Fruit cracking and firmness DNA test development and evaluation in sweet cherry

查看全文 作　　者：W.Wesley [1]Crump;Cameron [2]Peace;Zhiwu [3]Zhang;Per [1]McCord 机构地区：[1]Department of Horticulture,Washington State University,Prosser,WA 99350,United States;[2]Department of Horticulture,Washington State University,Pullman,WA 99164,United States;[3]Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Washington State University,Pullman,WA 99164,United States 出　　处：《Fruit Research》索引2022年第2卷第1期,共11页 基　　金：Funding was provided from start-up and royalty funds of the Pacific Northwest Sweet Cherry Breeding Program at WSU(USDA NIFA Hatch project 1014919);partially supported by the Washington State Tree Fruit Research Commission and the Oregon Sweet Cherry Commission.WWC thanks Stijn Vanderzande for supplying part of the genotypic dataset as well as for his help and guidance in data curation. 摘　　要：One application of DNA-informed breeding,which has potential to increase the effectiveness of traditional breeding methods,is the use of DNAbased diagnostic tests to estimate genetic potential of breeding individuals.In sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.),cracked or soft fruit are major industry challenges.Recent research detected two quantitative trait loci(QTLs)for fruit cracking and firmness differing in trait levels associated with QTL haplotypic variation.Also,a DNA test for cracking(Pav-G5Crack-SSR),using two simple sequence repeat(SSR)markers,was previously developed but not yet validated on breeding germplasm.In addition to SSR markers,single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers can be used for developing locus-specific DNA tests and run as simple assays such as high-resolution melting(HRM).The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate the predictiveness of DNA tests for fruit cracking and firmness in sweet cherry.Unselected seedlings from pedigreeconnected families were screened with the Pav-G5Crack-SSR DNA test.DNA tests were also created from four SNP markers with HRM assays,using two years of cracking and firmness data for evaluation.Pav-G5Crack-SSR explained 12–15%of the cracking phenotypic variance,while Pav-G1Crack-SNP and Pav-G5Crack-SNP(which targeted the same QTL as Pav-G5Crack-SSR)together explained 16%–30%of the cracking phenotypic variance.Pav-G1Firm-SNP and Pav-G3Firm-SNP together explained 22%–28%of the firmness phenotypic variance.All three DNA tests can be implemented in breeding programs to enhance effectiveness in breeding for decreased cracking incidence and increased fruit firmness in sweet cherry. 关 键 词：FIR BREEDING CRACKING