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| 1 | Exploration and research progress of shale gas in China显示文摘There are three types of shale gas resources in China.The resources are present in large amounts and are widely distributed.Marine facies,transitional facies and continental facies resources each account for a third.Based on resource distributions,there are many wells penetrated into the Sinian,Cambrian, Ordovieian,Silurian,Devonian,Carboniferous and Permian strata of the Yangtze plate and its periphery, the North China Craton and the Tarim Basin.Many years of exploration have indicated that the marine Silurian Longmaxi shale gas is widely distributed in south China and has been industrialized in its production in the Siehuan basin.The shale gas from the Cambrian Niutitang Formation and the Sinian Doushantuo Formation are important discoveries in Yichang,Hub ei and Zhenba,Shanxi.There are also shale gas resources found within transitional facies and continental facies in different areas in China.The 'two element enrichment theory'has been summarized during the exploration process of Silurian marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin.In addition,horizontal drilling and fracturing technologies up to 3500 m in depth have been developed.Based on the understanding of shale gas accumulation in a complex tectonic zone outside the Sichnan basin,a preliminary summary of the formation of the 'converse fault syneline control reservoir'and 'paleo uplift control reservoir'model has been constructed.The dominant theory of 'Trinity'shale gas enrichment and the high yield of the 'deep water Lu Pengxiang sedimentary facies belt, structural preservation conditions and overpressure'is summarized.Guided by the above theories.Anyel well in Guizhou and Eyangyel well in Hubei were drilled.'Four storey'oil and shale 'gas is found in the Permian Qixia group,the Silurian Shiniulan Formation,the Longmaxi Formation and the Ordovician Baota Formation in Anyel well.Good shale gas has been gound in the Cambrian Niutitang formation inian Doushantuo formation in Eyangye lwell.This paper aims to summarize and review the main progress,theoretical technology and problems of shale gas exploration and development in recent years in China,and predicts the future exploration and development direction for shale gas and possible exploration areas. | Gang-yi Zhai Yu-fang Wang Zhi Zhou Shu-fang Yu Xiang-lin Chen Yun-xiao Zhang | 2018 | China Geology2018，1，2： | 15 |
| 2 | Logging prediction and evaluation of fracture toughness for the shales in the Longmaxi Formation, Southern Sichuan Basin显示文摘The mode-I fracture toughness is of great significance for evaluating the fracturing ability of shale reservoirs.In this study,the mode-I fracture toughness of the shale in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation,Southern Sichuan Basin was determined with the Cracked Chevron Notched Brazilian Disc(CCNBD).Based on the experimental data,the relationships among the mode-I fracture toughness,the density,the acoustic time and the clay mineral content were analyzed.The shale samples for fracture toughness test from cores were commonly limited,the investigation of fracture toughness using well logs was necessary.Therefore,a prediction model was proposed by correlating the fracture toughness with well logs responses.The results indicate that the fracture toughness of shale samples is from 0.4744 MPa$m1/2 to 1.0607 MPa$m1/2 with an average of 0.7817 MPa$m1/2,indicating that the anisotropy of fracture toughness of the Longmaxi Formation shale.The clay mineral content and the density have a positive effect on the fracture toughness,whereas the acoustic time plays a negative role on the fracture toughness.The clay mineral content has an important effect on the relationships among fracture toughness,acoustic time and density.The prediction model can provide continuous data of mode-I fracture toughness along the wellbore for field hydraulic fracturing operation,and it has certain guiding significance in the exploration and development of oil and gas reservoirs. | Jian Xiong Kaiyuan Liu Changyou Shi Xiangjun Liu Linlin Huang | 2021 | Petroleum2021，7，3： | 1 |
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