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| 1 | 预防性中央区淋巴结清扫治疗甲状腺乳头状癌的利与弊显示文摘对甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的患者是否行预防性的中央区淋巴结清扫(pCND)是存在争议的。相比于其他恶性肿瘤而言,PTC患者有较好的整体生存率,但由于淋巴结的转移而导致局部复发也是治疗的一个难点。与颈侧区淋巴结转移不同,中央区淋巴结转移在术前评估中不易被发现,并且第1次术后如中央区的病灶复发或残留可能需再次手术治疗,但是出现手术并发症的风险将增加。由于中央区淋巴结在位置上属于甲状腺切除术的区域内,所以行pCND可以减少复发的风险及再次手术的需要,但也需要衡量患者的风险及获益。笔者将通过长期的治疗效果来讨论pCND的优势及劣势,同时也将对pCND的合理性,单或双侧pCND的指征及常规行pCND和复发再手术的比较进行讨论。分子标志物在高危患者中的应用及患者术后生存质量的研究也有所提及。 | Anthony R.Glover Justin S.Gundara Olov Norlén James C.Lee Stan B.Sidhu 冯铁成 李新营 | 2014 | 中国普通外科杂志2014，23，5： | 10 |
| 2 | Liver disease and erythropoietic protoporphyria:A concise review显示文摘The porphyries are a group of metabolic disorders characterized by deficiencies in the activity of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of heme.In erythropoietic protoporphyria(EPP),in the majority of cases an autosomal dominant disease,there is a mutation of the gene that encodes ferrochelatase(FECH).FECH deficiency is associated with increased concentrations of protoporphyrin in erythrocytes,plasma,skin and liver.The prevalence of this inherited disorder oscillates between 1:75 000 and 1:200 000.Clinical manifestations of EPP appear in early infancy upon first exposure to the sun.Nevertheless,approximately 5%-20% of patients with EPP develop liver manifestations.Retention of protoporphyrin in the liver is associated with cholestatic phenomena and oxidative stress that predisposes to hepatobiliary disease of varying degrees of severity,such as cholelithiasis,mild parenchymal liver disease,progressive hepatocellular disease with end-stage liver disease and acute liver failure.Liver damage is the major risk in EPP patients,so surveillance and frequent clinical and biochemical liver follow-up is mandatory.The diagnostic approach consists in detecting increased levels of protoporphyrin,decreased activity of FECH and genetic analysis of the FECH gene.A variety of nonsurgical therapeutic approaches have been adopted for the management of EPP associated with liver disease,but none of these has been shown to be unequivocally efficacious.Nevertheless,some may have a place in preparing patients for liver transplantation.Liver transplantation does not correct the constitutional deficiency of FECH.Consequently,there is a risk of recurrence of liver disease after liver transplantation as a result of continuing overproduction of protoporphyrin.Some authors recommend that bone marrow transplantation should be considered in liver allograft recipients to prevent recurrence of hepatic disease. | María José Casanova-González María Trapero-Marugán E Anthony Jones Ricardo Moreno-Otero | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，36： | 7 |
| 3 | Retrograde-viewing device improves adenoma detection rate in colonoscopies for surveillance and diagnostic workup显示文摘AIM:To determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized,controlled trial data.METHODS:The Third Eye Retroscope Randomized Clinical Evaluation(TERRACE) was a randomized,controlled,multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device.Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening,surveillance or diagnostic workup,and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy(SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy(TEC),randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.RESULTS:Indication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects(51.0%),surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87(25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82(23.8%).In 4 subjects no indication was specified.Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate(ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC.Relative risk(RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92(P = 0.029).Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening,35.7% for surveillance,55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined.The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11(P = 0.815) for screening,3.15(P = 0.014) for surveillance,8.64(P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34(P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined.Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor,subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant.Age,bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC.Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm,respectively(P = NS).CONCLUSION:TEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup,but not in screening patients(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01044732). | Peter D Siersema Amit Rastogi Anke M Leufkens Paul A Akerman Kassem Azzouzi Richard I Rothstein Frank P Vleggaar Alessandro Repici Giacomo Rando Patrick I Okolo Olivier Dewit Ana Ignjatovic Elizabeth Odstrcil James East Pierre H Deprez Brian P Saunders Anthony N Kalloo Bradley Creel Vikas Singh Anne Marie Lennon Daniel C DeMarco | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 6 |
| 4 | 成人高血压:NICE指南更新概要显示文摘高血压是全球发病率和死亡率的首位原因。超过25%的英国成年人患有高血压,其中有近30%患者的血压未得到控制。8月,英国国家健康与临床优选研究所(NICE)发表了更新的高血压诊疗指南。指南回顾了自2011年更新指南以来有关启动、监测及降压治疗内容,选择新的随机临床试验证据。更新指南的内容有所增加,纳人了合并2型糖尿病的患者,但对合并慢性肾脏疾病、心血管疾病或妊娠期高血压未给予推荐(译者注:这些部分有专业指南)。 | Rebecca J Boffa Margaret Constanti Christopher N Floyd Anthony S Wierzbicki 杨靓(译) 刘靖(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，4： | 3 |
| 5 | In vitro properties of surface-modified solid lipid microspheres containing an antimalarial drug:halofantrine显示文摘Objective:To formulate and evaluate in vitro,surface-modified solid lipid microspheres containing hal of antrine using lipid matrix formed from goat fat and a phospholipid(P90H). Methods:The model drug,hal of antrine in an increasing concentration of 1%,2%,3%,4% and 5%w/w was incorporated into surface-modified solid lipid microspheres formulated by hot homogenization.Effect of drug concentration on the encapsulation efficiency was studied. The dispersion was evaluated using particle size,particle morphology,pH and encapsulation efficiency.The drug formulation with highest encapsulation efficiency was selected and used for the release studies and compared with the release from a commercial dosage form(Halfan~? 250 mg tablet,Claxo-Smithkline,Mayenne France) using simulated gastric fluid(SGF pH 1.2), simulated intestinal fluid(SIF pH 7.2) and phosphate buffer(pH 6.8) as biorelevant media. Results were analyzed statistically and the level of significance was taken to be P<0.05). Results:Discrete and spherical solid lipid microspheres were produced.The particle size of the dispersion was low(32.48-33.87μm) with minimal particle growth and high encapsulation efficiencies(86.8%-91.0%) after 3 months.The pH of the microspheres dispersion changed appreciably after 3 months.In vitro release result obtained revealed sustained and controlled drug release from the lipid microspheres compared with the tablet dosage form.Conclosions: Formulation of hal of antrine as solid lipid microspheres presents a better alternative to the conventional tablet formulation as the in vitro dissolution of the highly lipophilic hal of antrine was highly improved. | Anthony A Attama Collins N Igbonekwu | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，4： | 3 |
| 6 | Acquired mutation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in human myeloproliferative disorders显示文摘 | E Joanna Baxter Linda M Scott Peter J Campbell Clare East Nasios Fourouclas Soheila Swanton George S Vassiliou Anthony J Bench Elaine M Boyd Natasha Curtin Mike A Scott Wendy N Erber Anthony R Green | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9464)2005，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Flexible transgastric peritoneoscopy: a novel approach to diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in the peritoneal cavity显示文摘 | Anthony N Kalloo Vikesh K Singh Sanjay B Jagannath Hideaki Niiyama Susan L Hill Cheryl A Vaughn Carolyn A Magee Sergey V Kantsevoy | 2004 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2004，，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Cancer Genome Scanning in Plasma: Detection of Tumor-Associated Copy Number Aberrations, Single-Nucleotide Variants, and Tumoral Heterogeneity by Massively Parallel Sequencing显示文摘 | Chan K C Allen Jiang Peiyong Zheng Yama W L Liao Gary J W Sun Hao Wong John Siu Shing Shun N Chan Wing C Chan Stephen L Chan Anthony T C Lai Paul B S Chiu Rossa W K Lo Y M D | 2013 | Clinical Chemistry2013，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Pentazole chemisty:The mechanism of the reaction of aryldiazonium chlorides with azide ion at -80 ℃:Concerted versus stepwise formation of arylpentazoles,detection of a pentazene intermediate,a combined 1H and^15N NMR experimental and ab initio theoretical study显示文摘 | Butler Richard N Fox Anthony Seamus Collier | 1998 | Chem Soc Perkin Trans 21998，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Ocean acidification causes bleaching and productivity loss in coral reef builders显示文摘 | Anthony K R N Kline D I INaz Pulido G | 2008 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008，105，17： | 1 |
| 11 | Broad diversity of neutralizing antibodies isolated from memory B cells in HIV-infected individuals显示文摘 | Scheid J F Mouquet H Feldhahn N Seaman M S Velinzon K Pietzsch J Ott R G Anthony R M Zebroski H Hurley A Phogat A Chakrabarti B Li Y Connors M Pereyra F Walker B D Wardemann H Ho D Wyatt R T Mascola J R Ravetch J V Nussenzweig M C | 2009 | Nature2009，458，7238： | 1 |
| 12 | The stability of vegetation boundaries and the propagation of desertification in the American Southwest : A modeling approach显示文摘 | Eva N John W Anthony J | 2007 | Ecological Modeling2007，208，： | 1 |
| 13 | Comparison of rumen and fecal anlysis to describe deer diets 显示文摘 | Anthony R G Smith N S | 1974 | The Journal of Wildlife Management1974，38，： | 1 |
| 14 | Tumor content of the antiapoptosis molecule survivin and recurrence of bladder cancer显示文摘 | Swana H Grossman D Anthony J N | 1999 | N Engl Jmed1999，341，： | 1 |
| 15 | Ascites syndrome and related pathologies in feed restricted broilers raised in a hypobaric chamber显示文摘 | Balog J M Anthony N B Cooper M A | 2000 | Poult Sci2000，79，3： | 1 |
| 16 | The growth and interaction of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria isolated from Zombabwean naturally fermented milkin UHT milk显示文摘 | Tendekayi H Gadaga Anthony N Mutukumira Judith A Narvhus | 2001 | International Journal of Food Microbiology2001，，68： | 1 |
| 17 | Hemoglobin and hemocrit values in the fish Oreochromis mossambicus(Peters)after short-term exposure to copper and mercury显示文摘 | Cyriac P J Anthony A Nambisan P N K | 1989 | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology1989，43，2： | 1 |
| 18 | A simple and cost-effective method of DNA extraction from small formalin-fixed paraffinembedded tissue for molecular oncologic testing显示文摘 | Anthony N Snow Aaron A Stence Jonathan A Pruessner | 2014 | Carcinogenesis Clinical Pa- thology2014，30，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Ocean acidification causes bleaching and productivity loss in coral reef builders 显示文摘 | Anthony K R N Kline D I Diaz-Pulido G | 2008 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008，105，17： | 1 |
| 20 | Robust Stability of Nonlinear Time-Delay Systems with Applications to Neural Networks显示文摘 | YE H ANTHONY N M WANG K N | 1996 | IEEE Transactions on Circuit and Systems I1996，43，7： | 1 |
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