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| 1 | Presentation and surgical management of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis显示文摘Background:Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(XGC)is a rare benign chronic inflammatory disease of the gallbladder that often presents as cholecystitis and most of the times requires surgical management.In addition,distinguishing XGC from gallbladder cancer preoperatively is still a challenge.The aim of the present systematic review was to outline the clinical presentation and surgical approach of XGC.Data sources:The present systematic review was designed using the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines.We searched MEDLINE,Scopus,Clinicaltrials.gov,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)and Google Scholar databases from inception until June 2020.Results:The laparoscopic cholecystectomy rate(34%)was almost equal to the open cholecystectomy rate(47%)for XGC.An important conversion rate(35%)was observed as well.The XGC cases treated by surgery were associated with low mortality(0.3%),limited intraoperative blood loss(58-270 m L),low complication rates(2%–6%),along with extended operative time(82.6–120 minutes for laparoscopic and 59.6–240 minutes for open cholecystectomy)and hospital stay(3–9 days after laparoscopic and 8.3–18 days after open cholecystectomy).Intraoperative findings during cholecystectomies for XGC included empyema or Mirizzi syndrome.In addition,complex surgical procedures,like wedge hepatic resections and bile duct excision were required during operations for XGC.Conclusions:XGC seemed to be a rare,benign inflammatory disease that presents similar features as gallbladder cancer.The mortality and complication rates of XGC were low,despite the complex surgical procedures that might be required in some cases. | Maximos Frountzas Dimitrios Schizas Efstathia Liatsou Konstantinos P Economopoulos Christina Nikolaou Konstantinos G Apostolou Konstantinos G Toutouzas Evangelos Felekouras | 2021 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2021，20，2： | 4 |
| 2 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant-cells:role in defense and signal transduction 显示文摘 | HEINSTEIN P F LOW P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 3 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elieitation of cultural plant cells 显示文摘 | Apostol I Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 4 | Population genetics with RAPD-PCR markers: the breeding structure of Aedes aegypti in Puerto Rico显示文摘 | Apostol B L Black W C Reiter P | 1996 | Heredity1996，76，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Cancer stem ceils sternness transcription factors expression correlates with breast cancer disease stage 显示文摘 | Apostolou P Toloudi M Chatziioannou M | 2012 | Curt Stem Cell Res Ther2012，7，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Characterizing the composition of intestinal microflora as a prospective treatment target in infant alergic disease 显示文摘 | KIRJAVAINEN P V APOSTOLOU E ARVOLA T | 2001 | FEMS Immmunol Med Microbiol2001，32，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of culturel plant cells显示文摘 | Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 8 | Lack of as- sociation between ACE ID polymorphism and colorectal cancer in Romanian patients显示文摘 | Toma M Cimponeriu D Apostol P | 2009 | Chirurgia (Bucur)2009，104，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Syphilis:The International Challenge ofthe Great Imitator显示文摘 | GENEVIEVE P DOMANTAY -APOSTOL M D EVANGELINE B | 2008 | Dermatol Clin2008，，26： | 1 |
| 10 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells显示文摘 | APOSTOL I HEINSTEIN P F LOW P S | 1998 | Plant Phsiol1998，90，： | 1 |
| 11 | A universal predictor based on pattern matching显示文摘 | JACQUET P SZPANKOWSKI W APOSTOL I | 2002 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2002，48，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells:role in defense and signal transduction显示文摘 | Apostol I Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiology1989，90，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cell显示文摘 | Apostol I Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 14 | AAA ATPase p97/valosin-containing protein interacts with gp78,a ubiquitin ligase for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation显示文摘 | Zhong X Shen Y Ballar P Apostolou A Agami R Fang S | | 0，，44： | 1 |
| 15 | New aspects of probiotics-a novel approach in the management of food allergy 显示文摘 | KIRJAVAINEN P V APOSTOLOU E SALMINEN S J | 1999 | Allergy1999，54，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells : Role in defense and signal transduction 显示文摘 | Apostol J Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 17 | Relapsing polychon- dritis as a secondary phenomenon of primary systemic vasculitis 显示文摘 | Schina M Karsaliakos P Apostolou T | 2008 | Clin Nephrol2008，70，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Rapid stimulation of an oxidative burst during elicitation of cultured plant cells显示文摘 | Apostol I Heinstein P F Low P S | 1989 | Plant Physiol1989，90，： | 1 |
| 19 | A universal predictor based on pattern matching 显示文摘 | JACQUET P SZPANKOWSKI W APOSTOL I | 2002 | IEEE transactions on information theory2002，48，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Early noninvasive detection of fetal Y chromosome sequences in maternal plasma using multiplex PCR显示文摘 | Kolialexi A Tounta G Apostolou P | 2012 | Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2012，161，： | 1 |
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