Recycling of mixed cathode lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles: Current status and future outlook

查看全文 作　　者：Tyler [1]Or;Storm [1]WDGourley;Karthikeyan [1]Kaliyappan;Aiping [1]Yu;Zhongwei [1]Chen

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemical Engineering,University of Waterloo,Waterloo,Ontario,Canada

出　　处：《Carbon Energy》索引2020年第2卷第1期,共38页

基　　金：The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)and the University of Waterloo.This work was financially supported by the 111 Project(no.D17007).Karthikeyan Kaliyappan acknowledges the financial support from Henan Normal University,China for this work.Tyler Or was supported through the NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarships—Master’s Program. 摘　　要：Worldwide trends in mobile electrification,largely driven by the popularity of electric vehicles(EVs)will skyrocket demands for lithium-ion battery(LIB)production.As such,up to four million metric tons of LIB waste from EV battery packs could be generated from 2015 to 2040.LIB recycling directly addresses concerns over longterm economic strains due to the uneven geographic distribution of resources(especially for Co and Li)and environmental issues associated with both landfilling and raw material extraction.However,LIB recycling infrastructure has not been widely adopted,and current facilities are mostly focused on Co recovery for economic gains.This incentive will decline due to shifting market trends from LiCoO2 toward cobalt-deficient and mixed-metal cathodes(eg,LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2).Thus,this review covers recycling strategies to recover metals in mixed-metal LIB cathodes and comingled scrap comprising different chemistries.As such,hydrometallurgical processes can meet this criterion,while also requiring a low environmental footprint and energy consumption compared to pyrometallurgy.Following pretreatment to separate the cathode from other battery components,the active material is dissolved entirely by reductive acid leaching.A complex leachate is generated,comprising cathode metals(Li+,Ni2+,Mn2+,and Co2+)and impurities(Fe3+,Al3+,and Cu2+)from the current collectors and battery casing,which can be separated and purified using a series of selective precipitation and/or solvent extraction steps.Alternatively,the cathode can be resynthesized directly from the leachate. 关键词：acid leaching comingled LIB scrap HYDROMETALLURGY NMC selective precipitation solvent extraction

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Recycling of mixed cathode lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles: Current status and future outlook

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