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| 1 | Capacitive sensor-based fluid level measurement in a dynamic environment using neural network 显示文摘 | TERZIC Edin NAGARAJAH C R ALAMGIR Muhammad | 2010 | Engineering Applica- tions of Artificial Intelligence2010，23，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Growth, yield and fiber quality characteristics of Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars in response to boron nutrition显示文摘Background Boron(B)deficiency is an important factor for poor seed cotton yield and fiber quality.However,it is often missing in the plant nutrition program,particularly in developing countries.The current study investigated B’s effect on growth,yield,and fiber quality of Bt(CIM-663)and non-Bt(Cyto-124)cotton cultivars.The experimental plan consisted of twelve treatments:Control(CK);B at 1 mg·kg^(−1) soil application(SB1);2 mg·kg^(−1) B(SB2);3 mg·kg^(−1) B(SB3);0.2%B foliar spray(FB1);0.4%B foliar spray(FB2);1 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB1+FB1);1 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB1+FB2);2 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB2+FB1);2 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB2+FB2);3 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB3+FB1);3 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB3+FB2).Each treat-ment has three replications,one pot having two plants per replication.Results B nutrition at all levels and methods of application significantly(P≤0.05)affected the growth,physiological,yield,and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars.However,SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray showed superiority over others,particularly in the non-Bt cultivar which responded better to B nutrition.Maxi-mum improvement in monopodial branches(345%),sympodial branches(143%),chlorophyll-a(177%),chlorophyll-b(194%),photosynthesis(169%),and ginning out turn(579%)in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK.In Bt cultivar,although no consistent trend was found but integrated use of SB3 with foliar spray performed relatively better for improving cotton growth compared with other treatments.Fiber quality characteristics in both cultivars were improved markedly but variably with different B treatments.Conclusion B nutrition with SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray was found optimum for improving cotton’s growth and yield characteristics. | MEHRAN Muhammad ASHRAF Muhammad SHAHZAD Sher Muhammad SHAKIR Muhammad Siddique AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen AHMAD Fiaz ALVI Alamgir | 2023 | Journal of Cotton Research2023，6，1： | 0 |
| 3 | Vaccine efficacy and SARS-CoV-2 control in California and U.S.during the session 2020e2026:A modeling study显示文摘Background:Besides maintaining health precautions,vaccination has been the only prevention from SARS-CoV-2,though no clinically proved 100%effective vaccine has been developed till date.At this stage,to withhold the debris of this pandemic-experts need to know the impact of the vaccine efficacy rates,the threshold level of vaccine effectiveness and how long this pandemic may extent with vaccines that have different efficacy rates.In this article,a mathematical model study has been done on the importance of vaccination and vaccine efficiency rate during an ongoing pandemic.Methods:We simulated a five compartment mathematical model to analyze the pandemic scenario in both California,and whole U.S.We considered four vaccines,Pfizer(95%),Moderna(94%),AstraZeneca(79%),and Johnson&Johnson(72%),which are being used rigorously to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,in addition with two special cases:a vaccine with 100%efficacy rate and no vaccine under use.SARS-CoV-2 related data of California,and U.S.were used in this study.Findings:Both the infection and death rates are very high in California.Our model suggests that the pandemic situation in California will be under control in the last quartile of the year 2023 if vaccination program is continued with the Pfizer vaccine.During this time,six waves may happen from the beginning of the immunization where the case fatality and recovery rates will be 1.697%and 98.30%,respectively.However,according to the considered model,this period might be extended to the mid of 2024 when vaccines with lower efficacy rates are used.On the other hand,the daily cases and deaths in the U.S.will be under control at the end of 2026 with multiple waves.Although the number of susceptible people will fall down to none in the beginning of 2027,there is less chance to stop the vaccination program if vaccinated with a vaccine other than a 100%effective vaccine or Pfizer,and at that case vaccination program must run till the mid of 2028.According to this study,the unconfirmed-infectious and infected cases will be under control at the end of 2027 and at the mid of 2028,respectively.Interpretation:The more effective a vaccine is,the less people suffer from this malign infection.Vaccines which are less than 90%effective do not have notable contribution to control the pandemic besides hard immunity.Furthermore,specific groups of people are getting prioritized initially,mass vaccination and quick responses are required to control the spread of this disease. | Md Shahriar Mahmud Md Kamrujjaman Md Mashih Ibn Yasin Adan Md Alamgir Hossain Md Mizanur Rahman Md Shahidul Islam Muhammad Mohebujjaman Md Mamun Molla | 2022 | Infectious Disease Modelling2022，7，1： | 0 |
| 4 | Ambiguity Resolution in Direction of Arrival Estimation with Linear Antenna Arrays Using Differential Geometry显示文摘Linear antenna arrays(LAs)can be used to accurately predict the direction of arrival(DOAs)of various targets of interest in a given area.However,under certain conditions,LA suffers from the problem of ambiguities among the angles of targets,which may result inmisinterpretation of such targets.In order to cope up with such ambiguities,various techniques have been proposed.Unfortunately,none of them fully resolved such a problem because of rank deficiency and high computational cost.We aimed to resolve such a problem by proposing an algorithm using differential geometry.The proposed algorithm uses a specially designed doublet antenna array,which is made up of two individual linear arrays.Two angle observation models,ambiguous observation model(AOM)and estimated observation model(EOM),are derived for each individual array.The ambiguous set of angles is contained in the AOM,which is obtained from the corresponding array elements using differential geometry.The EOM for each array,on the other hand,contains estimated angles of all sources impinging signals on each array,as calculated by a direction-finding algorithm such as the genetic algorithm.The algorithm then contrasts the EOM of each array with its AOM,selecting the output of that array whose EOM has the minimum correlation with its corresponding AOM.In comparison to existing techniques,the proposed algorithm improves estimation accuracy and has greater precision in antenna aperture selection,resulting in improved resolution capabilities and the potential to be used more widely in practical scenarios.The simulation results using MATLAB authenticates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. | Alamgir Safi Muhammad Asghar Khan Fahad Algarni Muhammad Adnan Aziz M.Irfan Uddin Insaf Ullah Tanweer Ahmad Cheema | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Experimental investigation of evaporative cooling systems for agricultural storage and livestock air-conditioning in Pakistan显示文摘Evaporative cooling(EC)is an ancient technique that is usually suitable for hot and dry climatic conditions due to the potential of water vapor evaporation.In this study,three kinds of evaporative cooling systems such as direct EC(DEC),indirect EC(IEC),and Maisotsenko cycle EC(MEC)were locally developed at lab-scale.The performance of the systems was evaluated and compared for agricultural storage and livestock air-conditioning application in Pakistan.The experiments were performed for climatic conditions of Multan city(Pakistan)and the data were collected for hourly and daily basis.According to the results,it was observed that the DEC system has the ability to reduce the temperature of ambient air to an average of 8.5℃.Whilst IEC and MEC systems were able to drop the temperature of ambient air to an average of 6.8℃and 8.9℃,respectively.As per the results,the DEC system remained behind to provide desired conditions for livestock and agricultural product storage applications due to excessive humidity.On the other hand,the IEC and MEC systems can achieve the desired conditions for livestock application,but could not provide feasible conditions for various fruits and vegetable storage.The study concludes that hybrid EC systems can be developed to provide desired conditions for a wide range of applications under varying climatic conditions. | Hafiz M.U.Raza Muhammad Sultan Majid Bahrami Alamgir A.Khan | 2021 | Building Simulation2021，14，3： | 0 |
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