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| 1 | Time range of Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in eastern North China Block显示文摘An important tectonic inversion took place in eastern North China Block(NCB) during Mesozoic, which caused a great lithosphere thinning, reconstruction of basin-range series, powerful interaction between mantle and crust, a vast granitic intrusion and volcanism, and large-scale metallogenic explosion. The time range of the Mesozoic tectonic regime inversion in the eastern North China Block is one of the key issues to understand mechanism of tectonic regime inversion. Our updated results for recognizing the time range are mainly obtained from the following aspects: structural analyses along northern and southern margins of the NCB and within the NCB for revealing tectonic inversion from compression to extension and structural striking from ~EW to NNE; geothermic analyses of the eastern sedimental basins for a great change of thermal history and regime; basin analysis for basin inversion from compression to extension and basin migration from ~EW to NNE; petrological and geochemical studies of volcanic rocks and lowermost crust xenoliths for recognizing peak period of mantle upwelling and intense interaction between mantle and crust, and main metallogenic epoch. All the studies of the above give the same time range from~150-140 Ma to ~110-100Ma, peaking at ~120 Ma. | ZHAI Mingguo ZHU Rixiang LIU Jianming MENG Qingren HOU Quanlin HU Shengbiao LIU Wei LI Zhong ZHANG Hongfu ZHANG Huafeng | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，2： | 89 |
| 2 | Active tectonic blocks and strong earthquakes in the continent of China显示文摘The primary pattern of the late Cenozoic to the present tectonic deformation of China is characterized by relative movements and interactions of tectonic blocks. Active tectonic blocks are geological units that have been separated from each other by active tectonic zones. Boundaries between blocks are the highest gradient of differential movement. Most of tectonic activity occurs on boundaries of the blocks. Earthquakes are results of abrupt releases of accumulated strain energy that reaches the threshold of strength of the earth's crust. Boundaries of tectonic blocks are the locations of most discontinuous deformation and highest gradient of stress accumulation, thus are the most likely places for strain energy accumulation and releases, and in turn, devastating earthquakes. Almost all earthquakes of magnitude greater than 8 and 80%-90% of earthquakes of magnitude over 7 occur along boundaries of active tectonic blocks. This fact indicates that differential movements and interactions of active tectonic blocks are the primary mechanism for the occurrences of devastating earthquakes. | ZHANG Peizhen (张培震) DENG Qidong (邓起东) ZHANG Guomin (张国民) MA Jin (马 瑾) GAN Weijun (甘卫军) MIN Wei (闵 伟) MAO Fengying (毛凤英) WANG Qi (王 琪) | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，z2： | 239 |
| 3 | Pattern of latest tectonic motion and its dynamics for active blocks in Sichuan-Yunnan region, China显示文摘Based on the concept of 'active blocks' and spatial distribution of historical earthquakes with surface ruptures as well as major and subordinate active faults. The Sichuan-Yunnan region can be divided into four first-order blocks. They are the Markam block (I), the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block (II), Baoshan-Pu'er block (III), and Mizhina-Ximeng block (IV). Cut by sub-ordinate NE-trending active faults, the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block (II) can be further divided into two sub-blocks: the northwestern Sichuan sub-block (II1) and the middle Yunnan sub-block (II2), while the Baoshan- Pu'er block (III) can be further divided into three sub-blocks: Baoshan sub-block (III1), Jinggu sub-block (III2), and Mengla sub-block (III3). A quantitative study of offset landforms is carried out and the basic types of active faults and their long-term slip rates along the major boundaries of active blocks of different orders in the Sichuan-Yunnan region are determined, through slip vector analysis, the motion states of the active blocks are clarified and the deformation coordination on the block margins is discussed. It is suggested that the tectonic motion of the blocks in this region is a complex or superimposition of three basic types of motions: southeastward sliding, rotating on vertical axis, and uplifting. The Markam block (I), the northwestern Sichuan sub-block (II1), and middle Yunnan sub-block (II2) have a southeastward horizontal sliding rate of 1-5 mm/a, clockwise rotating angular rate of 1.4-4(/Ma, and uplifting rate of about 1 mm/a. The Baoshan-Pu'er (III) and Mizhina-Ximeng (IV) blocks have also been extensively clockwise rotated. This pattern of motion is a strain response to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates and the localized deformation and differential slip on the block margins associated with the northward motion of the Indian Plate. Because a set of transverse thrusts between the blocks absorbs and transforms some components of eastward or southeastward sliding motion, the eastward escape or extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau is limited as 'imbricated thrusting transformation-limited extrusion model'. | XU Xiwei (徐锡伟) WEN Xueze (闻学泽) ZHENG Rongzhang (郑荣章) MA Wentao (马文涛) SONG Fangming (宋方敏) YU Guihua (于贵华) | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，z2： | 127 |
| 4 | The characteristics, origins, and geodynamic settings of supergiant gold metallogenic provinces显示文摘There are six distinct classes of gold deposits, each represented by metallogenic provinces, having 100’s to > 1 000 tonne gold production. The deposit classes are: (1) erogenic gold; (2) Carlin and Carlin-like gold deposits; (3) epithermal gold-silver deposits; (4) copper-gold porphyry deposits; (5) iron-oxide copper-gold deposits; and (6) gold-rich volcanic hosted massive sul-fide (VMS) to sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits. This classification is based on ore and alteration mineral assemblages; ore and alteration metal budgets; ore fluid pressure(s) and compositions; crustal depth or depth ranges of formation; relationship to structures and/or magmatic intrusions at a variety of scales; and relationship to the P-T-t evolution of the host terrane. These classes reflect distinct geodynamic settings. Orogenic gold deposits are generated at mid-crustal (4-16 km) levels proximal to terrane boundaries, in transpressional subduction-accretion complexes of Cordilleran style erogenic belts; other | Robert Kerrich Richard Goldfarb David Groves Steven Garwin | 2000 | Science China Earth Sciences2000，43，S1： | 249 |
| 5 | Mianlüe tectonic zone and Mianlüe suture zone on southern margin of Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt显示文摘The Mianle tectonic zone (Mianle zone), an ancient suture zone in addition to the Shangdan suture in the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt, marks an important tectonic division geo-logically separating north from south and connecting east with west in China continent. To de-termine present structural geometry and kinematics in the Mianle tectonic zone and to recon-struct the formation and evolution history involving plate subduction and collision in the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt, through a multidisciplinary study, are significant for exploring the mountain-building orogenesis of the central orogenic system and the entire process of the major Chinese continental amalgamation during the Indosinian. | ZHANG Guowei1, DONG Yunpeng1, LAI Shaocong1, GUO Anlin1, MENG Qingren2, LIU Shaofeng3, CHENG Shunyou1, YAO Anping1, ZHANG Zongqing4, PEI Xianzhi5 & LI Sanzhong6 1. Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xian 710069, China 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 3. Earth Science and Resource Faculty, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 4. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China 5. Changan University, Xian 710054, China 6. Qingdao University of Oceanography, Qingdao 266003, China | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，4： | 57 |
| 6 | Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago显示文摘A typical sequence of fluvial terraces and aeolian deposits overlying these terraces were multidisciplinary investigated. New evidences for uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 14 million years were obtained. At least 11 river terraces along Huangshui, the first-class tributary of Yellow River, at the Xining-Huzhu region are identified. While the first one (T1) is classified as an accumulation terrace, the others are all basement river terraces, which consist of the Tertiary sandstone and siltstone bedrock, fluvial gravel and pebbles and the overlying aeolian loess-Red Clay deposit. Samples from the aeolian deposits were examined for paleomagnetic stratigraphic reconstruction (1030 samples), luminescence dating (16 samples), magnetic susceptibility and grain-size distribution (more than 4000 samples). The luminescence dating and stratigraphic correlation suggest that terraces of T11, T10,T8, T7, T3, T2, T1 were formed at 14, 11.3, 1.55, 1.2, 0.15, 0.07 and 0.01 million years ago, respectively. Sedimentological analysis and geomorphological observation indicate that formation and evolution of these terraces were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Therefore, the terrace sequence provides an ideal geological record of the uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet during the past 14 million years, and the timings of the terraces formation are regarded as the timings of tectonic uplift. The significant uplifting events took place at 14, 11.3, 1.2 and 0.15 million years ago, respectively. The fluvial incision at the Xining-Huzhu region is less than 100 m during a period of ~12 million years in the Miocene era (between the T11 and T9), while the Huangshui River had incised 432 m during the past 1.2 million years (from T7 to the present floodplain). The river incision process clearly demonstrates that accelerated rising of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the late Cenozoic, and provides new evidence of previous thoughts. There was a significant readjustment of the fluvial catchment during 1.55-1.2 million years ago: before this time, the paleoriver flowed to southwest. After this time the Huangshui River flows to southeast. A tectonic movement dominates reorganization of this fluvial system. | LU Huayu1, WANG Xiaoyong1, AN Zhisheng1, MIAO Xiaodong1, ZHU Rixiang3, MA Haizhou2, LI Zhen4, TAN Hongbing2 & WANG Xianyan1 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075 China 2. Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xining 810008, China 3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 4. Department of Geography, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，9： | 51 |
| 7 | Numerical modeling of the formation of Indo-Sinian peraluminous granitoids in Hunan Province:Basaltic underplating versus tectonic thickening显示文摘The genesis of Indo-Sinian granitic plutons with peraluminous and potassium-rich affini-ties from Hunan Province, China has been investigated by numerical modeling using the numericalcode FLAC. On the basis of the regional geological evolution in South China, we employed a real-istic numerical model in an attempt to unravel the influences of basaltic underplating and tectoniccrustal thickening on the crustal anatexis. Heat production derived from basaltic underplating (e.g.ca. 220 Ma gabbro xenoliths) can result in dehydration melting of fluid-bearing minerals in crustalrocks such as gneisses and metapelites, but its effect is limited in a relatively short time span (5-15 Ma) and on a small scale, Accordingly, it is very difficult for basaltic underplating to generate thelarge-scale Indo-Sinian granitic bathliths unless voluminous mafic magmas had been underplatedat the lower/middle crust during this period. Alternatively, crustal thickening induced by tectoniccompression can also lead to geothermal elevation, during which the temperature at the boundarybetween lower and middle crusts can be up to or greater than 700℃, triggering dehydration melt-ing of muscovite in gneiss and metapelite. The proportion of melts from muscovite-induced dehy-dration melting is close to critical melt percentage (≥20%) once the thickening factor reaches 1.3.These melts can be effectively transferred to the crust-level magma chamber and form large-scalegranitic batholiths. In combination with the Indo-Sinian convergent tectonic setting in South Chinaas well as sparse outcrops of contemporary mafic igneous rocks, we consider that tectonic crustalthickening is likely to be the predominant factor controlling the formation of the Indo-Sinian per-aluminous and potassium-rich granitoids in Hunan Province. | 王岳军 Y.Zhang 范蔚茗 席先武 郭锋 林舸 | 2002 | Science China Earth Sciences2002，45，11： | 55 |
| 8 | 黑龙江杂岩的碎屑锆石年代及其大地构造意义显示文摘黑龙江杂岩带位于佳木斯地体西缘,为佳木斯地体向西与松嫩地体之间俯冲、拼贴、碰撞而形成的高压变质带。黑龙江杂岩沿牡丹江断裂分布,其构造-岩石组合、变质变形特征等显示其为佳木斯地体向松嫩地体俯冲拼帖的过程中形成的增生杂岩,目前保存下来的杂岩带应为大规模增生楔仰冲到佳木斯地体之上的残余部分。88颗碎屑锆石的全部样品SHRIMPU-Pb年代学测试结果显示三个主要年龄区间:170~220Ma,峰值年龄为183Ma;240~338Ma,峰值年龄为256Ma;450~520Ma,峰值年龄为470Ma。而28个碎屑锆石谐和年龄的年龄谱为两组:240~338Ma,峰值年龄为256Ma;450~500Ma,峰值年龄为470Ma。碎屑锆石年龄数据分析得到,240~338Ma峰期年龄为256Ma的年龄应代表黑龙江杂岩主体岩石的沉积年龄上限;而450~500Ma的年龄谱对应于佳木斯地体的基底变质岩年龄,显示佳木斯地体的基底变质岩曾为黑龙江杂岩的物源区;而170~210Ma,峰期年龄为183Ma的不谐和年龄应为受印支期-早侏罗世构造热事件的扰动年龄,与该区变质单矿物的Ar-Ar年龄相一致,应代表了该区陆-陆碰撞的时代。上述年龄为黑龙江杂岩的形成与演化提供了重要的地质年代学制约,即黑龙江杂岩的原岩成岩时代上限为早三叠世,佳木斯地体向西的俯冲时代主体为印支期,而陆-陆拼贴及碰撞过程主要为晚印支期并可能持续到早侏罗世。这些结果将为揭示我国东北地区构造演化的年代学格架以及三叠纪古亚洲构造域向环太平洋构造域叠加和转换的动力学背景研究提供新的基本地质事实依据。 | 周建波 张兴洲 Simon A WILDE 郑常青 金魏 陈红 韩杰 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，8： | 55 |
| 9 | Tectonic thermal history and its significance on the formation of oil and gas accumulation and mineral deposit in Ordos Basin显示文摘The analyzing data on stratigraphic temperature measurement , thermal conductivity of the strata and radioactive heat production rate show that the present average geothermal gradient in the Ordos Basin is 2.93℃/100 m, and the average heat flow value is 61.78 mW/m2, which belongs to the mesothermal basin, and the value of the present geothermal gradient and heat flow in the east is higher than that in the west. The sandstone radioactive heat production rate of Zhiluo Group in Dongsheng Uranium deposits of Yimeng uplift is obviously higher in the mudstone, indicating that there exists a uranium anomaly. Based on studies of the present thermal field of the basin, the late-Mesozoic paleotemperature and paleogeothermal gradient are determined by using different kinds of paleotemperature methods. According to the anomaly of the late-Mesozoic paleotemperature gradient and magmatic event age, there was a tectonic thermal event in the early Cretaceous epoch of late-Mesozoic. This article rebuilds tectonic thermal history of different tectonic units by thermal history simulation using basin simulating software. The evolution of oil-gas and coal, and accumulation (mineralization) of mineral uranium are all controlled by the tectonic thermal history in the Ordos basin, especially by the tectonic thermal event that happened in the late Mesozoic. For both the gas source rocks of upper Paleozoic group and lower paleozoic group, the gas was largely generated in the early Cretaceous epoch of the late Mesozoic. The main petroleum generation period for Yanchang Group in Triassic system is the early Cretaceous epoch too, and the highest thermal maturity of the coal of Permo-Carboniferous, Triassic, and Jurassic reaches is the early Cretaceous epoch also. Early Cretaceous epoch is still one of the most important mineralizing periods of uranium. | REN ZhanLi ZHANG Sheng GAO ShengLi CUI JunPing XIAO YuanYuan XIAO Hui | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，z2： | 44 |
| 10 | 锡林浩特杂岩和蓝片岩的锆石U-Pb年代学及其对索仑缝合带演化的意义显示文摘报道了内蒙索仑缝合带附近的锡林浩特杂岩和苏左旗混杂带中蓝片岩块的锆石U-Pb年代学数据。锡林浩特杂岩中碎屑锆石来源复杂,从晚太古至晚古生代均有。最年轻的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄为280~340Ma,与该区最年轻的弧岩浆岩年龄一致,表明该杂岩的原岩最终形成于晚古生代,而不是前寒武陆块残留。锡林浩特杂岩原岩的沉积源区主要是古生代的弧岩浆岩和部分裸露的前寒武陆壳,可能是弧前沉积建造。蓝片岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为318±5Ma(范围338~280Ma),这些锆石显示典型岩浆振荡环带结构,因此该年龄可能代表其原岩形成年龄,而其变质应该在280Ma之后。所以,锡林浩特杂岩和混杂带中蓝片岩块的变质变形作用可能发生在晚二叠,与索仑缝合带强烈的孤陆碰撞有关,暗示索仑缝合带的碰撞缝合时间在晚二叠,而不是许多人坚持的泥盆纪。 | 陈斌 马星华 刘安坤 木合塔尔·扎日 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，12： | 47 |
| 11 | 奥陶纪-志留纪边界附近火山活动记录:来华南周缘钾质斑脱岩的信息显示文摘扬子地台内奥陶纪顶部的五峰组到志留纪底部的龙马溪组间存在着多个粘土岩层。前人研究结果认为这些粘土岩层为钾质斑脱岩,是火山喷发的凝灰质物质在海相环境沉积、蚀变的产物。这些斑脱岩广泛分布于扬子地台周缘,对理解奥陶纪-志留纪时华南所处的大地构造位置和相应的构造事件具有重要的意义。本文对采自扬子地台内湖北宜昌地区和贵州桐梓地区奥陶纪-志留纪界线剖面的斑脱岩层进行了矿物学及地球化学工作,旨在判定其形成的构造环境。矿物学研究表明上述岩石除了含有粘土矿物外,还含有石英、长石、黑云母、磷灰石、锆石等中酸性岩浆岩中的常见矿物,属典型的钾质斑脱岩。本文利用在风化过程中不活动元素对斑脱岩的原岩进行了恢复,结果也表明其原岩为中酸性火山岩,包括安山岩-英安岩-及流绞岩等。微量元素特征显示多数样品具有典型的岛弧火山岩的特征,很可能与北面早古生代秦岭洋的闭合过程中的板块俯冲有关,也可能是早古生代在华南板块东南缘外侧存在的一古老洋壳向华南板块的俯冲。有一个样品(YC0711)没有Nb的负异常,但是具有明显的Ti负异常,在Th/Yb-Nb/Yb判别图上落在岛弧区附近,其原岩可能是富铌玄武岩之类的特殊岛弧岩石。火山活动的峰期为晚奥陶世赫南特阶时代,与地质历史上第二大的生物大灭绝事件同时。前人认为该生物灭绝事件与冈瓦纳冰川有关。考虑到华南以及欧洲、北美等地均出现大规模晚奥陶世-早侏罗纪钾质斑脱岩,奥陶纪-志留纪边界的火山事件是具有全球规模的,所喷发的岩石多是富含挥发份的中酸性岩,对大气圈和生物圈具有十分重要的影响,本文认为火山活动很可能是造成晚奥陶世的生物大灭绝事件和冈瓦纳冰川的主要诱导因素。 | 胡艳华 孙卫东 丁兴 汪方跃 凌明星 刘健 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，12： | 42 |
| 12 | Tectonic evolution of the Western Kunlun orogenic belt in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:Evidence from zircon SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology显示文摘The Western Kunlun Range in northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is composed of the North Kunlun Terrane,the South Kunlun Terrane and the Karakorum-Tianshuihai Terrane. Here we report zircon SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of some metamorphic and igneous rocks and field observations in order to pro-vide a better understanding of their Precambrian and Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic tectonic evolution. Based on these data we draw the following conclusions: (1) The paragneisses in the North Kunlun Terrane are likely of late Mesoproterozoic age rather than Palaeoproterozoic age as previously thought,representing tectonothermal episodes at 1.0―0.9 Ga and ~0.8 Ga. (2) The North Kunlun Terrane was an orogenic belt accreted to the southern margin of Tarim during late Mesoproterozoic to early Neopro-terozoic,the two episodes of metamorphisms correspond to the assemblage and breakup of Rodinia respectively. (3) The Bulunkuole Group in western South Kunlun Terrane,which was considered to be the Palaeoproterozoic basement of the South Kunlun Terrane by previous studies,is now subdivided into the late Neoproterzoic to early Palaeozoic paragneisses (khondalite) and the early Mesozoic metamorphic volcano-sedimentary series; the paragneisses were thrust onto the metamorphic vol-cano-sedimentary series from south to north,with two main teconothermal episodes (i.e.,Caledonian,460―400 Ma,and Hercynian-Indosinian,340―200 Ma),and have been documented by zircon U-Pb ages. (4) In the eastern part of the South Kunlun Terrane,a gneissic granodiorite pluton,which intruded the khondalite,was crystallized at ca. 505 Ma and metamorphosed at ca. 240 Ma. In combination with geochronology data of the paragneiss,we suggest that the South Kunlun Terrane was a Caledonian accretionary orogenic belt and overprinted by late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic arc magmatism. | ZHANG ChuanLin LU SongNian YU HaiFeng YE HaiMin | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，6： | 45 |
| 13 | The ages of U-Pb and Sm-Nd for eclogite from the western segment of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt——Evidence for existence of Caledonian orogenic root显示文摘The eclogites of Altyn Tagh tectonic belt occur as lens within gneisses characterized by amphibolite-facies mineral parageneses. The well-preserved eclogite is selected for Sm-Nd and U-Pb isotopic dating. The Sm-Nd isotopic data yield a whole rock-garnet-omphacite isochron of (500 ?10) Ma. The U-Pb isotopic measurements of zircons show that the four | Jianxin Zhang Zeming Zhang Zhiqin Xu Jingsui Yang Junwen Cui | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，24： | 46 |
| 14 | The deformation pattern and fault rate in the Tianshan Mountains inferred from GPS observations显示文摘Based on GPS measurements conducted from 1992 to 2006, we present the current crustal movement velocity field for approximately 400 sites in the Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent areas, and estimate slip rates on the major faults using a 2-D elastic dislocation model. Our studies show slip rates within the range of 1―4 mm/a on the NW-SE trending strike-slip faults (such as Talas-Fergana fault) in the Tianshan Mountains. We also found the slip rates on the approximately WE-SN trending gently-dipping detachment fault vary from 10―13 mm/a for the southwest Tianshan Mountains to 2―5 mm/a for the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and to 6―12 mm/a for the Kyrgrz Tianshan. The GPS velocity field reveals that the total convergence is not uniformly distributed across the Tianshan Mountains, with 80%―90% of the N-S shortening absorbed along the southern and northern edges, and relatively little deformation accommodated within the interior. This first-order feature of strain pattern is explained best by underthrusting of adjacent blocks beneath the Tianshan Mountains along a basal detachment fault. We found the occurrence of historical M7―8 earthquakes somewhere in the locked ramp that connects the creeping and locking segments of the detachment, thereby resulting in elastic strain concentration and accumulation around it. The elastic strain confined in the upper crustal layer above the detachment ultimately releases through infrequent great earthquakes in the Tianshan Mountains, resulting in considerable folding and faulting at their margins. The Tianshan Mountains propagated outward and rose progressively as a wedge-shaped block. | YANG ShaoMin1,2, LI Jie1,3 & WANG Qi2,1 1 Research Center of Space Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2 Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Wuhan 430071, China 3 Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 43 |
| 15 | Petrogenesis and dating of the Kangding complex,Sichuan Province显示文摘An analysis of major and trace element geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of mafic, intermediate, and felsic rocks from the Mianning metamorphic complex of Si- chuan Province was conducted. One of our conclusions is that a majority of the zircons crystal- lized between 721 and 773 Ma in a magmatic regime. The complexes contain early to late Pa- leo-proterozoic relict zircons from ancient continental crust. The oldest age, 2468 Ma, may rep- resent the basement of the Yangtze block. Overgrowth zircon rims and palingenetic zircons have been observed and dated, and are believed to have formed after crystallization, during Paleozoic and Mesozoic metamorphic-anatexis. We also conclude that depletion of Nb, Ta, HREE, in a spider-diagram normalized to primitive mantle and calc-alkaline association, implies that they formed in island-arc or under-plating settings. | CHEN Yuelong 1 , LUO Zhaohua 1 , ZHAO Junxiang, LI Zhihong, ZHANG Hongfei & SONG Biao 3 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Natural Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 2. Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 3. Beijing SHRIMP Center, Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，5： | 40 |
| 16 | Tectonic implications of Late Paleozoic stratigraphic distribution in Northeast China and adjacent region显示文摘An analysis of the distribution of the Late Paleozoic strata on Northeast China and adjacent region reveals a zonal pattern of the distribution around the core of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block.The main part of Late Paleozoic marine strata in this area is considered the continental margin deposits of the Jia-musi-Mongolia Block by analyzing the stratigraphic contact relationship,lithofacies,etc.The results are exhibited in a series of tectonic paleogeographic maps.This presents an important proof for the foundation of the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block,and confines the forming time of Jiamusi-Mongolia Block to the Late Silurian. | ChengWen Wang YueWu Sun Ning Li GuoWei Zhao XiaoQin Ma | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，5： | 36 |
| 17 | 西昆仑-塔西南坳陷晚古生代以来的沉积构造演化显示文摘自柯克亚深层油气勘探取得突破以来,塔西南坳陷一直受到各类地质学家的广泛关注,有关该盆地的形成和演化历史及其油气资源评价近年来更是成为人们的研究热点。本文在总结前人资料的基础上,探讨塔西南和西昆仑地区自晚古生代以来所经历的构造及沉积格架的演变过程,对塔西南坳陷性质及其演化阶段划分所存在的争议进行了归纳,分析了塔西南-西昆仑这一盆山体系形成和演化中的构造变形和沉积记录。总体来说,根据现有沉积和构造变形资料,中生代之前西昆仑和塔西南坳陷分别处于同一构造背景下的不同沉积单元;二者之间盆山体系的形成主要自晚侏罗世-早白垩世,中-上新世是造盆造山作用机制发生重大转折的时期,或者说早更新世末的构造运动基本上奠定了西昆仑-塔里木盆地南缘现今的盆-山构造格架。 | 方爱民 马建英 王世刚 赵越 胡健民 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，12： | 40 |
| 18 | Influence of tectonic stress on coalification:Stress degradation mechanism and stress polycondensation mechanism显示文摘The function of pressure for coalification is a long-term controversial issue, and the main cause is that the strata pressure and the tectonic stress were confused, which are two different actions of 'pres-sure' . The former benefits the physical coalification but retards the chemical coalification, whereas the latter may not only affect the physical structure of coal but also promote its chemical composition changes. In accordance with the organic molecule evolution of coal, there are two kinds of basic mechanisms of the influence of the tectonic stress on the chemical coalification: the tectonic stress degradation and the tectonic stress polycondensation. The stress degradation mechanism is a process of that, when the tectonic stress acted on the large molecule of coal in the form of mechanical force or kinetic energy, some chemical bonds of low decomposed energy, such as aliphatic side-chain and oxygenic functional groups, were broken up and then were degraded into free radicals of less mo-lecular weight, and finally escaped from coal in the form of liquid organic matter (hydrocarbon). The stress polycondensation is considered that, under the control of the anisotropic tectonic stress, the condensed aromatic nucleus trend to be parallel arranged and to be enhanced through rotating or displacing of aromatic rings, the basic structural unit of coal (BSU) increases by directional develop-ment and preferential stack. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR), and rock pyrolysis analysis (Rock-eval) were employed to study the deformed coal series and the non-deformed coal series. The results showed that, compared with the non-deformed coal, the de-formed coal exhibits particular characteristics: weaker aliphatic absorbance peak and stronger aro-matic absorbance peak, lower pyrolysed hydrocarbon yield, and more increscent BSU. The concepts of stress degradation mechanism and stress polycondensation mechanism presented here would not deny the dominant function of the temperature in coalification, but emphasize the 'catalysis' of the tectonic stress in coalification. | CAO DaiYong LI XiaoMing ZHANG ShouRen | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 36 |
| 19 | Contemporary crustal deformation of the Chinese continent and tectonic block model显示文摘We obtain the preliminary result of crustal deformation velocity field for the Chinese con-tinent by analyzing GPS data from the Crustal Motion Observation Network of China (CMONOC), particularly the data from the regional networks of CMONOC observed in 1999 and 2001. We de-lineate 9 tectonically active blocks and 2 broadly distributed deformation zones out of a denseGPS velocity field, and derive block motion Euler poles for the blocks and their relative motionrates. Our result reveals that there are 3 categories of deformation patterns in the Chinese conti-nent. The first category, associated with the interior of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan oro-genic belt, shows broadly distributed deformation within the regions. The third category, associatedwith the Tarim Basin and the region east of the north-south seismic belt of China, shows block-likemotion, with deformation accommodated along the block boundaries only. The second category, mainly associated with the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau, such as the Qaidam, Qilian, Xining(in eastern Qinghai), and the Diamond-shaped (in western Sichuan and Yunnan) blocks, has thedeformation pattern between the first and the third, i.e. these regions appear to deform block-like,but with smaller sizes and less strength for the blocks. Based on the analysis of the lithosphericstructures and the deformation patterns of the regions above, we come to the inference that thedeformation modes of the Chinese continental crust are mainly controlled by the crustal structure.The crust of the eastern China and the Tarim Basin is mechanically strong, and its deformationtakes the form of relative motion between rigid blocks. On the other hand, the northward indentation of the Indian plate into the Asia continent has created the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan Mountains, thickened their crust, and raised the temperature in the crust. The lower crust thus has become ductile, evidenced in low seismic velocity and high electric conductivity observed. The brittle part of the crust, driven by the visco-plastic flow of the lower crust, deforms extensively at all scales. The regions of the second category located at the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau are at the transition zone between the regions of the first and the third categories in terms of the crustal structure. Driven by the lateral boundary forces, their deformation style is also between the two, in the form of block motion and deformation with smaller blocks and less internal strength. | WANG Min (王 敏) SHEN Zhengkang (沈正康) NIU Zhijun (牛之俊) ZHANG Zusheng (张祖胜) SUN Hanrong (孙汉荣) GAN Weijun (甘卫军) WANG Qi (王 琪) REN Qun (任 群) | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，z2： | 33 |
| 20 | Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of granitoids from western Qinling belt: Constraints on basement nature and tectonic affinity显示文摘Geochemical and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of five Indosinian granitoid intrusions from the western Qinling belt provide insights into basement nature and tectonic affinity. The results show that the western Qinling granitoids incline towards basic in their bulk chemical composition. The granitoids belong to high-K to shoshonitic series with K2O/Na2O=1.04-1.86 and are dominantly metaluminous with A/CNK=0.90-1.05 (most samples have A/CNK of <1.0). They have similar trace elemental compo- sitional patterns. In Sr-Nd isotopic compositions, they display some extent heterogeneity with Isr=0.70682-0.70845, εNd(t)=?4.85 to ?9.17 and TDM=1.26-1.66 Ga. They are characterized by high ra- diogenic Pb isotopic compositions. Their initial Pb isotopic ratios are 206Pb/204Pb=17.996-18.468, 207Pb/204Pb=15.565-15.677 and 208Pb/204Pb=38.082-38.587. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic composi- tions reveal that magma for the granitoids was derived from partial melting of high-K (Rb) basaltic rocks, which might be formed in 900-1400 Ma. It is suggested that a large amount of the Proterozoic high-K (Rb) basaltic rocks, which underlie the Phanerozoic sedimentary cover, constitute the crustal basement of the western Qinling belt. Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositional comparison between the east- ern Qinling and the western Qinling Indosinian granitoids indicates that the crustal basement of the western Qinling is distinct from that of the eastern Qinling. The Baoji-Chengdu railway close to south-north orientation can be taken as an approximate boundary between both basements. The Pb-Nd isotopic compositional characteristics of the western Qinling granitoids suggest that the basement of the western Qinling belt has an affinity with the Yangtze block. | Nigel HARRIS | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，2： | 33 |
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