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| 1 | 跳出南海看南海--新特提斯洋闭合与南海的形成演化显示文摘本文总结了笔者参与基金委重大研究计划'南海深海过程演变'的研究成果。我们发现南海和青藏高原都是新特提斯洋闭合的产物,而非前人所说的南海是由青藏高原碰撞导致的中南半岛逃逸所形成。与青藏高原碰撞隆升机制不同,南海是新特提斯闭合后期弧后拉张的结果。新特提斯洋位于北边的欧亚大陆与南面的非洲、印度和澳大利亚板块之间,呈东宽西窄的喇叭型。在西部,新特提斯洋向北的俯冲可能在侏罗纪就开始了,局部形成了弧后盆。约130Ma前,由于凯尔盖朗等大火成岩省的喷发,新特提斯洋脊也开始向北漂移。由于新特提斯洋东部宽度较大,弧后拉张明显,形成了古南海。新特提斯洋闭合过程中一个重大事件是洋脊俯冲:从菲律宾经福建及两广到青藏高原,均有100Ma左右的埃达克岩产出,是洋脊俯冲的产物。其中,菲律宾、福建、广东埃达克岩形成了斑岩铜金矿床;而在青藏高原,埃达克岩虽有矿化,但没有形成大规模的斑岩铜金矿床。同时期,华南出现了一次短暂的大规模挤压事件,与洋脊俯冲契合。这次挤压事件可能导致了古南海闭合的开始。与此同时,青藏高原冈底斯出现高温岩石——埃达克质紫苏花岗岩;其北面有~110Ma短时间内发生的大规模花岗岩事件。考虑到板块重建的结果,这些埃达克岩和华南短时间挤压事件的时空分布显示新特提斯洋脊在约100~110Ma,近似平行于俯冲带俯冲到了欧亚大陆之下;其前片下沉,扰动软流圈,形成大规模岩浆活动;后片则缓慢后撤,于~80Ma形成了A-型花岗岩。这些A-型花岗岩多属于A2型,受到了还原性板块俯冲的影响而普遍含锡,形成了全球60%的锡矿。俯冲板片的后撤,导致了拉张,可以合理解释南海北缘的'神狐运动'。随着俯冲板片后撤,俯冲角度加大,形成新的弧后拉张,于~33Ma出现洋壳,形成了南海。青藏高原碰撞引起的物质向东、南、北等各方向逃逸,对东亚大陆的构造格局也产生了重要的影响,但是并非南海拉张的主要控制因素。到~23Ma时,东经九十度海岭的俯冲阻挡了青藏高原下方地幔物质向东南方向逃逸,改变了东亚构造格局。同时,由于该海岭俯冲产生的向北东方向的挤压,造成印支半岛向西南挠曲,导致南海洋脊产生向南的跃迁。 | 孙卫东 林秋婷 张丽鹏 廖仁强 李聪颖 | 2018 | 岩石学报2018，34，12： | 26 |
| 2 | Analyses on the tectonic thermal evolution and influence factors in the deep-water Qiongdongnan Basin显示文摘To reveal the tectonic thermal evolution and influence factors on the present heat flow distribution, based on 154 heat flow data, the present heat flow distribution features of the main tectonic units are first analyzed in detail, then the tectonic thermal evolution histories of 20 profiles are reestablished crossing the main deep-water sags with a structural, thermal and sedimentary coupled numerical model. On the basis of the present geothermal features, the Qiongdongnan Basin could be divided into three regions: the northern shelf and upper slope region with a heat flow of 50–70 m W/m2, most of the central depression zone of 70–85 m W/m2, and a NE trending high heat flow zone of 85–105 m W/m2 lying in the eastern basin. Numerical modeling shows that during the syn-rift phase, the heat flow increases generally with time, and is higher in basement high area than in its adjacent sags. At the end of the syn-rift phase, the heat flow in the deepwater sags was in a range of 60–85 m W/m2, while in the basement high area, it was in a range of 75–100 m W/m2. During the post-rift phase, the heat flow decreased gradually, and tended to be more uniform in the basement highs and sags. However, an extensive magmatism, which equivalently happened at around 5 Ma, has greatly increased the heat flow values, and the relict heat still contributes about 10–25 m W/m2 to the present surface heat flow in the central depression zone and the southern uplift zone. Further analyses suggested that the present high heat flow in the deep-water Qiongdongnan Basin is a combined result of the thermal anomaly in the upper mantle, highly thinning of the lithosphere, and the recent extensive magmatism. Other secondary factors might have affected the heat flow distribution features in some local regions. These factors include basement and seafloor topography, sediment heat generation, thermal blanketing, local magmatic injecting and hydrothermal activities related to faulting and overpressure. | WANG Zhenfeng SHI Xiaobin YANG Jun HUANG Baojia SUN Zhen WANG Yahui JIANG Haiyan YU Chuanhai YANG Xiaoqiu | 2014 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014，33，12： | 22 |
| 3 | Initiation and evolution of the South China Sea: an overview显示文摘Different models have been proposed for the formation and tectonic evolution of the South China Sea(SCS), including extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula,backarc extension, two-stage opening, proto-SCS dragging,extension induced by a mantle plume, and integrated models that combine diverse factors. Among these, the extrusion model has gained the most attention. Based on simpli?ed physical experiments, this model proposes that collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates resulted in extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula, which in turn led to opening of the SCS. The extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula, however, should have led to preferential opening in the west side of the SCS, which is contrary to observations. Extensional models propose that the SCS was a backarc basin, rifted off the South China Block. Most of the backarc extension models, however, are not compatible with observations in terms of either age or subduction direction. The two-stage extension model is based on extensional basins surrounding the SCS. Recent dating results indeed show two-stage opening in the SCS, but the Southwest Subbasin of the SCS is much younger, which contradicts the two-stage extension model. Here we propose a re?ned backarc extension model. There was a wide Neotethys Ocean between the Australian and Eurasian Plates before the Indian-Eurasian collision. The ocean ?oor started to subduct northward at *125 Ma, causing backarc extension along the southern margin of the Eurasian Plate and the formation of the proto-SCS. The Neotethys subduction regime changed due to ridge subduction in the Late Cretaceous, resulting in fold-belts, uplifting, erosion, and widespread unconformities. It may also have led to the subduction of the proto-SCS. Flat subduction of the ridge may have reached further north and resulted in another backarc extension that formed the SCS. The rollback of the?at subducting slab might have occurred *90 Ma ago; the second backarc extension may have initiated between 50 and 45 Ma. The opening of the Southwest Subbasin is roughly simultaneous with a ridge jump in the East Subbasin, which implies major tectonic changes in the surrounding regions, likely related to major changes in the extrusion of the Indochina Peninsula. | Weidong Sun | 2016 | Acta Geochimica2016，35，3： | 22 |
| 4 | 被动大陆边缘张-破裂过程与岩浆活动:南海的归属显示文摘岩浆在被动大陆边缘的张-破裂过程中起到决定性作用.南海东北部陆缘发育厚度达10 km的下地壳高速体,其成因机制长期存在争议,影响了对南海东北部陆缘构造归属的界定.为了分析南海共轭陆缘的张破裂机制,本文调研了国内外最新研究进展,系统分析了南海南北陆缘的地壳结构和岩浆活动特点,提出:南海陆缘和海盆中发育有大量岩浆活动,但东西陆缘存在较大差异,底侵高速体东厚西薄,推测为同张裂成因.根据地壳结构与底侵岩浆的量,将被动陆缘划分为5个子类,南海陆缘东侧为多岩浆型,向西变为少岩浆型.东西差异除与伸展速率有关,可能还与东侧陆缘发生了板缘破裂,而西侧陆缘发生了板内破裂有关. | 孙珍 李付成 林间 孙龙涛 庞雄 郑金云 | 2021 | 地球科学2021，46，3： | 23 |
| 5 | Tracing the life history of a marginal sea——On “The South China Sea Deep” Research Program显示文摘The Major Research Program 'Deep Sea Processes and Evolution of the South China Sea', or 'The South China Sea Deep', launched in January 2011 by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, is the first large-scale basic-research program in ocean science in the country aiming to reconstruct the life history of a marginal sea. The overall scientific objective of the program is to dissect this typical marginal sea by studying its history of evolution and its modern processes, including the following three major components:(1) Development of the deep basin:utilizing new techniques to re-measure magnetic anomaly lineations, to explore the deep tectonic features, to drill the oceanic crust, and to study volcanic seamount chains; (2) deep-water sediments: observing the modern processes to reveal the patterns of deep-water circulations and sedimentation, analyzing deep-sea sediments to recognize paleoceanographic response to basin evolution, and subsequently to bridge the modern and paleo-studies of the deep-sea processes; and (3) biogeochemical processes:using a variety of techniques including deploying submarine observation and deep-water diving device to investigate the distribution patterns and environmental impacts of deepwater seepages and sub-bottom circulation, and to reveal the role of microbes in deep-sea carbon cycling. As compared with the open ocean and other marginal seas, the South China Sea enjoys many more advantages as a marine basin for reconstructing the life history. Meanwhile, the South China Sea Deep Program provides unique opportunities in studying the evolution and variations of the sea-land interactions between the Pacific and Asia. | WANG PinXian | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，24： | 18 |
| 6 | 南海北部阳江-一统暗沙断裂带与新近纪岩浆活动显示文摘阳江-一统暗沙断裂带是南海北部珠江口盆地极其重要的中-新生代构造带和转换带。基于钻井资料和大范围、高密度的二维、三维地震资料,本文初步揭示阳江-一统暗沙断裂带走向为NW-NWW向、宽约30km,沿着断裂走向从陆架至洋陆边界断裂带可分为北-中-南三段,断裂在新生代选择性活化,具有多重走滑断裂叠合和基底岩浆底辟强烈等特点,表明其在新生代构造调节作用中发展成一个活动断裂带。通过对断裂带及其围区新近纪岩浆活动的系统解析,首次揭示了新近纪岩浆沿该深大断裂在大陆架-深水大陆坡均有强烈活动,具有沿断裂带走向呈带状分布、南早北晚和多期次幕式迁移等特征。新近纪岩浆活动开始于23.0 Ma,在断裂带南段的云开低凸起及邻区形成强烈的基底岩浆底辟。岩浆喷发作用集中在21.1~19.1 Ma、18.5 Ma、15.5~13.5 Ma和8~6 Ma等4个时期。在21.1~19.1 Ma期间,岩浆活动迁移到中段的开平东洼和神狐隆起东缘之间,出现了强烈的火山裂隙式喷发。18.5 Ma以来,断裂带南段-中段火山喷发作用基本停止,岩浆活动向北迁移到北段的阳江东凹一带,具有中心式溢流相喷发叠合裂隙式火山喷发的特征。推测阳江-一统暗沙断裂带新近纪的岩浆来源于南海北部地幔上涌区的下地壳高速体减压熔融,而断裂带上岩浆活动表现出的时空不均一性和幕式迁移性,可能与地幔上涌区向海倾斜特性及断裂带分段差异活动有关。 | 蔡国富 张向涛 彭光荣 吴静 柳保军 白海军 李振升 马晓楠 李三忠 索艳慧 | 2021 | 大地构造与成矿学2021，45，1： | 15 |
| 7 | 南海大陆边缘动力学:从陆缘破裂到海底扩张显示文摘边缘海如何形成是地球科学的基本问题.本研究通过对南海区域深反射地震数据及钻井数据的综合解释,聚焦地壳深部结构和三维全变形机制,在南海陆缘张裂-海盆扩张的构造动力学研究中取得重要进展:(1)'大陆破裂非均一':拉张过程垂向上分层非均一,受拆离断层系统控制;裂离过程横向上高度变化,中-东侧受岩浆作用主导,西侧受构造作用主导.(2)'海盆扩张非对称':受周期性地幔对流活动主导,扩张表现为两次洋脊南向跃迁,方向也发生多次转变,导致南海扩张的不连续-非对称性.据此提出西太俯冲背景下周缘受限型海盆高度变化-非均衡扩张模式的新认识,丰富大陆边缘动力学理论. | 丁巍伟 | 2021 | 地球科学2021，46，3： | 14 |
| 8 | Astronomical tuning and magnetostratigraphy of Neogene biogenic reefs in Xisha Islands, South China Sea显示文摘Biogenic reefs are one of two major depositional types in the South China Sea, and are constructed by coral, algae and bryozoa. The West Pacific is a major area of biogenic reef development and plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, the lack of geochronological studies in previous works inhibits our understanding of their contributions. Herein, we conduct a cyclostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic study on Neogene biogenic reefs using the XK–1 core that was drilled at the Shidao Island,Xisha(Paracel) Islands. The main findings of this study are:(1) the establishment of reliable magentostratigraphy for Ledong, Huangliu, Meishan and Sanya Formations;(2) the magnetic susceptibility variation can be inferred as growth index and tuned to the 405–ka long eccentricity cycle;(3) the astronomical geochronology suggests that the bottom ages for Ledong, Yinggehai, Huangliu, Meishan,and Sanya Formations are 2.2 Ma, 5.7 Ma, 10.4 Ma, 16.6 Ma, and 24.3 Ma, respectively; and (4) Earth's eccentricity and obliquity played predominant roles in biogenic reef establishment on orbital to tectonic timescales. Thus, the reported geochronology offers an opportunity to test the contributions of various factors and hypothesize their roles in the global carbon cycle in future. | Liang Yi Zhimin Jian Xinyu Liu Youhua Zhu Daojun Zhang Zhenfeng Wang Chenglong Deng | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，9： | 12 |
| 9 | Passive-source ocean bottom seismograph(OBS) array experiment in South China Sea and data quality analyses显示文摘Long-term passive source ocean bottom seismograph(OBS) observatory is challenging due to various technical difficulties. In order to gain experience in this field, and to reveal the lithospheric structure beneath the extinct ridge in the central South China Sea(SCS), we carried out a passive source OBS array experiment, which includes 18 OBSs, in the deep portion of SCS. Here we present the instrumentation, the OBS deployment and recovery of this experiment, and more importantly, the data quality evaluated by a number of approaches. Through processing and inspecting waveforms from global, regional and local earthquakes, we find that most of recovered OBSs have good data quality with discernible main phases. The ambient noise analyses of OBS recordings show that their noise is higher than the global average, and the horizontal component is noisier than the vertical, indicating current impacts on horizontal components are more severe. In the period range of 5–10 s, there is a noise notch for the SCS OBSs, and noise levels of horizontal components are comparable to the vertical. This feature, which is not seen at OBS stations in open ocean, suggests the distant sources for double frequency microseism in this marginal sea are not significant. In addition, we successfully determined the orientations for 7 OBSs by investigating their Rayleigh wave polarizations; and we demonstrated the dispersion feature of Rayleigh waves through the frequency-time analysis. Finally, we summarized lessons learned from this experiment regarding the passive source OBS investigations in SCS. | Chenguang Liu Qingfeng Hua Yanliang Pei Ting Yang Shaohong Xia Mei Xue Ba Manh Le Da Huo Fang Liu Haibo Huang | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，33： | 11 |
| 10 | ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar ages of seamount trachytes from the South China Sea and implications for the evolution of the northwestern sub-basin显示文摘A chronological study of seamount rocks in the South China Sea basin provides a great opportunity to understand the expansion and evolution history of the sea basin.In this paper,we analyzed the40Ar/39Ar age of trachytic samples collected from the Shuangfeng seamounts in the northwestern sub-basin of the South China Sea.The two samples yielded plateau ages of 23.80 0.18 and 23.29 0.22 Ma,respectively,which indicate magmatic activity in late Oligocene which helpful constraints the expansion time of the northwest sub-basin.Previous studies suggested that the northwestern sub-basin and southwestern sub-basin have experienced a relatively consistent expansion in the NWeSE direction followed by a late expansion of the eastern sub-basin.We concluded that the expansion of the northwestern sub-basin began prior to ca.24 Ma,which also implicated magmatic events of a late or stop expansion of the northwestern sub-basin combined with our results of40Ar/39Ar age data and previous geophysical data. | Xiaohu Li Jiabiao Li Xing Yu Chunsheng Wang Fred Jourdan | 2015 | Geoscience Frontiers2015，6，4： | 9 |
| 11 | 南海玳瑁海山玄武质火山角砾岩的地球化学特征及其意义显示文摘海山火山碎屑岩是水下爆发性火山作用的产物,研究发现,玳瑁海山火山角砾岩是南海发现的具有过渡性质的拉斑玄武岩,呈现相对较高的K2O+Na2O含量(3.10%~4.98%),富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,具有位于E-MORB与OIB之间的稀土元素配分模式,∑REE为80~148×10-6,(La/Yb)N比值为2.6~6.7.它们与南海分布更广的碱性玄武岩具有相似的构造环境,为南海扩张后的板内成因.南海中中新世以来的海山主要出现拉斑玄武岩,而晚中新世以后则主要为碱性、强碱性玄武岩,研究认为岩石圈'顶盖效应'起到一定影响,岩石圈厚度随着时间变化而增厚制约着岩浆源区熔体的演化.南海陆缘存在古老的交代岩石圈地幔,在海盆扩张前后发生的拆沉及热化学减薄,使得软流圈中加入了富集不相容元素组分,可能是玳瑁海山玄武岩富集组分的来源. | 任江波 王嘹亮 鄢全树 石学法 廖林 方念乔 | 2013 | 地球科学(中国地质大学学报)2013，38，S1： | 9 |
| 12 | 南海成因及其演化模式探讨显示文摘尽管南海已进行深入的调查与研究,提出多种成因模型,包括挤出模型、弧后扩张模型、古南海俯冲拖曳模型等,但因其所处构造位置特殊,周边构造环境经历了复杂的改造,所有成因模式均未能得到广泛的认可。本文从三大板块相互作用入手,结合南海实测数据,提出南海形成的弧后扩张—左旋剪切模型。认为南海是古南海往北俯冲的弧后盆地,菲律宾海板块往北漂移形成的大规模左旋走滑是南海扩张的触发因素。印度—欧亚碰撞产生中南半岛挤出主要影响西南海盆扩张方向,使得扩张轴从近东西向转为北东向。南海及邻区晚中生代以来的演化可以分为以下阶段:1)早白垩世开始澳大利亚板块往北漂移,新特提斯洋往北俯冲消亡,导致弧后扩张,形成古南海;2)晚白垩世末—始新世,古南海往北俯冲,导致弧后拉张形成陆缘裂谷;3)早渐新世,受菲律宾海板块西缘大型左旋走滑影响,在原有裂谷的基础上从东往西海底扩张,形成南海;4)渐新世末,受俯冲后撤的影响,扩张中心往南跃迁,同时受西缘断裂左旋活动的影响,扩张轴从近东西西逐步转为北东向;5)早中新世晚期,南沙地块—北巴拉望地块与卡加延脊碰撞,南海扩张停止。 | 李学杰 王哲 姚永坚 高红芳 祝嵩 徐子英 | 2020 | 中国地质2020，47，5： | 9 |
| 13 | 南海西北部沉积盆地晚新生代沉降、沉积特征:对深部异常过程的响应显示文摘南海西北部雷琼区域出露大量晚新生代碱性玄武岩,且地震层析成像结果显示其地幔存在类似地幔热柱特征的低速异常体.为了揭示该异常体的活动信息及其对表层地质过程的影响,本文选择位于雷琼区域的北部湾盆地和珠三坳陷为研究对象,系统分析了它们早中新世以来的构造沉降、与基底隆升有关的剥蚀面和岩浆活动特征.结果显示,研究区晚中新世构造沉降速率表现为低速异常;晚中新世以来,研究区发育了2个因基底隆升形成的局部剥蚀面,剥蚀范围大致以雷琼火山区为中心呈环状分布,中心区域剥蚀量较大,累积厚度100~200m;中中新世后研究区部分区域因岩浆活动导致上覆地层隆起和沉积环境变化.分析表明雷琼地区深部低速异常体对表层升降影响有限,推测该深部异常体规模较小,可能是深部更大规模异常体的一个分支. | 陈梅 施小斌 任自强 徐子英 刘凯 刘航 | 2019 | 地球物理学报2019，62，2： | 7 |
| 14 | Evolution of deepwater sedimentary environments and its implication for hydrocarbon exploration in Qiongdongnan Basin, northwestern South China Sea显示文摘Over the past several years, a number of hydrocarbon reservoirs have been discovered in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin, northwestern South China Sea. These oil/gas fields demonstrate that the evolution of the deepwater sedimentary environment are controlling the formation and distribution of large-scale clastic reservoirs. Integration between seismic and borehole data were necessary to best clarify the distribution and quality of these deepwater reservoirs. Geochemical and paleobiological evidence from discrete samples was also applied to document specific information regarding the sedimentary environment. Results show that the Qiongdongnan Basin has existed as a thriving marine environment since Oligocene, when several rifting depressions developed throughout the entire Qiongdongnan Basin. Triggered by the faults activities, several distinct provenances supplied the coarse sediments, transporting and depositing them in deep parts of the rifting depressions. A fan delta system then formed nearby the source in the deeper area of these rifting depressions. The sedimentary environment of Qiongdongnan gradiationally became deepwater since early Miocene.Consequently, abundances of sediments were transported from Hainan Island and Southern Uplift, and then sunk into the basin center. The submarine fans revealed by many boreholes in this area verified them as good reservoir. Because the area reached its lowest sea level at late Miocene and the Southern Uplift subsidenced under sea level, not providing any sediment, so that the carbonate mesa and biorhythms characteristic of this area also developed during this period. In the west part of Qiongdongnan Basin, sediments transported from Vietnam increased in response to the Tibetan Uplift. Consequently, a central canyon developed along the center of Qiongdongnan Basin, which has been confirmed by several boreholes as a favorable hydrocarbon reservoir. The clarification of the deepwater sedimentary environment's evolution is potentially highly beneficial to future hydrocarbon exploration in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin. | WANG Zhenfeng JIANG Tao ZHANG Daojun WANG Yahui ZUO Qianmei HE Weijun | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，4： | 6 |
| 15 | 琼东北晚新生代断裂活动及其对东寨港沉降的控制作用显示文摘琼东北的1605年琼州7.5级大地震曾导致大面积陆陷成海。前人研究多关注陆陷成海机制,但对该区晚新生代断裂活动及其控制下的沉降过程与构造机制一直缺乏深入研究。在地质调查基础上,结合钻孔揭露和大地电磁探测(EH4)结果等资料发现,东寨港地区自西向东可分为演丰火山岩台地、东寨港潟湖平原和锦山剥蚀台地三个构造地貌单元,并且不同地貌单元间明显受到区域上北西向正断层活动的控制。根据86个钻孔资料制作的东寨港地区新近纪以来不同时期沉积物等厚度图显示,该区的沉积中心从新近纪以来存在由西向东迁移过程,沉积速率也存在明显的变化。中—上新世、早更新世、晚更新世和全新世平均沉积速率分别为12 mm/ka、10 mm/ka、67 mm/ka和1 922 mm/ka,显示中更新世之后沉积速率骤然增大,并在全新世达到最大。综合分析认为,北西向铺前—清澜断裂第四纪正断层活动控制了东寨港地堑的发育与东寨港陆陷成海及其震后地壳持续下沉;东寨港凹陷晚更新世以来处于快速加积过程中;相邻的锦山剥蚀台地长期以来处于相对稳定或微隆升状态,并很可能属于雷琼凹陷之外的构造地块,雷琼凹陷是否应囊括锦山剥蚀台地值得进一步研究和商榷。 | 丁莹莹 赵希涛 胡道功 张绪教 王超群 胡正旺 夏蒙蒙 吴环环 游报捷 常鹏渊 | 2018 | 地球学报2018，39，2： | 6 |
| 16 | 西天山哈拉达拉辉长岩的Fe-Ti富集机制及其构造意义显示文摘特克斯哈拉达拉辉长岩体是西南天山出露规模最大的层状基性一超基性侵入杂岩体,其富含Fe—Ti氧化物(含量高达15%)。哈拉达拉辉长岩中的橄榄石具有较低的Fo值(64~75),斜长石主要为中-拉长石,单斜辉石相对低Mg^#(0.66~0.87),属于次透辉石或普通辉石,总体上显示出较高的岩浆演化程度。Fe-Ti氧化物以钒钛磁铁矿为主(TiO2=0.8%~20.6%;V2O3=0.10%~0.83%),常与钛铁矿呈矿物对共生或出溶钛铁矿。晚期的云母矿物均围绕他形的Fe-Ti氧化物生长,主要为富MgO的金云母,少量属于黑云母;大部分云母成分富含F、CI(F+C1高达3.14%),指示岩浆形成于贫水环境。哈拉达拉辉长岩体的主量元素成分变化很大(Mg^#=0.48~0.73),橄榄辉长岩主要受橄榄石和斜长石的结晶分异/堆晶作用影响.而辉长岩的成分变化主要受控于斜长石和Fe—Ti氧化物的堆晶作用。哈拉达拉岩体的Fe—Ti氧化物主要为岩浆正常结晶分异作用的结果,该体系具有较低氧逸度、贫水的特点,其地幔源区的熔融程度较高,可能是塔里木地幔柱在天山造山带这一构造薄弱带的早期岩浆活动。 | 贺鹏丽 黄小龙 李洪颜 李洁 于洋 李武显 | 2013 | 岩石学报2013，29，10： | 6 |
| 17 | 南海及邻区新构造运动表现特征及其主控因素显示文摘南海具有复杂的地质构造背景,扩张结束以后,新构造运动活跃,但各区域新构造运动发生的时间及运动特征有较大差异。本文综合分析了南海各区域构造演化事件、现今构造格局及新构造运动的基本特征,认为南海新构造运动的起始时间为中中新世(约15 Ma)较合理。在此基础上,收集和整理了南海及邻区最新的地质和地球物理资料,对南海海域新构造期地层差异升降、活动断裂、天然地震以及岩浆活动等新构造表现形式进行了综合分析,系统总结了南海新构造运动特征,并根据活动断裂、天然地震以及岩浆活动等特征和分布规律分析,认为南海海域新构造的表现形式之间存在较大的耦合性。本文根据新构造运动表现形式在空间分布的不平衡性,将南海及邻区划分为1个强构造活动区、3个中等强度构造活动区以及1个弱构造活动区,并结合研究区应力场特征分析,认为南海新构造运动主要受控于东部菲律宾海板块和太平洋板块对东亚大陆边缘的持续俯冲碰撞作用。 | 卢丽娟 蔡周荣 黄强太 姚永坚 刘海龄 | 2019 | 吉林大学学报(地球科学版)2019，49，1： | 6 |
| 18 | 广西涠洲岛晚新生代玄武岩地幔源区及岩浆成因显示文摘涠洲岛作为我国最年轻的第四纪火山岩岛,其火山活动表现出多期、多旋回和多喷发中心的特征,但其地幔源区特征和岩浆成因依然存在争议。本文对涠洲岛玄武岩开展了详细的矿物学和全岩主、微量元素及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究,以揭示其地幔源区特征和岩浆成因。涠洲岛玄武岩主要为碱性玄武岩,在岩浆上升过程,几乎未受到地壳物质的混染,经历了橄榄石和单斜辉石的分离结晶作用。轻稀土(LREE)富集、重稀土(HREE)亏损,轻、重稀土强烈分馏((La/Yb)N=14.42~28.64),Nb、Ta明显正异常,显示出与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似的微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征。Sr-Nd-Pb同位素比值变化较均一,且呈现出亏损地幔端元(DM)与富集地幔端元(EM2)的二元混合趋势。其中,EM2端元可能源于海南地幔柱。Sr/Sr^*(1.21~2.36)和Eu/Eu^*(1.01~1.11)正异常,指示源区存在再循环辉长岩洋壳组分。结合已有的地震层析成像结果和岩石地球化学数据,得出南海及周缘地区的晚新生代玄武岩的形成受控于海南地幔柱。伴随着海南地幔柱的上升,再循环的辉长岩洋壳经部分熔融与地幔橄榄岩反应生成石榴石辉石岩(贫硅辉石岩),石榴石辉石岩和未反应的地幔橄榄岩混合部分熔融形成涠洲岛玄武岩。 | 杨文健 于红梅 赵波 陈正全 白翔 | 2020 | 岩石学报2020，36，7： | 5 |
| 19 | 南海西南次海盆两侧陆缘中生代晚期构造接触关系显示文摘为探究南海西南次海盆两侧陆缘地块在中生代晚期构造接触关系及其对南海形成演化的影响,利用过南海西南次海盆两侧陆缘采集的地球物理资料以及公开发表的数据资料,对两侧陆缘的地壳结构及前新生界构造变形特征进行了研究.研究结果显示,西南次海盆两侧陆缘的地壳结构及物质组成存在差异,属于性质不同的两个微地块;两侧陆缘前新生代地层在晚中生代经历了来自不同方向的挤压作用,且遭受抬升剥蚀.结合南海及邻区中生代花岗岩分布特征及区域构造背景,进一步推测两侧陆缘地块在晚中生代以俯冲碰撞的方式完成拼贴缝合,该俯冲碰撞带是南海北部俯冲带在南海西南方向的延伸,并且新生代南海的扩张可能与该俯冲碰撞带这个先存的软弱带有关,是南海海盆初始破裂的部位. | 朱荣伟 姚永坚 刘海龄 徐子英 聂鑫 杜文波 | 2021 | 地球科学2021，46，3： | 5 |
| 20 | 武陵-江南造山带中段地壳结构及其物质组成差异--基于地球化学和地球物理异常特征研究显示文摘区域深部结构和物质组成差异与成矿成藏及其保存具有密切关系。武陵—江南造山带中段区域西部地区是我国重要的含油气地区,中东部则以盛产铅锌等金属矿产为特征。本文通过对研究区地球化学和地球物理异常特征进行研究,探讨研究区地壳结构和物质组成差异的地球动力学背景。地球化学聚类分析结果表明武陵山—江南造山带中段不同块体之间在物质组成及元素富集规律上存在较大差异,推测与深部具有不同的构造特征有关。区域重、磁、震地球物理研究表明东部隔槽式褶皱断裂构造系统发育,且在中下地壳发育有大尺度叠瓦式逆冲断层;西部仅在上地壳尺度存在隔挡式褶皱。区内南北重力梯度带为纵贯中国南北的大兴安岭—太行山—武陵山重力异常梯度带的南段,它将华南陆块明显地分为东西两大部分。东西两部分的地质构造格局、地壳厚度以及地形地貌等方面都有巨大差别,地球物理属性差异揭示梯度带东侧构造演化主要受古太平洋西向俯冲及其远程应力作用影响,与中生代晚期古太平洋俯冲角度/方向和(或)后撤引发挤压-构造伸展体制转换有关。地球化学和地球物理综合研究表明不同块体的相互作用为湘西—鄂西成矿带成矿提供了有利条件,成矿带与齐岳山断裂和江南造山带边界交汇区域具有多处明显的化探高值异常,推测其具有进一步找矿前景。下一步,仍需加大地球化学和地球物理综合解释投入,为研究区域构造变形、演化及成矿过程提供进一步制约。 | 陈昌昕 严加永 刘卫强 罗凡 张冲 徐峣 程志中 汪洋 | 2022 | 地球学报2022，43，6： | 4 |
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