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Characteristics and hazards of different snow avalanche types in a continental snow climate region in the Central Tianshan Mountains

查看全文 作　　者：HAO [1,2]Jiansheng;Richard MIND'[1,3]JE;LIU [1,3,4,5,6]Yang;HUANG [1,3,4,5,6]Farong;ZHOU [7]Hao;LI [1,3,4,5,6]Lanhai 高影响力作者 机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China;[2]Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;[3]Ili Station for Watershed Ecosystem Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xinyuan 835800,China;[4]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;[5]CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia,Urumqi 830011,China;[6]Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone,Urumqi 830011,China;[7]Transport Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000,China高影响力机构 出　　处：《Journal of Arid Land》索引2021年第13卷第4期,共15页高影响力期刊 基　　金：supported by the Open Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key Laboratory(2017D04010). 摘　　要：Snow avalanches are a common natural hazard in many countries with seasonally snow-covered mountains.The avalanche hazard varies with snow avalanche type in different snow climate regions and at different times.The ability to understand the characteristics of avalanche activity and hazards of different snow avalanche types is a prerequisite for improving avalanche disaster management in the mid-altitude region of the Central Tianshan Mountains.In this study,we collected data related to avalanche,snowpack,and meteorology during four snow seasons(from 2015 to 2019),and analysed the characteristics and hazards of different types of avalanches.The snow climate of the mid-altitude region of the Central Tianshan Mountains was examined using a snow climate classification scheme,and the results showed that the mountain range has a continental snow climate.To quantify the hazards of different types of avalanches and describe their situation over time in the continental snow climate region,this study used the avalanche hazard degree to assess the hazards of four types of avalanches,i.e.,full-depth dry snow avalanches,full-depth wet snow avalanches,surface-layer dry snow avalanches,and surface-layer wet snow avalanches.The results indicated that surface-layer dry snow avalanches were characterized by large sizes and high release frequencies,which made them having the highest avalanche hazard degree in the Central Tianshan Mountains with a continental snow climate.The overall avalanche hazard showed a single peak pattern over time during the snow season,and the greatest hazard occurred in the second half of February when the snowpack was deep and the temperature increased.This study can help the disaster and emergency management departments rationally arrange avalanche relief resources and develop avalanche prevention strategies. 关 键 词：continental snow climate avalanche hazard full-depth snow avalanche surface-layer snow avalanche hazard assessment disaster management
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