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| 1 | Evaluation of common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)genotypes for drought stress adaptation in Ethiopia显示文摘Drought stress linked with climate change is one of the major constraints faced by common bean farmers in Africa and elsewhere. Mitigating this constraint requires the selection of resilient varieties that withstand drought threats to common bean production.This study assessed the drought response of 64 small red-seeded genotypes of common bean grown in a lattice design replicated twice under contrasting moisture regimes,terminal drought stress and non-stress, in Ethiopia during the dry season from November2014 to March 2015. Multiple plant traits associated with drought were assessed for their contribution to drought adaptation of the genotypes. Drought stress determined by a drought intensity index was moderate(0.3). All the assessed traits showed significantly different genotypic responses under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Eleven genotypes significantly(P ≤ 0.05) outperformed the drought check cultivar under both drought stress and non-stress conditions in seed yielding potential. Seed yield showed positive and significant correlations with chlorophyll meter reading, vertical root pulling resistance force, number of pods per plant, and seeds per pod under both soil moisture regimes, indicating their potential use in selection of genotypes yielding well under drought stress and non-stress conditions. Clustering analysis using Mahalanobis distance grouped the genotypes into four groups showing high and significant inter-cluster distance, suggesting that hybridization between drought-adapted parents from the groups will provide the maximum genetic recombination for drought tolerance in subsequent generations. | Kwabena Darkwa Daniel Ambachew Hussein Mohammed Asrat Asfaw Matthew W.Blair | 2016 | The Crop Journal2016，4，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Trait associations in common bean genotypes grown under drought stress and field infestation by BSM bean fly显示文摘Understanding functional relations among plant traits and their modulation by growing conditions is imperative in designing selection strategies for breeding programs. This study assessed trait relationships among 196 common bean genotypes exposed to stresses for drought and field infestation of bean fly or bean stem maggot(BSM). The study was carried out at two locations and data was analyzed with linear correlation, path coefficient and genotype × trait biplot analyses. Multiple trait data related to mechanisms of drought and bean fly tolerance were collected on 196 genotypes grown under i) water deficit at mid-pod fill, or ii) unprotected against bean fly; iii) irrigated, well watered conditions, or iv) bean fly protection with chemicals. Seed yield exhibited positive and significant correlations with leaf chlorophyll content, vertical root pulling resistance, pod harvest index, pods per plant and seeds per pod at both phenotypic and genotypic levels under stress and non-stress conditions. Genotypic correlations of traits with seed yield were greater than their respective phenotypic correlations across environments indicating the greater contribution of genotypic factors to the trait correlation. Pods per plant and seeds per pod had high positive direct effects on seed yield both under stress and non-stress whereas pods per plant had the highest indirect effect on seed yield through pod harvest index under stress.In general, our results suggest that vertical root pulling resistance and pod harvest index are important selection objectives for improving seed yield in common beans under non-stress and stress conditions, and particularly useful for drought and BSM tolerance evaluation. | Daniel Ambachew Firew Mekbib Asrat Asfaw Stephen E.Beebe Matthew W.Blair | 2015 | The Crop Journal2015，3，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Farmers’perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in the Dabus watershed,North-West Ethiopia显示文摘Introduction:This study is aimed at analyzing farmers’perception and adaptation to climate change in the Dabus watershed.It is based on analysis of data collected from 734 randomly selected farm household heads substantiated with Focus Group Discussions and field observations.Methods:The study employed descriptive methods to assess farmers’perception of climate change,local indicators of climate change and types of adaptation measures exercised to cope up with the risk of the change in climate.The study also employed the Heckman sample selection model to analyze the two-step process of adaptation to climate change which initially requires farmers’perception that climate is changing prior to responding to the changes through adaptation measures.Results:Based on the model result educational attainment,the age of the head of the household,the number of crop failures in the past,changes in temperature and precipitation significantly influenced farmers’perception of climate change in wet lowland parts of the study area.In dry lowland condition,farming experience,climate information,duration of food shortage,and the number of crop failures experienced determined farmers’perception of climate change.Farmers’adaptation decision in both the wet and dry lowland conditions is influenced by household size,the gender of household head,cultivated land size,education,farm experience,non-farm income,income from livestock,climate information,extension advice,farm-home distance and number of parcels.However,the direction of influence and significance level of most of the explanatory variables vary between the two parts of the study area.Conclusions:In line with the results,any intervention that promotes the use of adaptation measures to climate change may account for location-specific factors that determine farmers'perception of climate change and adaptive responses thereof. | Paulos Asrat Belay Simane | 2018 | Ecological Processes2018，7，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Silti woreda, Ethiopia: risk factor assessment and causative agent identification显示文摘 | Edessa Negera Endalamaw Gadisa Lawrence Yamuah Howard Engers Jemal Hussein Teklu Kuru Asrat Hailu Lashitew Gedamu Abraham Aseffa | 2008 | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2008，，9： | 2 |
| 5 | Intraventricular haemorrhage and maternal brain death associated with antepartum cocaine abuse显示文摘 | Iriye BK Asrat T Adashek JA | 1995 | Br J Obstet Gynaecol1995，102，： | 1 |
| 6 | Throat carriage rate andantimicrobial susceptibility pattern of group A Streptococci ( GAS)in healthy Ethiopian school children 显示文摘 | Abdissa A Asrat D Kronvall G | 2011 | Ethiop Med J2011，49，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Ramarao P:Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat:a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，： | 1 |
| 8 | Contemporary diagnosis and management of a uterine arteriovenous malformation显示文摘 | Brown JV Asrat T Epstein HD | 2008 | Obstet Gynecol2008，112，22： | 1 |
| 9 | Occurrence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella species from Harar region, eastern Ethiopia显示文摘 | Seid J Asrat D | 2005 | Acta Trop2005，95，2： | 1 |
| 10 | The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen and deoxyribonucleic acid in amniotic fluid and cord blood显示文摘 | Towers CV Asrat T Rumney P | 2001 | AmJ Obstet Gynecol2001，184，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | SRINIVASAN K VISWANAD B ASRAT L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose stmptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat:a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening 显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Combination of high - fat di- et - fed and low - dose streptozotocintreated rat: a model for type 2diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening 显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，： | 1 |
| 17 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Combination of high fat diet fed and low dose streptozotocin treated rat: a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，： | 1 |
| 19 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat:a model for type 2 diabetes and pharmacol-ogical screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Combination of high-fat diet-fed and low-dose streptozotocin-treated rat:amodel for type-2diabetes and pharmacological screening显示文摘 | Srinivasan K Viswanad B Asrat L | 2005 | Pharmacol Res2005，52，： | 1 |
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