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| 1 | 2016年WHO泌尿系统和男性生殖器官肿瘤分类指南--第二部分:前列腺和膀胱肿瘤显示文摘自上次世界卫生组织(world health organization,WHO)公布前列腺和膀胱肿瘤分类,已有12年。在此期间,关于这些肿瘤的病理和遗传学出现了大量知识更新。2016年WHO分类指南中新增了前列腺导管内癌的内容。在大多数情况下,前列腺导管内癌是一种在导管内扩散且具有侵袭性的前列腺癌,需与高级别前列腺上皮内瘤进行区分。前列腺腺泡腺癌新增了两种类型,包括微囊腺癌和多形性巨细胞腺癌。修改后的Gleason分级系统也增补至新分类的前列腺癌分级中;对于评分为Gleason 7分的腺癌,建议诊断报告列出结构类型为4级(pattern 4)的比例。新分类进一步推荐近来提出的前列腺癌5级分类。对于膀胱癌,2016年WHO分类继续沿用国际泌尿病理协会(International Society of Urological Pathology,ISUP)1997年的分类指南。本次修订中更好地定义了非侵袭性的尿路上皮病变,包括尿路上皮异型增生和未知恶性潜能的尿路上皮增生,常见于有尿路上皮癌病史的患者,侵袭性尿路上皮癌的异向分化,指一定比例的'常见型'尿路上皮癌和其他形态变化同时存在。病理医生在病理报告中需注明不同组织的比例。 | Peter A.Humphrey Holger Moch Antonio L.Cubilla Thomas M.Ulbright Victor E.Reuter 张繁(译) 江宗睿(译) 王焕军(校) | 2018 | 影像诊断与介入放射学2018，27，2： | 62 |
| 2 | 2016年WHO泌尿系统和男性生殖器官肿瘤分类--第一部分:肾、阴茎和睾丸肿瘤显示文摘2015年于瑞士苏黎世召开的WHO共识会议上确定通过后,2016年发布的第四版世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)泌尿生殖系统肿瘤分类('蓝皮书')(图1)进行了重要修订。本综述总结了新版分类与之前版本在肾、阴茎和睾丸肿瘤方面的主要差异。最新确定的肾上皮性肿瘤包括遗传性平滑肌瘤病和肾细胞癌综合征相关性肾细胞癌(hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome-associated RCC,HLRCC-associated RCC)、琥珀酸脱氢酶缺陷型肾细胞癌(succinate dehydrogenase-deficient RCC,SDH-deficient RCC)、管状囊性肾细胞癌、获得性囊性疾病相关性肾细胞癌(acquired cystic disease-associated RCC)和透明细胞乳头状肾细胞癌(clear cell papillary RCC)。蓝皮书推荐WHO/国际泌尿病理学会肾肿瘤分级系统供临床采用,并修改了肾乳头状腺瘤的定义。基于人乳头状瘤病毒的合并感染情况,WHO对阴茎鳞状细胞癌重新分类,确定了相应的组织学亚型。对于侵袭性生殖细胞肿瘤的前驱病变,WHO推荐使用睾丸原位生殖细胞瘤(germ cell neoplasia in situ,GCNIS)作为规范术语,并将睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤分为完全不同的两类:源自GCNIS的睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤和与CNIS无关的睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤。在2016年WHO分类中,精母细胞性精原细胞瘤(spermatocytic seminoma)被认定为精母细胞性肿瘤,并隶属于非GCNIS相关性肿瘤。 | holger moch antonio l.cubilla peter a.humphrey victor e.reuter thomas m.ulbright 彭洋(译) 关键(校) | 2018 | 影像诊断与介入放射学2018，27，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Thedual pathogenesisofpenileneoplasia: The heterogeneous morphology of human papillomavirus-relatedtumors显示文摘Objective:Penile neoplasia,usually of squamous histogenesis,is currently classfied into human papillomavirus(HPV)-related or-dependent and non-HPV-related or-indepen dent.There are distinct morphological differences among the two groups.New research studies on penile cancer from Northern countries showed that the presence of HPV is corre lated with a better prognosis than virus negative people,while studies in Southern countries had not confirmed,perhaps due to differences in staging or treatment.Methods:We focused on the description of the HPV.related carcinomas of the penis.The approach was to describe common clinical features followed by the pathological features of each entity or subtype stressing the characteristics for differential diagnosis,HPV genotypes,and prognostic features of the invasive carcinomas.Similar structure was followed for penile intraepithelial neoplasia,except for prognosis because of the scant evidence available.Results:Most of HPV-related lesions can be straightforwardly recognized by routine hematoxylin and eosin stains,but in some cases surrogate p16 immunohistochemical staining or molecular methods such as in situ hybridization or polymerase chain reaction can be utilized.Currently,there are eight tumor invasive variants associated with HPV,as follows:basaloid,warty,warty-basaloid,papillary basaloid,clear cell,medullary,lymphoepithelioma-like,and giant condylomas with malignant transformation.Conclusion:This review presents and describes the heterogeneous clinical,morphological,and genatypic features of the HPV-related subtypes of invasive and non-invasive penile neoplasia. | Alcides Chaux Diego F.Sanchez Maria Jose Fernandez-Nestosa Sofia Canete-Portillo Ingrid M.Rodriguez Giovanna A.Giannico Antonio L.Cubilla | 2022 | Asian Journal of Urology2022，9，4： | 0 |
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