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| 1 | Phylogenetic alpha and beta diversity in tropical tree assemblages along regionalscale environmental gradients in northwest South America显示文摘Aims Environmental gradients are drivers of species diversity;however,we know relatively little about the evolutionary processes underlying these relationships.A potentially powerful approach to studying diversity gradients is to quantify the phylogenetic structure within and between assemblages arrayed along broad spatial and environmental gradients.Here,we evaluate the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages along an environmental gradient with the expectation that the habitat specialization of entire lineages is an important evolutionary pattern influencing the structure of tree communities along environmental gradients.Methods We evaluated the effect of several environmental variables on the phylogenetic structure of plant assemblages in 145 plots distributed in northwestern South America that cover a broad environmental gradient.The phylogenetic alpha diversity was quantified for each plot and the phylogenetic beta diversity between each pair of plots was also quantified.Both the alpha and beta diversity measures were then related to spatial and environmental gradients in the study system.Important Findings We found that gradients in temperature and potential evapotranspiration have a strong relationship with the phylogenetic alpha diversity in our study system,with phylogenetic overdispersion in low temperatures and phylogenetic clustering at higher temperatures.Further,the phylogenetic beta diversity between two plots increases with an increasing difference in temperature,whereas annual precipitation was not a significant predictor of community phylogenetic turnover.We also found that the phylogenetic structure of the plots in our study system was related to the degree of seasonal flooding and seasonality in precipitation.In particular,more stressful environments such as dry forests and flooded forests showed phylogenetic clustering.Finally,in contrast with previous studies,we find that phylogenetic beta diversity was not strongly related to the spatial distance separating two forest plots,which may be the result of the importance of the three independent mountain ranges in our study system,which generate a high degree of environmental variation over very short distances.In conclusion,we found that environmental gradients are important drivers of both phylogenetic alpha and phylogenetic beta diversities in these forests over spatial distance. | Sebastián González-Caro María Natalia Umaña Esteban Álvarez Pablo R.Stevenson Nathan G.Swenson | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Management of distal humeral coronal shear fractures显示文摘Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus are rare,complex fractures that can be technically challenging to manage. They usually result from a low-energy fall and direct compression of the distal humerus by the radial head in a hyper-extended or semi-flexed elbow or from spontaneous reduction of a posterolateral subluxation or dislocation. Due to the small number of soft tissue attachments at this site, almost all of these fractures are displaced. The incidence of distal humeral coronal shear fractures is higher among women because of the higher rate of osteoporosis in women and the difference in carrying angle between men and women. Distal humeral coronal shear fractures may occur in isolation, may be part of a complex elbow injury, or may be associated with injuries proximal or distal to the elbow. An associated lateral collateral ligament injury is seen in up to 40% and an associated radial head fracture is seen in up to 30% of these fractures. Given the complex nature of distal humeral coronal shear fractures, there is preference for operative management. Operative fixation leads to stable anatomic reduction, restores articular congruity, and allows initiation of early range-of-motion movements in the majority of cases. Several surgical exposure and fixation techniques are available to reconstruct the articular surface fol owing distal humeral coronal shear fractures. The lateral extensile approach and fixation with countersunk headless compression screws placed in an anterior-to-posterior fashion are commonly used. We have found a two-incision approach(direct anterior and lateral) that results in less soft tissue dissection and better outcomes than the lateral extensile approach in our experience. Stiffness, pain, articular incongruity, arthritis, and ulnohumeral instability may result if reduction is non-anatomic or if fixation fails. | Shahram S Yari Nathan L Bowers Miguel A Craig Lee M Reichel | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，5： | 15 |
| 3 | Phylofloristics:an example from the Lesser Antilles显示文摘Aims The last decade has seen many plant ecologists integrating phylogenetic analysis into ecology to explain patterns of species cooccurrence and compositional similarity across assemblages.Despite the advances in this area,there are still some challenges that need to be addressed.One challenge is that most of the phylogenetic studies of plant assemblages have focused only on a small proportion of all of the vascular plants that co-occur(e.g.woody plants),while much of the remaining co-occurring flora has been ignored.Methods Here we introduce an analytical approach that we term phylofloristics that analyzes the compositional similarity of floras in relation to spatial and environmental gradients to understand their assembly.As an illustration,we assembled a large phylogenetic tree for the flora of the Lesser Antilles and evaluated the patterns of floristic and phylofloristic similarity among the island-specific floras.We analyzed the relationship of these similarities with spatial and environmental distance and compared the results for non-endemic and endemic lineages.Important Findings The results show a major influence of environmental heterogeneity on the assembly of island floras and far less evidence for the importance of dispersal limitation of lineages and species.This study highlights the importance of incorporating broader taxonomic sampling to improve our understanding of assembly processes in ecology.We expect future phylofloristic studies will improve the approach we have taken by generating more refined phylogenetic trees and by incorporating phylogeographic information. | Nathan G.Swenson María N.Umaña | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，2： | 12 |
| 4 | Existing drugs as broad-spectrum and potent inhibitors for Zika virus by targeting NS2B-NS3 interaction显示文摘Zika 病毒(ZIKV ) 的最近的爆发为治疗学加亮迫切需要。朊酶建筑群 NS2B-NS3 在 flaviviral polyprotein 处理期间起必要作用,并且因此代表一个吸引人的药目标。这里,我们开发了裂口酶识别直接指向 flavivirus NS2B-NS3 相互作用的 orthosteric 禁止者的基于互补的高产量的屏蔽试金。由屏蔽一个总数 2 816 同意了并且 investigational 药,我们识别了三个有势力候选人, temoporfin, niclosamide,和 nitazoxanide,,有 nanomolar 力量的 flavivirus NS2B-NS3 相互作用禁止者。显著地,在老鼠的在人的胎盘、神经的祖先房间的大多数有势力化合物, temoporfin,不是仅仅禁止的 ZIKV 复制,而且阻止的导致 ZIKV 的 viremia 和死亡当模特儿。结构的停靠建议 temoporfin 潜在地绑保持批评 NS2B 残余的 NS3 衣袋,因此禁止以一种非竞争的方式处理的 flaviviral polyprotein。当这些药已经在 USA 或另外的国家在另外的指示任何一个为临床的使用被同意了,他们由 ZIKV 和另外的 flaviviruses 为感染的管理代表有希望、容易开发的治疗。 | Zhong Li Matthew Brecher Yong-Qiang Deng Jing Zhang Srilatha Sakamuru Binbin Liu Ruili Huang Cheri A Koetzner Christina A Allen Susan A Jones Haiying Chen Na-Na Zhang Min Tian Fengshan Gao Qishan Lin Nilesh Banavali Jia Zhou Nathan Boles Menghang Xia Laura D Kramer Cheng-Feng Qin Hongmin Li | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，8： | 11 |
| 5 | PIV measurements of turbulent jets issuing from triangular and circular orifice plates显示文摘The present study experimentally investigated the near-field flow mixing characteristics of two turbulent jets issuing from equilateral triangular and circular orifice plates into effectively unbounded surroundings,respectively.Planar particle image velocimetry(PIV) was applied to measure the velocity field at the same Reynolds number of Re=50,000,where Re = UeDe /with Ue being the exit bulk velocity and the kinematic viscosity of fluid,D e the equivalent diameters.The instantaneous velocity,mean velocity,Reynolds stresses were obtained.From the mean velocity field,the centreline velocity decay rate and half-velocity width were derived.Comparing the mixing characteristics of the two jets,it is found that the triangular jet has a faster mixing rate than the circular counterpart.The triangular jet entrainments with the ambient fluid at a higher rate in the near field.This is evidenced by a shorter unmixed core,faster Reynolds stress and centreline turbulence intensity growth.The primary coherent structures in the near field are found to break down more rapidly in the triangular jet as compared to the circular jet.Over the entire measurement region,the triangular jet maintained a higher rate of decay and spread.Moreover,all components of Reynolds stress of the triangular jet appear to reach their peaks earlier,and then decay more rapidly than those of the circular jet.In addition,the axis-switching phenomenon is observed in the triangular jet. | XU MinYi ZHANG JianPeng MI JianChun NATHAN G J KALT P A M | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，6： | 7 |
| 6 | Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘AIM: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing operative vs non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients.METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE through the OVID interface,CINAHL,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),Proquest,Web of Science,SAE digital library,and Transportation Research Board's TRID database.Searches of conference proceedings were also conducted.All available randomized controlled trials comparing operative vs non-operative management of displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients were included.The primary outcomes measures included physical function,pain,health related quality of life,mortality,and the re-operation rate.RESULTS: Six randomized controlled trials(n = 287) were included.There was no statistically significant difference in function(MD = 1.72,95%CI:-2.90-6.34,P = 0.47),as measured by the Constant score,between the operative and the non-operative treatment groups.There was no statistically significance difference insecondary outcomes of health related quality of life(standardized MD = 0.27,95%CI:-0.05-0.59,P = 0.09),and mortality(relative risk 1.29,95%CI: 0.50-3.35,P = 0.60).Operative treatment had a statistically significant higher re-operation rate(relative risk 4.09,95%CI: 1.50-11.15,P = 0.006),and statistically significant decreased pain(MD = 1.26,95%CI: 0.02-2.49,P = 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that there is no difference in functional outcomes between the two treatments.Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to determine if certain subgroup populations benefit from surgical management. | Santa Rabi Nathan Evaniew Sheila A Sprague Mohit Bhandari Gerard P Slobogean | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，10： | 5 |
| 7 | 临床实践指南应当包含治疗负担显示文摘医疗方案的实施需要花费大量时间和精力,给慢性病患者带来巨大负担。然而,临床实践指南高度重视的是得到某些临床结果(如呼吸急促减少或存活率增加),传统指南的建议也是从同样角度提出的。最近的指南会考虑患者的价值观以及指南建议行为的可接受性和可行性,但对治疗负担没有明确规定。这使患者很难根据自己的价值观和能力对治疗做出明智的决定。 | Claudia C Dobler Nathan Harb Catherine A Maguire Carol L Armour Courtney Coleman M Hassan Murad 邓璇(译) 莫云凌(校) | 2019 | 英国医学杂志中文版2019，22，3： | 3 |
| 8 | Structure of the Ca2+-dependent PP2A heterotrimer and insights into Cdc6 dephosphorylation显示文摘B″蛋白质磷酸酶 2A (PP2A ) 的 /PR72 家庭一个重要 PP2A 家庭涉及多样的细胞的过程,并且特别地由钙绑定调整了到规章的子单元。在这个家庭的 PR70 子单元与房间部门控制 6 交往(Cdc6 ) ,为 DNA 复制的控制重要的一个房间周期管理者。这里,我们在 2.1 和 2.4 Å 的一个决定报导孤立的 PR72 和 trimeric PR70 holoenzyme 的水晶结构;,分别地并且在 Cdc6 dephosphorylation 的 vitro 描述。holoenzyme 结构表明 PR70 钙绑定主题之一直接联系支架子单元,导致在所有 PP2A holoenzymes 之中的最紧缩的支架子单元符合构造。PR70 也在活跃地点附近区别地绑在催化子单元,它被要求让 PR70 向 Cdc6 提高磷酸酶活动。我们的研究为 B″ 的唯一的规定提供一个结构的基础;由钙离子的 /PR72 holoenzymes,并且在 PP2A holoenzymes 之中为底层特性的精确控制建议机制。 | Nathan Wlodarchak Feng Guo Kenneth A Satyshur Li Jiang Philip D Jeffrey Tingwan Sun Vitali Stanevich Marc C Mumby Yongna Xing | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，7： | 3 |
| 9 | Structural basis of PP2A activation by PTPA, an ATP- dependent activation chaperone显示文摘蛋白质磷酸酶 2A (PP2A ) 的合适的激活催化子单元为复杂 PP2A 规定是中央的并且为细胞的功能的宽广方面是关键的。PP2A 的水晶结构跳了到 PP2A 磷酸酶使活跃之物(PTPA ) 和 ATPγ S 表明 PTPA 与包围 PP2A 的结构的元素做宽广接触活跃地点和 ATP 的腺嘌一半。PTPA 有约束力稳定为激活要求的 apo-PP2A 的蛋白质褶层,并且东方 ATP phosphoryl 组织直接绑在 PP2A 活跃地点。这允许 ATP 调制 PP2A 活跃地点的金属绑定偏爱并且利用 PP2A 为 ATP 水解作用的活跃地点。在 vitro, ATP 有选择地并且急速地提高内长的催化金属离子的绑定,它要求 ATP 水解作用并且为 pSer/Thr-specific 磷酸酶活动的获得是关键的。而且, PP2A 有约束力、 ATP 有约束力在房间增长和幸存为 PTPA 功能被要求。我们的结果与结构的经济和能潜在地用作一个特定的治疗学的目标的一个唯一的 ATP 有约束力的衣袋在 PP2A 激活建议 PTPA 的新奇机制。 | Feng Guo Vitali Stanevich Nathan Wlodarchak Ritupama Sengupta Li Jiang Kenneth A Satyshur Yongna Xing | 2014 | Cell Research2014，24，2： | 3 |
| 10 | 全球经济失衡展望——依实证和专题研究的视角显示文摘本文证实了自金融危机爆发以来全球经常账户失衡程度的显著改善。具体来说,美国的经常账户赤字占GDP的比例从6%的高位下降了一半,到了3%;中国的经常账户盈余也有了显著下降。对上述两国失衡的降低,以及更具一般性的全球失衡程度的降低,我们接着考量了其仅仅是由于失衡被金融危机所打断而引起的暂时性偏移,还是长期性的调整。 | Nathan Sheets Elina Ribakova Robert A Sockin | 2012 | 金融发展评论2012，，5： | 2 |
| 11 | A randomised comparison of parecoxib versus placebo for pain management following minor day stay gynaecological surgery显示文摘 | Luscombe K S McDonnell N J Muchatuta N A Paech M J Nathan E A | 2010 | Anaesthesia and Intensive Care2010，，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Evidence That the Diabetes Gene Encodes the Leptin Receptor: Identification of a Mutation in the Leptin Receptor Gene in db / db Mice显示文摘 | Hong Chen Olga Charlat Louis A Tartaglia Elizabeth A Woolf Xun Weng Stephen J Ellis Nathan D Lakey Janice Culpepper Karen J More Roger E Breitbart Geoffrey M Duyk Robert I Tepper Jay P Morgenstern | 1996 | Cell1996，，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Giant cell tumor显示文摘 | Daffner R H Nathan G Buterbauch G A | 1994 | Skeletal Radiol1994，23，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Spectral-Domain covariance estimation with a priori knowledge 显示文摘 | PRASHANTH R G NATHAN A G | 2006 | IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic system2006，42，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Nonresolving inflammation显示文摘 | Nathan C Ding A | 2010 | Cell2010，140，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Processing of Multiple-Receiver Spaceborne Arrays for Wide-Area SAR显示文摘 | Nathan A Goodman | 2002 | IEEE Trans On Geo and Remote Sensing2002，40，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Electroanatomic versus fluoroscopic mapping for catheter ablation procedures: a prospec- tive randomized study显示文摘 | Sporton S Earley M Nathan A | 2004 | J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol2004，15，： | 1 |
| 18 | The burden of allergic rhinitis显示文摘 | NATHAN R A | 2007 | Allergy Asthma Proc2007，28，： | 1 |
| 19 | On-road measurement of fine particle and nitrogen oxide emissions from light-and heavy-duty motor vehicles显示文摘 | KIRCHSTETTER W Thomas HARLEY A Robert KREISBERG M Nathan | 1999 | Atmospheric Environment1999，33，18： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of ac electrodeposition conditions on the growth of high aspect ratio copper nanowires in porous aluminum oxide templates 显示文摘 | NATHAN J K JOEL A H | 2005 | Journal of physical chemistry B2005，109，17： | 1 |
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