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| 1 | Epithelial toll-like receptor 9 signaling in colorectal inflammation and cancer: Clinico-pathogenic aspects显示文摘Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize specific motifs which are frequently present in bacteria, fungi, prokaryotes and viruses. Amongst TLRs, TLR9 can be activated by such bacterial or viral DNA fragments, immunoglobulin-DNA complexes or synthetic oligonucleotides, which all contain unmethylated cytosineguanine nucleotide sequences (CpGs). Emerging data indicate that TLR9 signaling has a role in, and may influence, colorectal carcinogenesis and colonic inflammation. CpGs are classified into three groups according to their influence on both the antigen-specific humoraland cellular immunity, and the production of type 1 interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. TLR9 activation via CpGs may serve as a new therapeutic target for several cancerous and various inflammatory conditions. Due to its probable anti-cancer effects, the application possibilities of TLR9-signaling modulation may be extremely diverse even in colorectal tumors. In this review we aimed to summarize the current knowledge about TLR-signaling in the pathogenesis and therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. Due to the species-specific differences in TLR9 expression, however, one must be careful in translating the animal model data into the human system, because of the differences between CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-responsive cells. TLR9 agonist DNA-based immunomodulatory sequences could also represent a promising therapeutic alternative in systemic inflammatory conditions and chronic colonic inflammations as their side effects are not significant. | István Fri Ferenc Sipos Tiana M Germann Alexandra Kalmár Zsolt Tulassay Béla Molnár Gyrgyi Mzes | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，26： | 14 |
| 2 | Restoration of energy level in the early phase of acute pediatric pancreatitis显示文摘Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease with rising incidence both in the adult and pediatric populations. It has been shown that mitochondrial injury and energy depletion are the earliest intracellular events in the early phase of AP. Moreover, it has been revealed that restoration of intracellular ATP level restores cellular functions and defends the cells from death. We have recently shown in a systematic review and meta-analysis that early enteral feeding is beneficial in adults; however, no reviews are available concerning the effect of early enteral feeding in pediatric AP. In this minireview, our aim was to systematically analyse the literature on the treatmentof acute pediatric pancreatitis. The preferred reporting items for systematic review(PRISMA-P) were followed, and the question was drafted based on participants, intervention, comparison and outcomes: P: patients under the age of twenty-one suffering from acute pancreatitis; I: early enteral nutrition (per os and nasogastric- or nasojejunal tube started within 48 h); C: nil per os therapy; O: length of hospitalization, need for treatment at an intensive care unit, development of severe AP, lung injury (including lung oedema and pleural effusion), white blood cell count and pain score on admission. Altogether, 632 articles (Pub Med: 131; EMBASE: 501) were found. After detailed screening of eligible papers, five of them met inclusion criteria. Only retrospective clinical trials were available. Due to insufficient information from the authors, it was only possible to address length of hospitalization as an outcome of the study. Our mini-meta-analysis showed that early enteral nutrition significantly(SD = 0.806, P = 0.034) decreases length of hospitalization compared with nil per os diet in acute pediatric pancreatitis. In this minireview, we clearly show that early enteral nutrition, started within 24-48 h, is beneficial in acute pediatric pancreatitis. Prospective studies and better presentation of research are crucially needed to achieve a higher level of evidence. | Dóra Mosztbacher Nelli Farkas Margit Solymár Gabriella Pár Judit Bajor ákos Szucs József Czimmer Katalin Márta Alexandra Mikó Zoltán Rumbus Péter Varjú Péter Hegyi Andrea Párniczky | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，6： | 8 |
| 3 | Alleviated mucosal and neuronal damage in a rat model of Crohn's disease显示文摘AIM:To establish a rat model suitable to investigate the repetitive relapsing inflammations(RRI)characteristic to Crohn’s disease.METHODS:Colitis was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS).RRI were mimicked by repeating administrations of TNBS.Tissue samples were taken from control,once,twice and three times treated rats from the inflamed and adjacent non-inflamed colonic segments at different timepoints during the acute intestinal inflammation.The means of the ulcerated area were measured to evaluate the macroscopic mu-cosal damage.The density of myenteric neurons was determined on whole mounts by Hu C/Hu D immunohistochemistry.Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)expression was evaluated by molecular biological techniques.RESULTS:TNBS-treated rats displayed severe colitis,but the mortality was negligible,and an increase of body weight was characteristic throughout the experimental period.The widespread loss of myenteric neurons,and marked but transient HO-1 up-regulation were demonstrated after the first TNBS administration.After repeated doses the length of the recovery time and extent of the ulcerous colonic segments were markedly decreased,and the neuronal loss was on a smaller scale and was limited to the inflamed area.HO-1 m RNA level was notably greater than after a single dose and overexpression was sustained throughout the timepoints examined.Nevertheless,the HO-1protein up-regulation after the second TNBS treatment proved to be transient.Following the third treatment HO-1 protein expression could not be detected.CONCLUSION:Experimentally provoked RRI may exert a protective preconditioning effect against the mucosal and neuronal damage.The persistent up-regulation of HO-1 m RNA expression may correlate with this. | Petra Talapka Lajos István Nagy Alexandra Pál Marietta Zita Poles Anikó Berkó Mária Bagyánszki László Géza Puskás éva Fekete Nikolett Bódi | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，44： | 3 |
| 4 | Chronic kidney disease severely deteriorates the outcome of gastrointestinal bleeding: A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM To understand the influence of chronic kidney disease(CKD) on mortality, need for transfusion and rebleeding in gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding patients.METHODS A systematic search was conducted in three databases for studies on GI bleeding patients with CKD or endstage renal disease(ESRD) with data on outcomes of mortality, transfusion requirement, rebleeding rate and length of hospitalization(LOH). Calculations were performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software using the random effects model. Heterogeneity was tested by using Cochrane's Q and I2 statistics. Mean difference(MD) and OR(odds ratio) were calculated.RESULTS1063 articles(EMBASE: 589; PubM ed: 459; Cochrane: 15) were found in total. 5 retrospective articles and 1 prospective study were available for analysis. These 6 articles contained data on 406035 patients, of whom 51315 had impaired renal function. The analysis showed a higher mortality in the CKD group(OR = 1.786, 95%CI: 1.689-1.888, P < 0.001) and the ESRD group(OR = 2.530, 95%CI: 1.386-4.616, P = 0.002), and a rebleeding rate(OR = 2.510, 95%CI: 1.521-4.144, P < 0.001) in patients with impaired renal function. CKD patients required more unit red blood cell transfusion(MD = 1.863, 95%CI: 0.812-2.915, P < 0.001) and spent more time in hospital(MD = 13.245, 95%CI: 6.886-19.623, P < 0.001) than the controls.CONCLUSION ESRD increases mortality, need for transfusion, rebleeding rate and LOH among GI bleeding patients. Prospective patient registries and observational clinical trials are crucially needed. | Roland Hágendorn Nelli Farkas Aron Vincze Zoltán Gyongyi Dezso Csupor Judit Bajor Bálint Eross Péter Csécsei Andrea Vasas Zsolt Szakács László Szapáry Péter Hegyi Alexandra Mikó | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，47： | 3 |
| 5 | A new rapid test for fecal calprotectin predicts endoscopic remission and postoperative recurrence in Crohn’s disease显示文摘 | Triana Lobatón Alicia López-García Francisco Rodríguez-Moranta Alexandra Ruiz Lorena Rodríguez Jordi Guardiola | 2013 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2013，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Thermochemistry and aqueous solubilities of hydrotalcitelike solids显示文摘 | Rama Kumar A Alexandra N Hillary T B William H C | | 0，，5568： | 1 |
| 7 | Optimizing therapy of sei- zures in stroke patients显示文摘 | Philippe R Alexandra M Norbert N | 2006 | Neurology2006，67，： | 1 |
| 8 | Sequential analysis of helminth egg output in human stool samples following albendazole and praziquantel administration显示文摘 | Alexandra U. Scherrer Marita K. Sj?berg Alphonse Allangba Mahamadou Traoré Laurent K. Lohourignon Andres B. Tschannen Eliézer K. N'Goran Jürg Utzinger | 2008 | Acta Tropica2008，，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Sequential in vitro digestion of uncooked and cooked sorghum maize samples显示文摘 | Alexandra N Correia I Barros A | 2004 | J Agric Food Chem2004，52，： | 1 |
| 10 | Wnt signaling in stem and cancer stem cells显示文摘 | Jane D Holland Alexandra Klaus Alistair N Garratt Walter Birchmeier | 2013 | Current Opinion in Cell Biology2013，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | HPLC/UV quantitation of retinal,retinol,and retinyl esters in serum and tissues显示文摘 | Maureen A K Alexandra E F Joseph L N | 2008 | Anal Biochem2008，378，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Energetics of phosphate frame- works containing zinc and cobalt : NaZnPO4, Nail ( Zn- PO4)2, NaZnPO4 ·H2O, NaZnPO4 ·4/3H2O, and Na- CoXZn1XxPO4· 4/3H2zO 显示文摘 | Le S N Alexandra N | 2007 | Journal of Solid State Chemistry2007，180，9： | 1 |
| 13 | Development of a method to produce freeze-dried cubes from 3 pacific salmon species 显示文摘 | Charles C Alexandra C M Olivera D N | 2010 | Journal of Food Science2010，75，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Sequential in vitro digestion of uncooked and cooked sorghum maize samples显示文摘 | Alexandra N Correia I Barros A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Correlation of corn and soybean yield with topography and soil properties显示文摘 | Alexandra N K Donald G B | 2000 | Agronomy Journal2000，92，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Theory of stimula- ted Raman scattering cancellation in wavelength-division- ultiplexed systems via spectral inversion 显示文摘 | Alexandra G G Demetrios N C Jean T | 1999 | Photonics Technology Letters1999，11，10： | 1 |
| 17 | The tin-rich part of the Au-Pt-Sn system 显示文摘 | Alexandra N T Laila Offernes Kjekshus A | 2001 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds2001，314，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesis,characterization,and thermochemistry of K-Na-H3O jarosites显示文摘 | Christophe D Alexandra N | 2003 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta2003，67，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Optimizing therapy d seizures in stroke patient显示文摘 | Philippe R Alexandra M Norbert N | 2006 | Neurology2006，67，： | 1 |
| 20 | Bound water content of biological sludges in relation to filtration and dewatering显示文摘 | Katsiris N Alexandra K K | | 0，，11： | 1 |
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