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| 1 | role of the normal gut microbiota显示文摘Relation between the gut microbiota and human health is being increasingly recognised. It is now well established that a healthy gut flora is largely responsible for overall health of the host. The normal human gut microbiota comprises of two major phyla, namely Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Though the gut microbiota in an infant appears haphazard, it starts resembling the adult flora by the age of 3 years. Nevertheless, there exist temporal and spatial variations in the microbial distribution from esophagus to the rectum all along the individual's life span. Developments in genome sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have now enabled scientists to study these microorganisms and their function and microbehost interactions in an elaborate manner both in health and disease. The normal gut microbiota imparts specific function in host nutrient metabolism, xenobiotic and drug metabolism, maintenance of structural integrity of the gut mucosal barrier, immunomodulation, and protection against pathogens. Several factors play a role in shaping the normal gut microbiota. They include(1) the mode of delivery(vaginal or caesarean);(2) diet during infancy(breast milk or formula feeds) and adulthood(vegan based or meat based); and(3) use of antibiotics or antibiotic like molecules that are derived from the environment or the gut commensal community. A major concern of antibiotic use is the long-term alteration of the normal healthy gut microbiota and horizontal transfer of resistance genes that could result in reservoir of organisms with a multidrug resistant gene pool. | Sai Manasa Jandhyala Rupjyoti Talukdar Chivkula Subramanyam Harish Vuyyuru Mitnala Sasikala D Nageshwar Reddy | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，29： | 187 |
| 2 | 1990—2015年中国四类慢性病早死概率与"健康中国2030"下降目标分析显示文摘目的 分析1990—2015年中国全国及各省份心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、糖尿病和慢性呼吸系统疾病等四类慢性病早死概率、变化趋势,以及实现"健康中国2030"重大慢性病早死概率下降目标的情况.方法 利用2015年全球疾病负担研究结果 ,根据WHO推荐的早死概率计算方法,计算、分析和比较1990—2015年中国全国及各省份(不包括中国台湾数据)不同性别四类慢性病早死概率及其年均变化速度;并以"健康中国2030"重大慢性病早死概率目标——下降30%为标准,评价各省四类慢性病早死概率实现目标的难度.结果1990—2015年中国男性和女性心脑血管疾病、肿瘤和慢性呼吸系统疾病早死概率均呈持续下降的趋势,四类慢性病合计的早死概率由30.69%降至18.54%,女性的下降速度(由25.97%降至12.40%)远快于男性(由34.94%降至24.19%).2015年四类慢性病早死概率较高的前5位省份依次为青海(28.81%)、西藏(25.88%)、贵州(24.67%)、广西(23.56%)和新疆(23.21%),而较低的前5位依次为上海(8.40%)、北京(9.39%)、香港特别行政区(10.10%)、澳门特别行政区(10.31%)和浙江(11.70%);如果实现"健康中国2030"目标,2030年早死概率较高的两个省份青海和西藏应分别下降至20.17%和18.12%,而上海和北京则应分别下降至5.88%和6.57%.1990—2015年中国四类慢性病早死概率的年均下降速度为2.00%,下降速度较快的前5个省份依次是北京(3.48%)、上海(3.24%)、浙江(2.81%)、福建(2.75%)和广东(2.67%),且包括这5个省份在内的11个省份按既往下降速度均能实现"健康中国2030"目标,而其他22个省份则无法实现控制目标,需要更大的下降速度才能达标.结论 1990—2015年中国全国及各省份四类慢性病早死概率呈持续下降趋势,与女性相比,男性的早死概率较高且下降速度较慢,各省份的四类慢性病早死概率及其变化速度存在着较大差异,根据1990—2015年的数据,约有2/3的省份与实现"健康中国2030"的目标尚有相当距离. | 曾新颖 李镒冲 刘世炜 王黎君 刘韫宁 刘江美 周脉耕 | 2017 | 中华预防医学杂志2017，51，3： | 181 |
| 3 | 突发公共卫生事件下的群体心理反应与干预显示文摘 | 苏莉 韦波 | 2005 | 中国行为医学科学2005，14，12： | 58 |
| 4 | The State of the Art of Data Science and Engineering in Structural Health Monitoring显示文摘Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a multi-discipline field that involves the automatic sensing of structural loads and response by means of a large number of sensors and instruments, followed by a diagnosis of the structural health based on the collected data. Because an SHM system implemented into a structure automatically senses, evaluates, and warns about structural conditions in real time, massive data are a significant feature of SHM. The techniques related to massive data are referred to as data science and engineering, and include acquisition techniques, transition techniques, management techniques, and processing and mining algorithms for massive data. This paper provides a brief review of the state of the art of data science and engineering in SHM as investigated by these authors, and covers the compressive sampling-based data-acquisition algorithm, the anomaly data diagnosis approach using a deep learning algorithm, crack identification approaches using computer vision techniques, and condition assessment approaches for bridges using machine learning algorithms. Future trends are discussed in the conclusion. | Yuequan Bao Zhicheng Chen Shiyin Wei Yang Xu Zhiyi Tang Hui Li | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，2： | 47 |
| 5 | Prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width for severe acute pancreatitis显示文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a common condition in the intensive care unit(ICU)and has a high mortality.Early evaluation of the severity and prognosis is very important for SAP therapy.Recently,red blood cell distribution(RDW)was associated with mortality of sepsis patients and could be used as a predictor of prognosis.Similarly,RDW may be associated with the prognosis of SAP patients and be used as a prognostic indicator for SAP patients.AIM To investigate the prognostic value of RDW for SAP patients.METHODS We retrospectively enrolled SAP patients admitted to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from June 2015 to June 2017.According to the prognosis at 90 d,SAP patients were divided into a survival group and a non-survival group.RDW was extracted from a routine blood test.Demographic parameters and RDW were recorded and compared between the two groups.The receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was constructed and Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic value of RDW for SAP patients.RESULTS In this retrospective cohort study,42 SAP patients were enrolled,of whom 22 survived(survival group)and 20 died(non-survival group).The baseline parameters were comparable between the two groups.The coefficient of variation of RDW(RDW-CV),standard deviation of RDW(RDW-SD),Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II(APACHE II)score,and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score were significantly higher in the non-survival group than in the survival group(P<0.05).The RDW-CV and RDW-SD were significantly correlated with the APACHE II score and SOFA score,respectively.The areas under the ROC curves(AUCs)of RDW-CV and RDW-SD were all greater than those of the APACHE II score and SOFA score,among which,the AUC of RDW-SD was the greatest.The results demonstrated that RDW had better prognostic value for predicting the mortality of SAP patients.When the RDW-SD was greater than 45.5,the sensitivity for predicting prognosis was 77.8%and the specificity was 70.8%.Both RDW-CV and RDW-SD could be used as independent risk factors to predict the mortality of SAP patients in multivariate logistic regression analysis and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis,similar to the APACHE II and SOFA scores.CONCLUSION The RDW is greater in the non-surviving SAP patients than in the surviving patients.RDW is significantly correlated with the APACHE II and SOFA scores.RDW has better prognostic value for SAP patients than the APACHE II and SOFA scores and could easily be used by clinicians for the treatment of SAP patients. | Fang-Xiao Zhang Zhi-Liang Li Zhi-Dan Zhang Xiao-Chun Ma | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，32： | 50 |
| 6 | 兰州地区4868名大学生神经衰弱调查报告显示文摘神经衰弱是一种常见的神经症。1985年春,在原教育部等单位主持的“中国学生体质、健康调查研究”工作开展的同时,我们对兰州地区大专院校学生中的神经衰弱患病情况作了调查,现报告如下。 | 黎凡 | 1988 | 中国心理卫生杂志1988，2，5： | 35 |
| 7 | 儿童及婴幼儿分泌性中耳炎临床指南(美国)显示文摘 | 马芙蓉 柯嘉 | 2005 | 国外医学(耳鼻咽喉科学分册)2005，29，3： | 39 |
| 8 | Recent advances in fermented feeds towards improved broiler chicken performance, gastrointestinal tract microecology and immune responses: A review显示文摘Previously, fermentation has been associated with methods that improve the nutritional value of unconventional feed ingredients for broilers. In recent decades, the fermentation process has been employed to produce functional feeds that have the potential to improve broiler gastrointestinal tract microecology, health and production performance. Some of the functional ingredients found in fermented feed include lactic acid bacteria(LAB), lactic acid and other organic acids, and appear to play major roles in determining the beneficial effects of fermented feed on broiler gut health and performance. Unlike the pig, the available literature on broiler fermented feed is still rather limited. This review describes recent advances in the use of fermented feed(on the basis of conventional and unconventional feed ingredients) in broilers. Similarly, this review also shows that additional research is necessary to exploit fermented feed as a viable food source in broiler nutrition. | Sugiharto Sugiharto Samir Ranjitkar | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，1： | 37 |
| 9 | 对WHO 2004年版肺肿瘤组织学分类的体会显示文摘 | 滕晓东 | 2005 | 中华病理学杂志2005，34，8： | 31 |
| 10 | 基础职业卫生服务简介显示文摘 | 余晨 李德鸿 齐放 | 2006 | 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志2006，24，3： | 32 |
| 11 | Effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis显示文摘Background: The poultry industry is in need of effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE) due to Clostridium perfringens.Methods: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding Bacil us coagulans on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with C. perfringens-induced NE. Two hundred and forty 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two dietary B. coagulans levels(0 or 4 × 109 CFU/kg of diet) and two disease chal enge statuses(control or NE chal enged).Results: NE-induced reduction in body weight gain was relieved by the addition of B. coagulans into broiler diets compared with the NE-infected birds. NE infection damaged intestinal morphological structure, promoted intestinal C.perfringens growth and liver invasion, and enhanced anti-C. perfringens specific sI gA concentrations in the gut and specific IgG levels in serum compared with the uninfected birds. NE infection significantly(P < 0.05) decreased mucin-2(at 14 d post-infection(DPI), tol-like receptor 2(TLR2, at 7 and 14 DPI), TLR4(at 7 and 14 DPI), tumor necrosis factor super family15(TNFSF15, at 7 and 14 DPI), lysozyme(LYZ, at 14 DPI) and fowlicidin-2(at 7 and 14 DPI) mR NA levels, whereas it dramatical y(P = 0.001) increased IFN-γ mR NA levels at 7 DPI. However, chal enged birds fed diets supplemented with B.coagulans showed a significant(P < 0.01) decrease in gut lesion scores, decreased C. perfringens numbers in the cecum and liver, and an increase in fowlicidin-2 mR NA levels in compared with the uninfected birds. In addition, compared with the non-supplemented group, dietary inclusion of B. coagulans improved intestinal barrier structure, further increased specific sI gA levels and alkaline phosphatase(IAP) activity in the jejunum, enhanced the expression of jejunum lysozyme mR NA, and inhibited the growth, colonization, and invasion of C. perfringens; in contrast, it reduced serum-specific IgG concentrations and jejunum IFN-γ mR NA levels.Conclusion: These results indicated that dietary B. coagulans supplementation appeared to be effective in preventing the occurrence and reducing the severity of C. perfringens-induced NE in broiler chickens. | Yuanyuan Wu Yujing Shao Bochen Song Wenrui Zhen Zhong Wang Yuming Guo Muhammad Suhaib Shahid Wei Nie | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，2： | 31 |
| 12 | Review on hidden trouble detection and health diagnosis of hydraulic concrete structures显示文摘A large number of hydraulic concrete structures have hidden defects such as cracks, erosion, freeze and thaw, thermal fatigue, carbonization. These hidden defects seriously affect the strength, stability and durability of structures. These problems are studied mainly by single monitoring or diagnosis methods at present. The integration of multiple monitoring and diagnosis methods is not applied widely. Besides, the analysis theory on these problems is not developed very well. The systemic study on the aging mechanism of hydraulic concrete structures, time- variation model and health diagnosis is still not enough. The support for engineering practice is limited. Aimed at these major scientific and technological problems and combined with specific projects, study on detection of hidden defects and health diagnosis of hydraulic concrete structure has been carried out. This study includes the following content: field non-destructive examination of hidden defects of hydraulic concrete structures, seepage detection, the construction of in-situ sensing system, the combination of field detection and in-situ monitoring, the mechanism of crack, freeze and thaw, erosion and carbonization of hydraulic concrete structure, mechanism of combination aging; time-variation model of hydraulic concrete structure, theories and methods for health diagnosis of hydraulic concrete structures. | WU ZhongRu1,2?, LI Ji1, GU ChongShi1,2 & SU HuaiZhi1,2 1 College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China 2 National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Nanjing 210098, China | 2007 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2007，50，z1： | 27 |
| 13 | 体质监测是掌握学生体质健康动态的“金钥匙”显示文摘 | 季成叶 | 2005 | 中华预防医学杂志2005，39，6： | 27 |
| 14 | 骨质疏松症的研究进展与展望显示文摘 | 徐建春 毛应德龙 史晓林 吴建民 | 2006 | 浙江临床医学2006，8，1： | 23 |
| 15 | Advances in low-protein diets for swine显示文摘Recent years have witnessed the great advantages of reducing dietary crude protein(CP) with free amino acids(AA)supplementation for sustainable swine industry, including saving protein ingredients, reducing nitrogen excretion, feed costs and the risk of gut disorders without impairing growth performance compared to traditional diets. However, a tendency toward increased fatness is a matter of concern when pigs are fed low-protein(LP) diets. In response, the use of the net energy system and balanced AA for formulation of LP diets has been proposed as a solution. Moreover, the extent to which dietary CP can be reduced is complicated. Meanwhile, the requirements for the first five limiting AA(lysine, threonine, sulfur-containing AA, tryptophan, and valine) that growing-finishing pigs fed LP diets were higher than pigs fed traditional diets, because the need for nitrogen for endogenous synthesis of non-essential AA to support protein synthesis may be increased when dietary CP is lowered. Overall, to address these concerns and give a better understanding of this nutritional strategy, this paper reviews recent advances in the study of LP diets for swine and provides some insights into future research directions. | Yuming Wang Junyan Zhou Gang Wang Shuang Cai Xiangfang Zeng Shiyan Qiao | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，4： | 23 |
| 16 | 西安市养老机构老年人牙齿缺失状况及GOHAI分析显示文摘目的:了解西安市养老机构老年人牙齿缺失及修复状况,进行口腔健康相关生命质量分析。方法:根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方法,对陕西省西安市16家养老机构中老年人牙齿缺失及义齿修复状况进行调查;采用老年口腔健康评价指数(Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index,GOHAI)评价其口腔健康相关生命质量。数据采用SPSS18.0软件进行统计分析。结果:牙列完整者12.50%,牙列缺失者20.29%;失牙均数11.42。210名接受GOH AI量表调查者平均得分49.46,其中生理功能方面15.20,疼痛不适方面12.69,心理社会功能方面21.58;在各条目负面影响的分析中,'咬或咀嚼食物时有困难'最常给老年人带来困扰,达46.20%。牙列完整、牙列缺损、牙列缺失老年人GOH AI得分依次降低。结论:西安市养老机构失牙老年人占较大比例,义齿修复率偏低,口腔健康状况及相关生命质量较差,牙列是否完整是口腔健康相关生命质量的重要影响因素。 | 王旭 徐小乔 吴昊 王丽媛 李娜 黄瑞哲 田剑刚 | 2018 | 中华老年口腔医学杂志2018，16，2： | 20 |
| 17 | Heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta显示文摘Molluscs are able to accumulate heavy metals and impose health hazard to consumers. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta. Fourteen species of edible molluscs were purchased from six markets in Hong Kong and Guangdong Province. The fresh of these biota were tested for their cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) concentrations (based on wet weight). The results indicated that amongst the 14 edible molluscs, only Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Sb and Sn concentrations in three species ( Ruditapes philippinarum, Perna viridis and Hemifusus tuba ) were within the local regulatory limits. Over 60% of bivalve species exceeded maximum permitted levels of Cd (2 μg/g) and Cr (1 μg/g), while over 40% of gastropod species exceeded the maximum levels of Sb (1 μg/g) and Cr (1 μg/g). Most of the samples collected from Hong Kong had significantly higher contents of Pb and Sb, but similar levels of Cd, Cu and Zn when compared with samples collected across the border ( p <0 05; p <0 01; p <0 001 respectively). In general, the molluscs purchased in Guangdong markets had higher metal contents than those purchased from the Hong Kong markets. When compared with the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake or Maximum Acceptable Daily Load recommended by FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Cd levels of five species ( Anadara ferruginea, Pinna pectinata, Chlamys nobilis, Babylonia lutosa and Hemifusus terntanus ) and Cr levels of seven species ( Anadara ferruginea, Paphia undulata, Pinna pectinata, Babylonia lutosa, Hemifusus terntanus, Cymbium melo and Cipangopaludina chinensis ) were higher than both the human daily acceptable limits (for Cd and Cr respectively) and the local regulatory levels (for Cd and Cr respectively). | FANG Zhan-qiang CHEUNG R.Y.H. WONG M.H. | 2001 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2001，13，2： | 20 |
| 18 | Epidemiological, laboratory, diagnostic and public health aspects of human brucellosis in western Iran显示文摘Objective:To determine brucellosis's epidemiologic,laboratory,diagnostic and public health features considering brucellosis is endemic in Azna County,western Iran.Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was investigated on 43 patients with brucellosis in Azna County. The subjects were the patients with symptoms correspondent with brucellosis and positive Wright and 2ME tests. A questionnaire about demographic,epidemiological and laboratory findings was filled in. Afterwards,patients were treated using usual antimicrobial drugs regimen. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.Results:Forty-three subjects were found to be positive in laboratory tests. Incidence of Brucellosis was 59.31 per hundred thousand population. About 34.9% of patients were female and 65.1%male. Nearly 95.2% of human cases were living in rural and 4.8%in urban areas. Around 20.9%of patients had history of animal contact. The commonest transmission was unpasteurized dairy products(79.1%). The most contagious seasons were summer and spring(60.3%). The most common age group was 15-24(27.9%),and about 60.5%of the patients were between 15-44 years old. Disease was more common among housewives(30.2%) and farmers(20.9%). The majority of the patients had Wright test titre=1:320(54.1%) and 2ME test titre=1:160(56.1%) in serological titration.Doxycycline with Rifampin was used for treatment of the greatest of patients(60.4%).Conclusions:In order to control this zoonotic disease,close cooperation of health and veterinary organizations is necessary. | Hamid Kassiri Hamid Amani MassoudLotfi | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2013，3，8： | 19 |
| 19 | 听力损失分级问题的国际讨论显示文摘现已公认听力损失是全世界流行最广的感觉器官残疾,其负面影响居全球疾病负担(global burden of diseases,GBD)排行榜的前列。但到底什么是听功能?什么是听力损失?对听力损失如何分级?却一直有多种说法。现就笔者参与讨论的情况做一介绍。 | 卜行宽 | 2012 | 中国医学文摘(耳鼻咽喉科学)2012，27，6： | 19 |
| 20 | Full-scale measurements of dynamic response of suspension bridge subjected to environmental loads using GPS technology显示文摘Nowadays, there are many larger and taller engineering structures than in the past. These structures are commonly designed to be more flexible. Thus, they are sensitive to severe wind gust and earthquake tremor. For the dynamic response prediction, finite element (FE) modal updating and structural health monitoring, the dynamic characteristics of a structure are becoming increasingly important. The aim of this paper is to show an emerging tool-the real time kinematic (RTK) global positioning system (GPS), which is used to measure and monitor the low-frequency vibration of Dalian BeiDa Bridge, a medium span suspension bridge. The modal analysis is firstly performed on the developed three-dimensional FE model according to the original blue prints of the bridge to provide the analytical frequencies and mode shapes. The field ambient vibration tests using the accelerometers on the bridge deck are conducted just prior to the use of the GPS system in order to validate the FE model. And then, the calibration test is done to assess the dynamic displacement measurement accuracy of the GPS in three orthogonal directions. The GPS signal properties, such as the amplitude, standard deviations (STD), power spectral density (PSD), and probability density functions (PDF), are studied in details. After that, a structural health monitoring system based on the GPS is devised and installed on the bridge to provide real-time measurement of deck movement. The output-only modal parameter identification is carried out by using the Periodogram method to investigate the responses of the bridge. The result shows that the spectral densities of the displacements measured by the GPS correspond well with the results by the FEM analysis and the accelerometer vibration test. It is concluded that the GPS method is reliable and useful to clarify the ambient vibration response behaviors of the flexible structures. The integration of the GPS and accelerometer methods results in a hybrid arrangement that can help to eliminate some disadvantages of the two devices used separately. | YI TingHua1,2, LI HongNan1 & GU Ming2 1State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China 2State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，2： | 18 |
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