉴别标志。位于印度东部大陆边缘的Krishna-Godavari(KG)盆地中的SSDS,是多种触动因素(1)引起的沉积物的失控和液化作用的结果,即多成因的SSDS。由于这些原因,'地震岩'这个成因术语确实没有什么科学价值,应当废弃。 | 山穆玕 冯增昭(译) 刘敏(译) | 2017 | 古地理学报2017，19，1： | 8 |
| 10 | Early diagenetic deformation structures of the Furongian ribbon rocks in Shandong Province of China——A new perspective of the genesis of limestone conglomerates显示文摘Ribbon rocks are characterized by an alternation of millimeter-to centimeter-thick limestone and argillaceous deposits (marlstone or shale).The sedimentary processes and diagenetic characteristics of ribbon rocks might be critical to the formation of limestone conglomerates.According to detailed field measurement and laboratory analyses (thin section observation and XRD analysis),four types of ribbon rocks are classified,i.e.,limestone and marlstone couplet (L-M),limestone and shale couplet (L-S),thin-bedded lime mudstone (Ltb),and laminated limestone and marlstone couplet (Cl).These ribbon rocks were mostly deposited in low-energy subtidal environments (below fair-weather wave base).Ribbon rocks exhibit various subtle deformation structures such as intrastratal cracks and 'boudin' structures.Differential cementation of carbonate and argillaceous layers during early diagenesis is a prerequisite condition for the deformation of ribbon rock under compaction.Ribbon rocks would be deformed into limestone conglomerates under differential compaction that might be triggered by external forces such as storm and earthquake. | CHEN JiTao HAN ZuoZhen ZHANG XiaoLei FAN AiPing YANG RenChao | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，2： | 6 |
| 11 | 河北涞源白石山地质公园“1.5Ga前地裂缝”新解显示文摘梁定益等(2002)研究认为太行山北段河北省涞源县白石山地质公园内存在一条与中元古代雾迷山组沉积时代相当的地裂缝构造,且地裂缝内填充由地震触发,重力垮塌形成的震积岩(含软沉积变形)。近期实地考察后,笔者等得出与上述观点不同的认识,即先前认为的地裂缝实为一条断裂带:震积岩为断裂带构造岩;断层主滑移带内发育S—C面理构造;断层角砾复杂结构是构造变形和压溶作用的结果;断裂整体表现为含正断层分量的走滑断层。结合太行山北段区域构造演化历史,本文提出该断裂最早形成于燕山运动期间,此后在区域构造应力作用下可能多次活动。 | 刘江 李海兵 乔秀夫 | 2016 | 地质论评2016，62，1： | 3 |
| 12 | 新疆柯坪地区二叠纪卡仑达尔组震积岩的发现及意义显示文摘新疆柯坪地区二叠系卡伦达尔组岩性主要为灰绿色中-厚层细粒钙质砂岩、浅紫红色钙质粉砂岩、钙质粉砂质泥岩等,见交错层理、平行层理、透镜状层理,偶见波痕等沉积构造,具有滨浅海环境特征。局部发育多种软沉积变形构造,包括层间微断层、球枕构造、重荷膜与火焰状构造、液化泥岩脉等。根据沉积构造和沉积序列特征,推测本组沉积时主要为三角洲平原环境,软沉积变形构造可能由地震事件触发。 | 吴海辉 杨宝忠 曲学臣 张新勇 阎琨 周发侨 | 2017 | 地质科技情报2017，36，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Origin of the Furongian limestone breccias in the North China Platform显示文摘Limestone breccias are a common phenomenon in the Cambrian successions worldwide. They bear important geological implications that have attracted geologists for several decades. There are, however, still controversies on their origins, especially those of the breccias with abundant vertically orientated clasts. The Furongian(upper Cambrian) Chaomidian Formation of the North China Platform contains numerous levels of limestone breccias and conglomerates that provide an excellent example to look into their formative processes. These breccias and conglomerates have been the focus of study and discussion since the 1980 s, but yet there is still no consensus with respect to their geneses. Recently, Van Loon and others argued that the vertically orientated clasts of the breccias developed by a number of simultaneous 'fountains' on the paleo-seafloor; the 'fountains' formed by upward-directed fluidized flows originated from the sediment underlying the brecciated limestones. While the novel 'fountain' hypothesis is not impossible, based on field evidences and theoretical considerations, however, it is most likely that the vertically orientated clasts resulted from their re-orientation by upward flow of thixotropically liquidized, uncemented argillaceous sediment that was interbedded with brecciated limestone fragments. Besides, the deformation processes most likely took place under shallow burial. | CHEN JiTao | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，5： | 3 |
| 14 | Earthquake-induced Soft-sediment Deformation Structures in the Dengfeng Area,Henan Province,China:Constraints on Qinling Tectonic Evolution during the Early Cambrian显示文摘Soft-sediment deformation structures are abundant in the Cambrian Zhushadong and Mantou formations of the Dengfeng area, Henan Province, China. Soft-sediment deformation structures of the Zhushadong Formation consist of fluidized deformation, synsedimentary faults, seismo-folds and plastic deformation; the Mantou Formation is dominated by small-scale horst faults, intruded dikes, fluidized veins, and seismo-cracks. These structures are demonstrated to be earthquake-related by analysis of trigger mechanisms, and may indicate the activity of the Qinling tectonic belt during the early Cambrian. Furthermore, the assemblages of soft-sediment deformation structures altered with time: large-scale, intense deformation in the Zhushadong Formation alters to small-scale, weak deformation in the Mantou Formation. This striking feature may have been caused by changes in hypocentral depth from deep-focus to shallow-focus earthquakes, indicating that the Qinling tectonic belt developed from the subduction of the Shangdan Ocean to the extension of the Erlangping back-arc basin. This study suggests that soft-sediment deformation structures can be used to reveal the activity of a tectonic belt, and, more importantly, changes in deformation assemblages can track the evolution of a tectonic belt. | YANG Wentao WANG Min QI Yong'an | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，6： | 2 |
| 15 | 辽宁西部北票地区高于庄组白云岩沉积特征研究显示文摘通过在野外及光学显微镜下观察辽宁西部北票地区高于庄组上部白云岩的岩石学特征,识别出若干由薄层白云岩和中厚层白云岩组成的沉积旋回,为潮上带至潮间带沉积特征,具有微亮晶白云岩、泥晶白云岩和内碎屑白云岩3种沉积微相,部分伴有白云岩的重结晶现象以及硅质成分的孔洞充填和交代现象。剖面中硅质条带和结核均顺层出露,可能形成于准同生阶段。硅质成分的交代或充填对白云石的重结晶可能具有促进作用,溶蚀作用对泥晶白云石的晶间孔隙度有明显的改善,形成优质的白云岩储层。因此,准同生阶段的硅质充填或交代作用对白云岩储层的形成与演化可能有重要的贡献。 | 丁伟铭 甯濛 秦树健 董琳 | 2019 | 北京大学学报(自然科学版)2019，55，6： | 1 |
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