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| 1 | GRADE指南:Ⅶ.证据质量评价--不一致性显示文摘本文针对二分类变量结局指标相对(而非绝对)治疗效果的不一致性。证据本身不会因不同研究结果具有一致性而升级,但可能因不一致而降低质量级别。衡量一致性的标准包括点估计值的相似性、可信区间的重叠程度以及统计学判定标准包括异质性检验和I2。系统评价作者应提出并检验少数几个与患者、干预措施、结局指标以及方法学相关的先验假设以探寻异质性来源。当不一致性很大且无法解释时,因不一致性而降低质量级别是恰当的,特别当某些研究显示有显著益处而其他显示无益甚至有害时(而非仅是疗效大与疗效小的比较)。明显的亚组效应可能不可靠。如果亚组效应满足以下条件,其可信度将会增加:基于少数几个有具体方向的先验假设、亚组比较来自研究内而非研究间、交互检验的P值小、结果有生物学意义。 | Gordon H.Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz James Woodcock Jan Brozek Mark Helfand Pablo Alonso-Coello Paul Glasziou Roman Jaeschke Elie A.Akl Susan Norris Gunn Vist Philipp Dahm Vijay K.Shukla Julian Higgins Yngve Falck-Ytter Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE小组 李幼平 杨晓妍 王莉 蔡羽嘉 陈群飞 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 33 |
| 2 | A Comparison of Multiple Criteria Analysis Techniques for Water Re- source Management显示文摘 | Stefan Hajkowicz Andrew Higgins | 2008 | European Jo- urnM of Operational Research2008，184，： | 1 |
| 3 | Directing urban development to the right places:Assessing the impact of urban development on water quality in an estuarine environment显示文摘 | Oswald Marinoni Andrew Higgins | 2013 | Landscape and Urban Planning2013，113，： | 1 |
| 4 | A multicenter, randomized, phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination docetaxel and carboplatin and sequential therapy with docetaxel then carboplatin in patients with recurrent platinum‐sensitive ovarian cancer显示文摘 | Angeles Alvarez Secord Andrew Berchuck Robert V. Higgins Lawrence R. Nycum Matthew F. Kohler Larry E. Puls Robert W. Holloway George S. Lewandowski Fidel A. Valea Laura J. Havrilesky | 2011 | Cancer2011，，13： | 1 |
| 5 | Inappropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks in MADIT II显示文摘 | James P. Daubert Wojciech Zareba David S. Cannom Scott McNitt Spencer Z. Rosero Paul Wang Claudio Schuger Jonathan S. Steinberg Steven L. Higgins David J. Wilber Helmut Klein Mark L. Andrews W. Jackson Hall Arthur J. Moss | 2008 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2008，，14： | 1 |
| 6 | An ellipsometric study of polypyrrole films on platinum显示文摘 | Andrew Hamnett Simon J Higgins Peter R Fisk | 1989 | Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry1989，270，12： | 1 |
| 7 | 内爆驱动式超高速发射技术的初步研究显示文摘为获得10 km/s左右的超高速发射能力,以内爆发射器为研究对象,利用AUTODYN 2D软件对口径为8 mm的内爆发射器进行有限元仿真分析,获得了典型状态下的弹丸发射速度。研制了口径为8 mm的内爆发射器,并在压缩管中填充5 MPa氦气进行实验,分别获得了0.55 g铝合金弹丸7.95 km/s和0.37 g镁合金弹丸10.28 km/s的发射速度,与有限元仿真计算结果的速度偏差分别为15.3%和3.7%。结果表明,设计的内爆发射器具备10 km/s发射能力,满足空间碎片撞击和防护研究的超高速发射需求。 | 王马法 HIGGINS Andrew J 焦德志 黄洁 柳森 | 2020 | 高压物理学报2020，34，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Opportunities for Value Chain Research in Sugar Indus-tries显示文摘 | Andrew Higgins Peter Thorbum Ainsley Archer EmmaJakku | 2007 | Agricultural Systems2007，94，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Scheduling of road vehicles in sugarcane transport:A case study at an Australian sugar mill显示文摘 | Andrew Higgins | 2006 | European Journal of Operational Research2006，170，3： | 1 |
| 10 | A comparison of multiple criteria analysis techniques for water resource management显示文摘 | Stefan Hajkowicz* Andrew Higgins | 2008 | European Journal of Operational Research2008，184，： | 1 |
| 11 | Opportunities for' valuechain research in sugar industries显示文摘 | Andrew Higgins | 2007 | Agricultural Systems2007，94，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Pain management strategies in penile implantation显示文摘The opioid epidemic continues to be a serious public health concern.Many have pointed to prescription drug misuse as a nidus for patients to become addicted to opioids and as such,urologists and other surgical subspecialists must critically define optimal pain management for the various procedures performed within their respective disciplines.Controlling pain following penile prosthesis implantation remains a unique challenge for urologists,given the increased pain patients commonly experience in the postoperative setting.Although most of the existing urological literature focuses on interventions performed in the operating room,there are many studies that examine the role of preoperative adjunctive pain medicine in diminishing postoperative narcotic requirements.There are relatively few studies looking at postoperative strategies for managing pain in prosthetic surgery with follow-up past the immediate hospitalization.This review assess the various strategies employed for managing pain following penile implantation through the lens of the current state of the opioid crisis,thus examining how urologists can responsibly treat pain without contributing to the growing threat of opioid addiction. | Jeffrey L Ellis Andrew M Higgins Jay Simhan | 2020 | Asian Journal of Andrology2020，22，1： | 0 |
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