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| 1 | Should antibiotics be administered before arthroscopic knee surgery? A systematic review of the literature显示文摘AIM To explore the current evidence surrounding the administration of prophylactic antibiotics for arthroscopic knee surgery. METHODS Databases were searched from inception through May of 2018 for studies examining prophylactic antibiotic use and efficacy in knee arthroscopy. Studies with patient data were further assessed for types of arthroscopic procedures performed,number of patients in the study,use of antibiotics,and outcomes with the intention of performing a pooled analysis. Data pertaining to 'deep tissue infection' or 'septic arthritis' were included in our analysis. Reported data on superficial infection were not included in our data analysis. For the pooled analysis,a relative risk ratio was calculated and χ~2 tests were used to assess for statistical significance between rates of infection amongst the various patient groups. Post hoc power analyses were performed to compute the statistical power obtained from our sample sizes. Number needed to treat analyses were performed for statistically significant differences by dividing 1 by the difference between the infection rates of the antibiotic and no antibiotic groups. An alpha value of 0.05 was used for our analysis. Study heterogeneity was assessed by Cochrane's Q test as well as calculation of the I^2 value.RESULTS A total of 49682 patients who underwent knee ar-throscopy for a diverse set of procedures across 19 studies met inclusion critera for pooled analysis. For those not undergoing graft procedures,there were 27 cases of post-operative septic arthritis in 34487 patients(0.08%) who received prophylactic antibiotics and 16 cases in 10911(0.15%) who received none [risk ratio(RR) = 0.53,95% confidence interval(CI): 0.29-0.99,P = 0.05]. A sub-group analysis in which bony procedures were excluded was performed which found no significant difference in infection rates between patients that received prophylactic antibiotics and patients that did not(P > 0.05). All anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction studies used prophylactic antibiotics,but two studies investigating the effect of soaking the graft in vancomycin in addition to standard intravenous(IV) prophylaxis were combined for analysis. There were 19 cases in 1095 patients(1.74%) who received IV antibioitics alone and no infections in 2034 patients who received IV antibiotics and had a vancomycin soaked graft(RR = 0.01,95%CI: 0.001-0.229,P < 0.01).CONCLUSION Prophylactic antibiotics are effective in preventing septic arthritis following simple knee arthroscopy. In procedures involving graft implantation,graft soaking reduces the rate of infection. | John Carney Nathanael Heckmann Erik N Mayer Ram K Alluri Carleton Thomas Vangsness George F Hatch Ⅲ Alexander E Weber | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，11： | 2 |
| 2 | 基于石墨烯的光学控制窄带太赫兹开关(英文)显示文摘本文提出了一种光控太赫兹开关,该开关采用覆盖单层石墨烯的十字金属谐振器超表面。利用石墨烯表面电导率模型和有限元法计算了这种复合结构的光谱特性。模拟结果表明,在0.2 W/mm^2的光泵浦后,传输谱(调制深度为36.8%,Q-因子为250)出现了窄带共振衰减现象。另外,这种衰减的调制深度可以通过改变泵浦强度微调节。因此,光学可调谐太赫兹开关的设计将有助于太赫兹通信应用的功能组件开发。 | GREBENCHUKOV Alexander N ZAITSEV Anton D KHODZITSKY Mikhail K | 2018 | 中国光学2018，11，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Relationship between organic matter content of soil and the sequestration of phenanthrene显示文摘 | Nam K Chung N Alexander M | 1998 | Environ Sci Technol1998，32，23： | 1 |
| 4 | Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in crudes oils from the Barrow Sub-basin of Western Australia显示文摘 | Volkman J K Alexander R Kagi R I Rowland S J Sheppard P N | 1984 | Org Geochem1984，6，62： | 1 |
| 5 | Haemato- immunological and stress responses of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings: effect of rearing temperature and dietary gelatinized carbohydrate 显示文摘 | ALEXANDER C SAHU N P PAL A K | 2011 | Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition2011，95，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Estimations of total ecosystem carbon pools distribution and carbon biomass current annual incre- ment of a moist tropical forest显示文摘 | Adrien N D Alexander K Gode G | 2011 | Forest Ecology and Management2011，26，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Differential expression of protein kinase C isoforms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats 显示文摘 | Kang N Alexander G Park J K | 1999 | Kidney lnt1999，56，： | 1 |
| 8 | A facile synthesis of annulated thiatriazine dioxides 显示文摘 | Alexander N K Alexander N S Svetlana V S | 2010 | Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry2010，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Relationship between organic matter content of soil and the sequestration of phenanthrene显示文摘 | Nam K Chung N Alexander M | 1998 | Environmental Science & Technology1998，32，23： | 1 |
| 10 | Winners and Losers in Housing Markets 显示文摘 | NOBUHIRO K ALEXANDER M KALIN N | 2011 | Journal of Money Credit andBanking2011，43，23： | 1 |
| 11 | Haemato -immunological and stress responses of Labeo rohita(Hamilton) fingerlings :effect of rearing temperatureand dietary gelatinized carbohydrate 显示文摘 | Alexander C Sahu N P Pal A K | 2011 | Journal ofAnimal Physiology and Animal Nutrition2011，95，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Evaluation of automated isocratic and gradient nano -liquid chromatog- raphy and capillary electrochromatography 显示文摘 | Alexander J N Poli J B Markides K E | 1999 | Analyti- cal Chemistry1999，71，： | 1 |
| 13 | Administration of raloxifene reduces sensorimotor and working memory deficits following traumatic brain injury显示文摘 | Olga N Kokiko Alexander K Murashov Michael R Hoane | 2006 | Behav Brain Res2006，170，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Field measurement and subjects' votes assessment on thermal comfort in high-rise hostels in Malaysia 显示文摘 | Dahlan N D Jones P J Alexander D K | 2008 | Indoor and Built Environment2008，17，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Blood pressure-lowering properties of chokeberry显示文摘 | Jarkko K H Alexander N S Marina N M | 2010 | Journal of Functional Foods2010，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils from Banow subbasin of Western Australia显示文摘 | Volkman J K Alexander R Kagi R L Rowland S J Sheppard P N | 1984 | Org Geochem1984，6，： | 1 |
| 17 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Alexander H K Balatsky V Nagaosa N | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Uncertainty, Anxiety, and Brain Oscillations 显示文摘 | GENNADY G K ALEXANDER N S EVGENIJ A L | 2005 | Neuroscience Letters2005，387，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Anthracene-BODIPY Dyads as Fluorescent Sensors for Biocatalytic Diels-Alder Reac-tions显示文摘 | Alexander N Andrei Y K Nienhaus G U | 2010 | J Am Chem Soc2010，132，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Maternally- supplied fish oil alters piglet immune cell fatty acid profile and eicosanoid production显示文摘 | Fritsche K L Alexander D W Cassity N A | 1993 | Lipids1993，28，8： | 1 |
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