Genome survey uncovers the secrets of sex and lifestyle in caterpillar fungus

查看全文 作　　者：HU [1]Xiao;ZHANG [2]YongJie;XIAO [1]GuoHua;ZHENG [1]Peng;XIA [1]YongLiang;ZHANG [3]XingYu;ST LEGER Raymond [4]J;LIU [3]XingZhong;WANG [1]ChengShu

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences;[2]School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University;[3]State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;[4]Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》索引2013年第58卷第23期,共9页

基　　金：supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB118904);National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2007BAI32B00);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31225023) 摘　　要：The caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (best known as Cordyceps sinensis) mummifies ghost moth larvae exclusively in Tibetan Plateau alpine ecosystems. Touted as 'Himalayan Viagra', the fungus is highly prized due to its medical benefits and dwindling supplies. Attempts to culture the sexual fruiting-body have failed and the huge market demand has led to severe devastation of local ecosystems and to the fungus heading towards extinction. By genome sequencing, we establish that unlike related insect pathogens O. sinensis contains two compatible mating-type genes in its genome and is self-fertile, i.e. homothallic. However, sexual processes are only initiated under native environmental conditions. O. sinensis resembles biotrophic plant pathogens in having a genome shaped by retrotransposon-driven expansions. The resulting changes in gene content suggest that O. sinensis has a biphasic pathogenic mechanism beginning with stealth pathogenesis in early host instars. O. sinensis is the first psychrophilic fungus sequenced and is adapted to extreme cold with putative antifreeze proteins and mechanisms for increasing lipid accumulation and fatty acid unsaturation. We hypothesize that for the inbreeding O. sinensis the massive proliferation of retrotransposons provides a tradeoff between the advantages of increased genetic variation independent of sexual recombination and deletion of genes dispensable for its specialized pathogenic lifestyle. 关键词：基因组测序生活方式虫草秘密性反转录转座子冬虫夏草致病机制不饱和脂肪酸

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Genome survey uncovers the secrets of sex and lifestyle in caterpillar fungus

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