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| 1 | Mushroom Poisoning Outbreaks--China,2019显示文摘What is already known about this topic?Mushroom poisoning is becoming one of the most serious food safety issues in China,which is responsible for nearly a half of all oral poisoning deaths.What is added by this report?In China,many mushrooms were previously“recorded”as poisonous.In this study,about 70 species obtained from mushroom poisoning incidents including several new records were confirmed accurately by morphological and molecular evidence in 2019,and spatial and temporal distribution characters of 13 lethal mushrooms were summarized systematically.What are the implications for public health practice?Precise and timely species identification is of pivotal importance in mushroom incidents.More efforts and cooperation are continued to be needed urgently for the governments,CDC staff,doctors and mycologists in future. | Haijiao Li Hongshun Zhang Yizhe Zhang Kaiping Zhang Jing Zhou Yu Yin Shaofeng Jiang Peibin Ma Qian He Yutao Zhang Ke Wen Yuan Yuan Nan Lang Junjia Lu Chengye Sun | 2020 | China CDC weekly2020，2，2： | 11 |
| 2 | RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF RARE EARTHS IN IRON AND STEEL IN RECENT YEARS显示文摘China has the biggest rare earths resource in the world,no wonder she pays much at-tention to the application of rare earth metals (REM).The application of REM in iron andsteel in China began at the end of 1950’s.The production of REM-treated iron and steelhad been made steady progress in the period of 1980’s.The production of REM-treatediron and steel in 1989 was 1.4 million tons and 250,000 tons respectively.The interest oftreating steel with REM in China keeps growing even in these years,It comes from the nat- | 余宗森 | 1990 | Journal of Rare Earths1990，8，2： | 10 |
| 3 | A review of oxygen reduction mechanisms for metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts显示文摘The sluggish kinetics of Oxygen Reduction Reaction(ORR)at the cathode in proton exchange membrane fuel cells or metal-air batteries requires highly effective and stable electrocatalysts to boost the reaction.The low abundance and high price of Pt-based electrocatalysts hamper the widespread application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and metal-air batteries.As promising alternatives,metal-free carbon materials,especially upon doping heteroatoms or creating defects demonstrated excellent ORR activity,which is as efficient as or even superior to commercial platinum on carbon.Significant progress on the development of advanced carbon materials as highly stable and durable catalysts has been achieved,but the catalytic mechanisms of these materials still remain undistinguished.In present review,we summarized the up-to-date progress in the studies of carbon materials,and emphasized on the combination of experiment and theory to clarify the underlying mechanisms of these materials.At last,we proposed the perspectives on the proper strategies of elucidating the mechanisms of carbon materials as electrocatalysts towards ORR. | Ruguang Ma Gaoxin Lin Yao Zhou Qian Liu Tao Zhang Guangcun Shan Minghui Yang Jiacheng Wang | 2019 | npj Computational Materials2019，，1： | 9 |
| 4 | Expert opinions on immunotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer显示文摘1 BACKGROUND With the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)over the past decades,they have become a major area of interest in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)[1,2].There are evidence pointing that programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)blockade,alone or in combination with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(anti-CTLA4)therapy,achieved durable responses in patients with mismatch repair-deficient(dMMR)or microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)metastatic CRC(mCRC)[3–6].However,the optimal diagnostic method for detecting dMMR/MSI-H disease as well as the optimal anti-PD-1-based treatment modality still remains controversial in this patient subset.In addition,for the majority of mCRC cases that are mismatch repair-proficient(pMMR)or microsatellite stable(MSS),the clinical benefits from these agents are generally minimal[3,7],driving extensive research efforts to develop effective combination therapies in this disease subset.Moreover,investigations of anti-PD-1-based treatments have also been initiated in the nonmetastatic settings of CRC,with some encouraging preliminary evidence[8].Medical oncologists and surgeons from the Committee of Colorectal Cancer of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology had a panel discussion on immunotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer during a seminar on June 16,2020,in Guangzhou,China.Herein,the expert opinions have been summarized along with relevant clinical evidence(Table 1)to guide real-world treatment decision-making regarding the use of ICIs in patients with CRC. | Feng Wang Zi-Xian Wang Gong Chen Hui-Yan Luo Dong-Sheng Zhang Miao-Zhen Qiu De-Shen Wang Zhi-Zhong Pan Lin Shen Jin Li Su-Zhan Zhang Rui-Hua Xu | 2020 | Cancer Communications2020，40，10： | 8 |
| 5 | THE AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPNORUS IN ROCK PNOSPNATE显示文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Deposits of rock phosphate and phosphate-bearing rocks have been discovered in great amount in China since liberation; this has led to the rapid development of China’s chemical industry of phosphatic fertilizers in recent years. Consequently, the utilization of powdered rock phosphate has become a mat- | 李庆逵 | 1966 | Chinese Science Bulletin1966，24，2： | 5 |
| 6 | STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SEDIMENT MOTION ON TRANSPORT TRANSFORMATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTANTS显示文摘By combining laboratorial experiments,theoretical analysis and mathematical model,theeffect of sediment motion on transport-transformation of heavy-metal pollutants is studied. (1)Previous studies on adsorption-desorption of heavy-metal pollutants by sedimentparticles are systematically summarized.Based on this summary,subjects that need to be furtherstudied are put forward. In rivers most heavy-metal pollutants concentrate on sediment particles.In order tocontrolling water pollution aused by heavy-metal pollutants following topics should beemphasized:studies on the effect of suspended matter and deposit on transport-transformation | Huang Sui-liangInstitute of Water Concervancy and Hydroelectric Power Research, Beijing 100044, P. R. ChinaSupervisor Prof. Wan Zhao-huiInstitute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Research, Beijing 100044, P. R. China | 1994 | Journal of Hydrodynamics1994，6，3： | 5 |
| 7 | Mechanisms and regulation of organic acid accumulation in plant vacuoles显示文摘In fleshy fruits,organic acids are the main source of fruit acidity and play an important role in regulating osmotic pressure,pH homeostasis,stress resistance,and fruit quality.The transport of organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole and their storage are complex processes.A large number of transporters carry organic acids from the cytosol to the vacuole with the assistance of various proton pumps and enzymes.However,much remains to be explored regarding the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids as well as the substances involved and their association.In this review,recent advances in the vacuolar transport mechanism of organic acids in plants are summarized from the perspectives of transporters,channels,proton pumps,and upstream regulators to better understand the complex regulatory networks involved in fruit acid formation. | Xiao-Yu Huang Chu-Kun Wang Yu-Wen Zhao Cui-Hui Sun Da-Gang Hu | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Therapeutic siRNA:state of the art显示文摘RNA interference(RNAi)is an ancient biological mechanism used to defend against external invasion.It theoretically can silence any disease-related genes in a sequence-specific manner,making small interfering RNA(siRNA)a promising therapeutic modality.After a two-decade journey from its discovery,two approvals of siRNA therapeutics,ONPATTRO®(patisiran)and GIVLAARI™(givosiran),have been achieved by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals.Reviewing the long-term pharmaceutical history of human beings,siRNA therapy currently has set up an extraordinary milestone,as it has already changed and will continue to change the treatment and management of human diseases.It can be administered quarterly,even twice-yearly,to achieve therapeutic effects,which is not the case for small molecules and antibodies.The drug development process was extremely hard,aiming to surmount complex obstacles,such as how to efficiently and safely deliver siRNAs to desired tissues and cells and how to enhance the performance of siRNAs with respect to their activity,stability,specificity and potential off-target effects.In this review,the evolution of siRNA chemical modifications and their biomedical performance are comprehensively reviewed.All clinically explored and commercialized siRNA delivery platforms,including the GalNAc(N-acetylgalactosamine)–siRNA conjugate,and their fundamental design principles are thoroughly discussed.The latest progress in siRNA therapeutic development is also summarized.This review provides a comprehensive view and roadmap for general readers working in the field. | Bo Hu Liping Zhong Yuhua Weng Ling Peng Yuanyu Huang Yongxiang Zhao Xing-Jie Liang | 2020 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2020，5，1： | 4 |
| 9 | Cancer vaccines: prospects and problems显示文摘Cytokines provided locally at tbe tumor site mayinitiate an effective anti-tumor immune responsewhich leads to rejection of a tumor which otherwisegrows progressively. Experimentillly, this can betested by gene transfer into cultured tumor cellsfollowed by the analysis of the tumorigenicity of suchgenetically engincered cells. This approach allows | Thomas Blankenstein | 1997 | 中国实验血液学杂志1997，5，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Puzzle of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses(2019-nCoV)显示文摘2019-nCoV is identified as the cause of an outbreak of viral pneumonia first detected in Wuhan,China and it continues to spread.We summarized the characteristics of genes and receptors,antiviral therapy,and early warning and prediction.We put forward the importance of vaccine development and recommend that relevant research be carried out in specific laboratories. | Jing Li Wenjun Liu | 2020 | Protein & Cell2020，11，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Recent Progress of Biomarker Detection Sensors显示文摘Early cancer diagnosis and treatment are crucial research fields of human health.One method that has proven efficient is biomarker detection which can provide real-time and accurate biological information for early diagnosis.This review presents several biomarker sensors based on electrochemistry,surface plasmon resonance(SPR),nanowires,other nanostructures,and,most recently,metamaterials which have also shown their mechanisms and prospects in application in recent years.Compared with previous reviews,electrochemistry-based biomarker sensors have been classified into three strategies according to their optimizing methods in this review.This makes it more convenient for researchers to find a specific fabrication method to improve the performance of their sensors.Besides that,as microfabrication technologies have improved and novel materials are explored,some novel biomarker sensors—such as nanowire-based and metamaterial-based biomarker sensors—have also been investigated and summarized in this review,which can exhibit ultrahigh resolution,sensitivity,and limit of detection(LoD)in a more complex detection environment.The purpose of this review is to understand the present by reviewing the past.Researchers can break through bottlenecks of existing biomarker sensors by reviewing previous works and finally meet the various complex detection needs for the early diagnosis of human cancer. | Ruitao Liu Xiongying Ye Tianhong Cui | 2020 | Research2020，，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Phytochemicals and biological activities of Ligularia species显示文摘Ligularia,an important genus of the Compositae family,has captured the interest of natural product chemists for years.Phytochemical investigations on the title genus have led to isolation of hundreds of secondary metabolites with various skeletons.Herein,we summarized the chemical constituents of this genus and their biological activities over the past few decades. | Jun-Li YANG Rui WANG Yan-Ping SHI | 2011 | Natural Products and Bioprospecting2011，1，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Engineered exosomes from different sources for cancertargeted therapy显示文摘Exosome is a subgroup of extracellular vesicles,which has been serving as an efficient therapeutic tool for various diseases.Engineered exosomes are the sort of exosomes modified with surface decoration and internal therapeutic molecules.After appropriate modification,engineered exosomes are able to deliver antitumor drugs to tumor sites efficiently and precisely with fewer treatment-related adverse effects.However,there still exist many challenges for the clinical translation of engineered exosomes.For instance,what sources and modification strategies could endow exosomes with the most efficient antitumor activity is still poorly understood.Additionally,how to choose appropriately engineered exosomes in different antitumor therapies is another unresolved problem.In this review,we summarized the characteristics of engineered exosomes,especially the spatial and temporal properties.Additionally,we concluded the recent advances in engineered exosomes in the cancer fields,including the sources,isolation technologies,modification strategies,and labeling and imaging methods of engineered exosomes.Furthermore,the applications of engineered exosomes in different antitumor therapies were summarized,such as photodynamic therapy,gene therapy,and immunotherapy.Consequently,the above provides the cancer researchers in this community with the latest ideas on engineered exosome modification and new direction of new drug development,which is prospective to accelerate the clinical translation of engineered exosomes for cancer-targeted therapy. | Menghui Zhang Shengyun Hu Lin Liu Pengyuan Dang Yang Liu Zhenqiang Sun Bingbing Qiao Chengzeng Wang | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，4： | 2 |
| 14 | Active Vaccine Safety Surveillance: Global Trends and Challenges in China显示文摘Importance.The great success in vaccine-preventable diseases has been accompanied by vaccine safety concerns.This has caused vaccine hesitancy to be the top 10 in threats to global health.The comprehensive understanding of adverse events following immunization should be entirely based on clinical trials and postapproval surveillance.It has increasingly been recognized worldwide that the active surveillance of vaccine safety should be an essential part of immunization programs due to its complementary advantages to passive surveillance and clinical trials.Highlights.In the present study,the framework of vaccine safety surveillance was summarized to illustrate the importance of active surveillance and address vaccine hesitancy or safety concerns.Then,the global progress of active surveillance systems was reviewed,mainly focusing on population-based or hospital-based active surveillance.With these successful paradigms,the practical and reliable ways to create robust and similar systems in China were discussed and presented from the perspective of available databases,methodology challenges,policy supports,and ethical considerations.Conclusion.In the inevitable trend of the global vaccine safety ecosystem,the establishment of an active surveillance system for vaccine safety in China is urgent and feasible.This process can be accelerated with the consensus and cooperation of regulatory departments,research institutions,and data owners. | Zhike Liu Ruogu Meng Yu Yang Keli Li Zundong Yin Jingtian Ren Chuanyong Shen Zijian Feng Siyan Zhan | 2021 | Health Data Science2021，，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Aryl Diazonium Salt-Triggered Cyclization a nd Cycloaddition Reactions: Past, Present, and Future显示文摘Aryl diazonium salts occupy a privileged role in synthetic chemistry owing to their ready availability and versatile reactivity.While their applications in accessing diversely functionalized arene derivatives via denitrogenation-coupling and reduction/addition reactions have been well recognized by practitioners in both academia and industry,recent renaissance in chemical transformations of retaining the key N2-unit has emerged as a powerful technique to construct various A/-heterocycles.This review covers the history and latest advances in cyclization and cycloaddition reactions using aryl diazonium salts as N2-annulation synthons.The scope,applications,and opportunities in exploring new chemical space by this sustainable strategy are summarized and discussed. | Fa-Guang Zhang Zhen Chen Chi Wai Cheung Jun-An Ma | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2020，38，10： | 2 |
| 16 | Recent Advances of Bismuth Oxychloride Photocatalytic Material: Property, Preparation, and Performance Enhancement显示文摘Due to its unique layered structure, bismuth oxychloride(BiOCl) has potential applications as a photocatalytic material in clean energy utilization and environmental purification. In recent years, researchers have carried out a lot of studies and made important progress for the preparation and performance enhancement of BiOCl.In this review, the charge separation property of BiOCl was analyzed based on the crystal structure and electronic structure. Subsequently, the common preparation method of BiOCl was expounded, and the growth mechanism of BiOCl was introduced. Furthermore, the strategies for modulating the photocatalytic performance of BiOCl via doping, vacancy creation, internal electric field tuning, co-catalysts modification, composites construction, and using sensitizers were summarized. Finally, in view of the current research status of the BiOCl photocatalytic material, some problems still need to be addressed including exploring the method of controlled synthesis of BiOCl exposed other high energy surfaces, developing advanced characterization methods to clarify the detailed transfer path of the photogenerated charge, and expanding the photocatalytic application range of BiOCl. | Wen-Wen Liu Ren-Fu Peng | 2020 | Journal of Electronic Science and Technology2020，18，2： | 2 |
| 17 | The RING finger protein family in health and disease显示文摘Ubiquitination is a highly conserved and fundamental posttranslational modification(PTM)in all eukaryotes regulating thousands of proteins.The RING(really interesting new gene)finger(RNF)protein,containing the RING domain,exerts E3 ubiquitin ligase that mediates the covalent attachment of ubiquitin(Ub)to target proteins.Multiple reviews have summarized the critical roles of the tripartite-motif(TRIM)protein family,a subgroup of RNF proteins,in various diseases,including cancer,inflammatory,infectious,and neuropsychiatric disorders.Except for TRIMs,since numerous studies over the past decades have delineated that other RNF proteins also exert widespread involvement in several diseases,their importance should not be underestimated.This review summarizes the potential contribution of dysregulated RNF proteins,except for TRIMs,to the pathogenesis of some diseases,including cancer,autoimmune diseases,and neurodegenerative disorder.Since viral infection is broadly involved in the induction and development of those diseases,this manuscript also highlights the regulatory roles of RNF proteins,excluding TRIMs,in the antiviral immune responses.In addition,we further discuss the potential intervention strategies targeting other RNF proteins for the prevention and therapeutics of those human diseases. | Chunmei Cai Yan-Dong Tang Jingbo Zhai Chunfu Zheng | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，9： | 2 |
| 18 | THE STATE AND THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE DIRECT SEDIMENT REMOVAL METHODS FROM RESERVOIRS显示文摘Reservoir sedimentation is a world-wide problem of public concern. Presently available methods of direct sediment removal from reservoirs can be classified into four, i.e., flushing, dredging, dry-earth excavation and the combination of flushing and dredging. Flushing and dredging are extensively reviewed as the methods of large-scale direct removal for large quantities of sediment. The most economic choice of methods and equipment depends on the sedimentation characteristics of individual reservoir. World experience of flushing operation is reviewed. A systematic approach to dredging operation in reservoir is proposed and the relevant criteria are listed for reference. | Yong Nam YOON ( Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea) | 1992 | International Journal of Sediment Research1992，7，2： | 2 |
| 19 | Targeting signaling pathways in prostate cancer:mechanisms and clinical trials显示文摘Prostate cancer(PCa)affects millions of men globally.Due to advances in understanding genomic landscapes and biological functions,the treatment of PCa continues to improve.Recently,various new classes of agents,which include next-generation androgen receptor(AR)signaling inhibitors(abiraterone,enzalutamide,apalutamide,and darolutamide),bone-targeting agents(radium-223 chloride,zoledronic acid),and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors(olaparib,rucaparib,and talazoparib)have been developed to treat PCa.Agents targeting other signaling pathways,including cyclin-dependent kinase(CDK)4/6,Ak strain transforming(AKT),wingless-type protein(WNT),and epigenetic marks,have successively entered clinical trials.Furthermore,prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)targeting agents such as 177Lu-PSMA-617 are promising theranostics that could improve both diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy.Advanced clinical studies with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have shown limited benefits in PCa,whereas subgroups of PCa with mismatch repair(MMR)or CDK12 inactivation may benefit from ICIs treatment.In this review,we summarized the targeted agents of PCa in clinical trials and their underlying mechanisms,and further discussed their limitations and future directions. | Yundong He Weidong Xu Yu-Tian Xiao Haojie Huang Di Gu Shancheng Ren | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，7： | 2 |
| 20 | RECENT ADVANCES IN STUDIES ON TRADITIONAL CHINESE ANTI-AGING MATERIA MEDICA显示文摘Presented in this paper is a report of our studies on 386 traditional effective anti-agingmedications,the effects of which on cell generation,survival time,immunomodulation,im-provement of visceral and metabolic functions,and anti-infection,and their trace elementcontents were further summarized and analysed.This suggests that the investigations of tra-ditional anti-aging materia medica in China are now well under way and some effectivedrugs and compound prescriptions have been explored,such as Ginseng,Radix Astragali seuHedysari,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Herba Epimedii,Cordyceps,Ganoderma Lucidum seuJaponicum,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi,RhizomaPolygonati,Fructus Lycii,and Poria.However,all of these preliminary results remain to befurther investigated. | 陈可冀 李春生 | 1993 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine1993，13，3： | 2 |
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