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| 1 | Seasonal water storage change of the Yangtze River basin detected by GRACE显示文摘US-Germany co-sponsered satellite gravimetry mission GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment), launched in March 2002, has been producing monthly time series of Earth gravity models up to degree and order of 120. The GRACE mission consists of two identical satellites flying on an almost polar orbit with an altitude of about 300-500 km and satelite-to-satellite ranging of about 220 km. Thanks to the payloads of space-borne GPS receivers, accelerometers and high-precision K-band satelite-to-satellite ranging mesurements, GRACE gravity models are expected to achieve more than one order of magnitude of improvement over previous models at spatial scales of a few hundred kilometers or larger. Recovery of surface mass re-distribution based on GRACE’s time-varying gravity models is applied to studies in solid Earth geophysics, oceanography, climatology and geodesy. At secular time scales, GRACE is expected to provide valuable information on global ice changes, whose variations have profound influences on global climate, and in particular, on sea level changes. At seasonal time scales, GRACE is expected to reveal surface water changes with an ac- curacy of less than 1 cm, or ocean bottom pressure changes with an accuracy of less than 1 mbar (1 mbar =102 Pa). These surface mass redistribution measurements would impove our understanding of the global and regional mass and energy cycles that are critical to human life. Using 15 GRACE monthly gravity models covering the period from April 2002 to December 2003, this study compares seasonal water storage changes recovered from GRACE data and hydrology models at global and regional scales, with particular focus on the Yangtze River basin of China. Annual amplitude of 3.4 cm of equivalent water height change is found for the Yangtze River basin with maximum in Spring and Autumn, agreeing with two state-of-the-art hydrology models. The differences between GRACE re- sults and model predictions are less than 1-2 cm. We conclude that satellite gravimetry has huge potentials in monitering water storage changes in large river basins such as Yangtze. | HU Xiaogong1, CHEN Jianli1,2, ZHOU Yonghong1, HUANG Cheng1 & LIAO Xinhao1 1. Center for Astro-geodynamics Research, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Shanghai 200030, China 2. Center for Space Research, University of Texas at Austin, 3925 W. Braker Lane, Suite 200, Austin, TX78750, USA | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，5： | 29 |
| 2 | Roles of Fas signaling pathway in vitamin E succinateinduced apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells显示文摘AIM: To investigate the roles of Fas signaling pathway in vitamin E succinate-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS: Human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells were treated with VES at 5, 10, 20 mg@L-1, succinic acid and vitamin E as vehicle control and condition media only as untreated (UT) control. Apoptotic morphology was observed by DAPI staining. Western blot analysis was applied to measure the expression of Fas, FADD and caspase-8 proteins. After the cells were transiently transfected with Fas and FADD antisense oligonucleotides, respectively, caspase-8 activity was determined by flurometric method.RESULTS: The morphologically apoptotic changes were observed after VES treatment by DAPI staining. 23.7 % and 89.6 % apoptosis occurred after 24 h and 48 h of 20 mg@L-1 VES treatment, respectively. The protein levels of Fas, FADD and caspase-8 were evidently increased in a dose-dependent manner after 24 h of VES treatment. The blockage of Fas by transfection with Fas antisense oligonucleotides obviously inhibited the expression of FADD protein. After SGC-7901 cells were transfected with Fas and FADD antisense oligonucleotides, caspase-8 activity was obviously decreased (P<0.01), whereas Fas blocked more than FADD.CONCLUSION: VES-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells involves Fas signaling pathway including the interaction of Fas, FADD and caspase-8. | Kun Wu Yao Li Yan Zhao Yu-Juan Shah Wei Xia Lan Zhao,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Public Health School,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang Province,China Wei-Ping Yu,Genetics Institute,Texas University of USA,Austin,USA | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，6： | 30 |
| 3 | Effectiveness of exercise in hepatic fat mobilization in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy of exercise interventions on hepatic fat mobilization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) patients.METHODS: Ovid-Medline, Pub Med, EMBASE and Cochrane database were searched for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies in adults aged ≥ 18 which investigated the effects of at least 8 wk of exercise only or combination with diet on NAFLD from 2010 to 2016. The search terms used to identify articles, in which exercise was clearly described by type, duration, intensity and frequency were: 'NASH', 'NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis', 'non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'fat', 'steatosis', 'diet', 'exercise', 'MR spectroscopy' and 'liver biopsy'. NAFLD diagnosis, as well as the outcome measures, was confirmed by either hydrogen-magnetic resonance spectroscopy(H-MRS) or biopsy. Trials that included dietary interventions along with exercise were accepted if they met all criteria. RESULTS: Eight studies met selection criteria(6 with exercise only, 2 with diet and exercise with a total of 433 adult participants). Training interventions ranged between 8 and 48 wk in duration with a prescribed exercise frequency of 3 to 7 d per week, at intensities between 45% and 75% of VO2 peak. The most commonly used imaging modality was H-MRS and one study utilized biopsy. The effect of intervention on fat mobilization was 30.2% in the exercise only group and 49.8% in diet and exercise group. There was no difference between aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, although only one study compared thetwo interventions. The beneficial effects of exercise on intrahepatic triglyceride(IHTG) were seen even in the absence of significant weight loss. Although combining an exercise program with dietary interventions augmented the reduction in IHTG, as well as improved measures of glucose control and/or insulin sensitivity, exercise only significantly decreased hepatic lipid contents.CONCLUSION: Prescribed exercise in subjects with NAFLD reduces IHTG independent of dietary intervention. Diet and exercise was more effective than exercise alone in reducing IHTG. | Pegah Golabi Cameron T Locklear Patrick Austin Sophie Afdhal Melinda Byrns Lynn Gerber Zobair M Younossi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，27： | 30 |
| 4 | A Comparison of the Bacterial Microflora between Coastal Sites in Qingdao, P.R. China and Loch Fyne, Scotland显示文摘Aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria, recovered from two sites located on the west coast of Scotland, were compared to cultures obtained in a similar way from industrial, aquacultural and clean sites in the vicinity of Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China. Gram-negative bacterial cultures were examined by BIOLOG-GN, and the data analysed by the simple matching (S SM) and Jaccard coefficients (S J) and unweighted average linkage clustering using NTSys. The output revealed that 20% of the bacteria, namely, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Aquaspirillum dispar, Pseudomonas spp. (two groups), Sphingobacterium sp., Vibrio sp., V. campbellii, V. mimicus and V. hollisae, were common between the two geographical locations. However, the study revealed shortcomings with the BIOLOG-GN system for the study of coastal Gram-negative bacteria. | MacInnes J. Robertson P.A.W. Austin B. | 2002 | Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao2002，1，2： | 20 |
| 5 | USING DISPLACED CONE REPRESENTATION IN DEA MODELS FOR NONDOMINATED SOLUTIONSIN MULTIOBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING显示文摘Concepts revolving around 'displaced cones' are used to extend the ideas of nondominated solutions in multiobjective programming. Necessary and sufficient conditions are formed around the additive models of DEA to idelltify nondominated solutions. This provdes a basis for effecting contacts with other disciplines and other parts of DEA. | W. W. Cooper (Graduate School Of Business, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA 78712-1174)WEI Quanling (Department of Information Management, People’s University of China, Beliing 100872, China) G. Yu (Department of MSIS, University of Texas | 1997 | Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences1997，10，1： | 17 |
| 6 | Ca^(2+) signalling in cardiovascular disease:the role of the plasma membrane calcium pumps显示文摘The plasma membrane calcium ATPases(PMCA) are a family of genes which extrude Ca2+from the cell and are involved in the maintenance of intracellular free calcium levels and/or with Ca2+signalling,depending on the cell type.In the cardiovascular system,Ca2+ is not only essential for contraction and relaxation but also has a vital role as a second messenger in signal transduction pathways.A complex array of mechanisms regulate intracellular free calcium levels in the heart and vasculature and a failure in these systems to maintain normal Ca2+homeostasis has been linked to both heart failure and hypertension.This article focuses on the functions of PMCA,in particular isoform 4(PMCA4) ,in the heart and vasculature and the reported links between PMCAs and contractile function,cardiac hypertrophy,cardiac rhythm and sudden cardiac death,and blood pressure control and hypertension.It is becoming clear that this family of calcium extrusion pumps have essential roles in both cardiovascular health and disease. | Elizabeth J.CARTWRIGHT Delvac OCEANDY Clare AUSTIN Ludwig NEYSES | 2011 | Science China(Life Sciences)2011，54，8： | 12 |
| 7 | DEGREE OF APPROXIMATION BY SUPERPOSITIONS OF A SIGMOIDAL FUNCTION显示文摘In this paper we study the degree of approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function.We mainlyconsider the univariate case.If f is a continuous function,we prove that for any bounded sigmoidalfunction σ,dn,σ(f)≤‖σ‖ω(f,1/(n+1)).For the Heaviside function H(x),we prove that dn,H(f)≤ω(f,1/(2(n+1))).If f is a continuous funnction of bounded variation,we prove that dn,σ(f)≤‖σ‖/(n+1)V(f)and dn,H(f)≤1/(2(n+1))V(f).For he Heaviside function,the coefficient 1 and the approximation orders are the bestpossible.We compare these results with the classical Jackson and Bernstein theorems,and make some conjec-tures for further study. | Chen Debao (University of Texas at Austin,USA) | 1993 | Analysis in Theory and Applications1993，9，3： | 11 |
| 8 | BCRP基因在非小细胞肺癌组织和非癌肺组织中的表达及意义显示文摘目的:进一步研究从人类乳腺癌细胞株 (MCF-7/AdrVp)中克隆出的、对蒽环类抗癌药耐药的 BCRP基因在非癌肺组织及非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达。方法:从术后即刻获得的正常肺组织和有活力的非小细胞肺癌组织新鲜标本中及时提取细胞总 RNA,通过 RT-PCR及 PCR法获得并扩增 BCRP基因的 cDNA产物,再经凝胶电泳分离 BCRP基因 cDNA带,然后再通过转膜技术把这些 BCRP基因 cDNA产物转移到杂交膜上,用 Southern blot杂交技术检测 BCRP基因的表达程度。结果:细胞总 RNA分别从 8个只有肺癌组织标本和 12对同时获取的肺癌组织及非癌肺组织标本中成功提取,然后用变性凝胶电泳鉴定提取 RNA的质量。其中 4例标本因术中缺血时间太长,或有坏死炎症或术前放化疗等原因,所提 RNA有降解而放弃进一步的检测。通过 RT-PCR及 PCR方法从 16例可用标本中获得并扩增 BCRP基因的 cDNA产物,再通过转膜及 Southern blot杂交技术,最终发现 BCRP基因在正常肺组织中均有不同程度的表达( 10/10),而在非小细胞肺癌组织标本中只有一半病人的标本有不同程度的表达 (8/16)。结论: BCRP基因可能是一个在非癌肺组织中常规表达的基因,而在部分病人的肺癌组织中可能此基因有缺失或被抑制。因此。 | 毛友生 Austin Doyle Weidong Yang Yuetong Wei Mark J.Krasna Douglas D.Ross | 2001 | 癌症2001，20，3： | 9 |
| 9 | Cluster consensus of second-order multi-agent systems via pinning control显示文摘This paper investigates the cluster consensus problem for second-order multi-agent systems by applying the pinning control method to a small collection of the agents.Consensus is attained independently for different agent clusters according to the community structure generated by the group partition of the underlying graph and sufficient conditions for both cluster and general consensus are obtained by using results from algebraic graph theory and the LaSalle Invariance Principle.Finally,some simple simulations are presented to illustrate the technique. | 路晓庆 Francis Austin 陈士华 | 2010 | Chinese Physics B2010，19，12： | 9 |
| 10 | Land Subsidence in Xiong’an New Area,China Revealed by InSAR Observations显示文摘In 2017,China’s central government approved the national strategy to build Xiong’an New Area(XNA,100 km southwest to Beijing),which was announced as a'millennium strategy'and a'demo area'for a sustainable,modern,and innovative urban model.Xiong’an will draw in as much as$380 billion investment and is expected to help accelerate the development of the wider Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(Jingjinji)Area.In this paper,present subsidence in the XNA area is investigated using InSAR observations for the first time.The 24 SAR images acquired by European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 satellites during the period from June 2017 to July 2018 suggest that in the north of Xiong County,the subsidence rate reaches up to 90 mm/y,which is highly correlated with the exploitation of geothermal drilling.As the construction in the XNA area will significantly accelerate and its high-quality development,the InSAR findings could provide valuable information for future sustainable urban planning and underground infrastructure construction. | Keren DAI Peilian RAN Zhenhong LI Julian AUSTIN Jan-Peter MULLER Qiming ZENG Jingfa ZHANG Leyin HU | 2021 | Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science2021，4，1： | 8 |
| 11 | The effects of vitamin E succinate on the expression of c-jun gene and protein in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells显示文摘AIM:Toinvestigate the effects of vitamin E succinate(VES)on the expression of c-jun gene and protein in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells.METHODS:After SGC-7901cells were treated with VESat different doses(5,10,20mg·L^-1)at different time,reverse transcription-PCR technique was used to detect the level of c-jun mRNA;Western Blot was applied to measure the expression of c-jun protein.RESULTS:After the cells were theated with VESat 20mg·L^-1for 3h,the expression rapidly reached its maximun that was3.5times of UT control(P<0.01).The level of c-jun mRNA was also increased following treatment of VESfor 6h.However the expression after treatment of VES at 5mg·L^-1for24h was 1.6tmes compared with UTcontrol(P<0.01),Western blot analysis showed that the level of c-jun protein was obviusly elevated in VES-treated SGC-7901cells at 20mg·L^-1for3h,The expression of c-jun protein was gradually increased after treatment of VES at 20mg·L^-1for3,6,12and24h,respectively,with an evident time-effect relationship.CONCONCLUSION:The levels of c-jun mRNA and protein in VES-treated SGC-7901cells were increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner;the expression of c-jun was prolonged by VES,indicating that c-jun is involvedin VES-induced apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells. | Yah Zhao Kun Wu Wei Xia Yu-Juan Shan Li-Jie Wu Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,Public Health School,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang Province,China Wei-Ping Yu Genetics Institute,Texas University of USA,Austin,USA | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，5： | 8 |
| 12 | 妊娠母猪的饲养管理要点显示文摘1饲养目标
妊娠期间饲养管理的目标是准备分娩和哺乳。妊娠前期的饲养目标是确保胚胎存活,使其分娩更多仔猪;妊娠中期(30~75d)的饲养目标是保证胎儿发育、增加母猪体储(小母猪生长达到体成熟,或补充上一哺乳期造成的体储降低);妊娠后期的饲养目标是保证胎儿继续快速发育、促进乳腺组织发育准备泌乳。 | 武书庚 Austin J.Lewis | 2008 | 中国畜牧杂志2008，44，16： | 7 |
| 13 | Investigation of effect of near-fault motions on substandard bridge structures显示文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of near-fault ground motions on substandard bridge columns and piers. To accomplish these goals, several large scale reinforced concrete models were constructed and tested on a shake table using near- and far-field ground motion records. Because the input earthquakes for the test models had different characteristics, three different measures were used to evaluate the effect of the input earthquake. These measures are peak shake table acceleration, spectral acceleration at the fundamental period of the test specimens, and the specimen drift ratios. For each measure, force-displacement relationships, strains, curvatures, drift ratios, and visual damage were evaluated. Results showed that regardless of the measure of input or response, the near-fault record generally led to larger strains, curvatures, and drift ratios. Furthermore, residual displacements were small compared to those for columns meeting current seismic code requirements. | Austin Brown M. Saiid Saiidi | 2011 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2011，10，1： | 7 |
| 14 | Vibrioharveyi: a serious pathogen offish and invertebrates in mariculture显示文摘Vibrio harveyi,which belongs to family Vibrionaceae of class G cunmap rote obacte ria,includes the species V.car char iae and V.trachuri as its junior synonyms.The organism is a well-recognized and serious bacterial pathogen of marine fish and invertebrates,including penaeid shrimp,in aquaculture.Diseased fish may exhibit a range of lesions,including eye lesions/blindness,gastro-enteritis,muscle necrosis,skin ulcers,and tail rot disease.In shrimp,V.harveyi is regarded as the etiological agent of luminous vibriosis in which affected animals glow in the dark.There is a second condition of shrimp known as Bolitas negricans where the digestive tract is filled with spheres of sloughed-off tissue.It is recognized that the pathogenicity mechanisms of V.harveyi may be different in fish and penaeid shrimp.In shrimp,the pathogenicity mechanisms involved the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide,and extracellular proteases,and interaction with bacteriophages.In fish,the pathogenicity mechanisms involved extracellular hemolysin(encoded by duplicate hemolysin genes),which was identified as a phospholipase B and could inactivate fish cells by apoptosis,via the caspase activation pathway.V.harveyi may enter the so-called viable but nonculturable(VBNC)state,and resuscitation of the VBNC cells may be an important reason for vibriosis outbreaks in aquaculture.Disease control measures center on dietary supplements(including probiotics),nonspecific immunostimulants,and vaccines and to a lesser extent antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds. | Xiao-Hua Zhang Xinxin He Brian Austin | 2020 | Marine Life Science & Technology2020，2，3： | 6 |
| 15 | Direct laser writing of volumetric gradient index lenses and waveguides显示文摘Direct laser writing(DLW)has been shown to render 3D polymeric optical components,including lenses,beam expanders,and mirrors,with submicrometer precision.However,these printed structures are limited to the refractive index and dispersive properties of the photopolymer.Here,we present the subsurface controllable refractive index via beam exposure(SCRIBE)method,a lithographic approach that enables the tuning of the refractive index over a range of greater than 0.3 by performing DLW inside photoresist-filled nanoporous silicon and silica scaffolds.Adjusting the laser exposure during printing enables 3D submicron control of the polymer infilling and thus the refractive index and chromatic dispersion.Combining SCRIBE’s unprecedented index range and 3D writing accuracy has realized the world’s smallest(15μm diameter)spherical Luneburg lens operating at visible wavelengths.SCRIBE’s ability to tune the chromatic dispersion alongside the refractive index was leveraged to render achromatic doublets in a single printing step,eliminating the need for multiple photoresins and writing sequences.SCRIBE also has the potential to form multicomponent optics by cascading optical elements within a scaffold.As a demonstration,stacked focusing structures that generate photonic nanojets were fabricated inside porous silicon.Finally,an all-pass ring resonator was coupled to a subsurface 3D waveguide.The measured quality factor of 4600 at 1550 nm suggests the possibility of compact photonic systems with optical interconnects that traverse multiple planes.SCRIBE is uniquely suited for constructing such photonic integrated circuits due to its ability to integrate multiple optical components,including lenses and waveguides,without additional printed supports. | Christian R.Ocier Corey A.Richards Daniel A.Bacon-Brown Qing Ding Raman Kumar Tanner J.Garcia Jorik van de Groep Jung-Hwan Song Austin J.Cyphersmith Andrew Rhode Andrea N.Perry Alexander J.Littlefield Jinlong Zhu Dajie Xie Haibo Gao Jonah F.Messinger Mark L.Brongersma Kimani C.Toussaint Jr Lynford L.Goddard Paul V.Braun | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 6 |
| 16 | Axial length development in children显示文摘AIM: To study ocular axial lengths in pediatric subjects without intraocular pathology. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board-approved consecutive retrospective chart review of axial lengths measured in pediatric subjects who underwent examination under anesthesia due to positive family history of retinoblastoma or other inherited ocular disease. Only subjects without any intraocular pathology in either eye were included. Subjects were stratified into age groups. An axial length model using a logarithmic regression algorithm was calculated.RESULTS: Data from 330 eyes of 165 subjects were included in the study. The mean age at the time of examination was 30.62(SD 18.04)mo. The steepest increase in axial length was present during the first 10 mo of life. After 36 mo, there was no statistically significant axial length growth. CONCLUSION: This study presents the biggest series of pediatric axial lengths in healthy eyes. The axial length model developed with these data may assist in the diagnosis and management of a wide variety of pediatric ophthalmic diseases. | Austin Bach Victor M.Villegas Aaron S.Gold Wei Shi Timothy G.Murray | 2019 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2019，12，5： | 6 |
| 17 | Viable but nonculturable bacteria and their resuscitation:implications for cultivating uncultured marine microorganisms显示文摘Culturing has been the cornerstone of microbiology since Robert Koch first successfully cultured bacteria in the late nineteenth century. However, even today, the majority of microorganisms in the marine environment remain uncultivated. There are various explanations for the inability to culture bacteria in the laboratory, including lack of essential nutrients, osmotic support or incubation conditions, low growth rate, development of micro-colonies, and the presence of senescent or viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells. In the marine environment, many bacteria have been associated with dormancy, as typified by the VBNC state. VBNC refers to a state where bacteria are metabolically active, but are no longer culturable on routine growth media. It is apparently a unique survival strategy that has been adopted by many microorganisms in response to harsh environmental conditions and the bacterial cells in the VBNC state may regain culturability under favorable conditions. The resuscitation of VBNC cells may well be an important way to cultivate the otherwise uncultured microorganisms in marine environments. Many resuscitation stimuli that promote the restoration of culturability have so far been identified;these include sodium pyruvate, quorum sensing autoinducers, resuscitation-promoting factors Rpfs and YeaZ, and catalase. In this review, we focus on the issues associated with bacterial culturability, the diversity of bacteria entering the VBNC state, mechanisms of induction into the VBNC state, resuscitation factors of VBNC cells and implications of VBNC resuscitation stimuli for cultivating these otherwise uncultured microorganisms. Bringing important microorganisms into culture is still important in the era of high-throughput sequencing as their ecological functions in the marine environment can often only be known through isolation and cultivation. | Xiao-Hua Zhang Waqar Ahmad Xiao-Yu Zhu Jixiang Chen Brian Austin | 2021 | Marine Life Science & Technology2021，3，2： | 6 |
| 18 | 血管紧张素受体阻断剂预防男性人群痴呆发生风险研究:前瞻性队列分析(摘要)显示文摘目的探讨血管紧张素受体拮抗剂能否预防阿尔茨海默病和老年痴呆症,或同时减少两种疾病的进展。
设计前瞻性队列分析。
资料来源2002—2006年美国退伍军人数据库。 | Nien-Chen Li Austin Lee Rachel A Whitmer Miia Kivipelto Elizabeth Lawler Lewis E Kazis Benjamin Wolozin 夏曙(译) 于世英(校) | 2010 | 英国医学杂志中文版2010，13，2： | 5 |
| 19 | Baseline effects of lysophosphatidylcholine and nerve growth factor in a rat model of sciatic nerve regeneration after crush injury显示文摘Schwann cells play a major role in helping heal injured nerves. They help clear debris, produce neurotrophins, upregulate neurotrophin receptors, and form bands of Büngner to guide the healing nerve. But nerves do not always produce enough neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors to repair themselves. Nerve growth factor(NGF) is an important neurotrophin for promoting nerve healing and lysophosphatidylcholine(LPC) has been shown to stimulate NGF receptors(NGFR). This study tested the administration of a single intraneural injection of LPC(1 mg/mL for single LPC injection and 10 mg/mL for multiple LPC injections) at day 0 and one(day 7), two(days 5 and 7), or three(days 5, 7, and 9) injections of NGF(160 ng/mL for single injections and 80 ng/mL for multiple injections) to determine baseline effects on crush ed sciatic nerves in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, crush, crush-NGF, and crush-LPC-NGF. The healing of the nerves was measured weekly by monitoring gait; electrophysiological parameters: compound muscle action potential(CMAP) amplitudes; and morphological parameters: total fascicle areas, myelinated fiber counts, fiber densities, fiber packing, and mean g-ratio values at weeks 3 and 6. The crush, crush-NGF, and crush-LPC-NGF groups statistically differed from the control group for all six weeks for the electrophysiological parameters but only differed from the control group at week 3 for the morphological parameters. The crush, crush-NGF, and crush-LPC-NGF groups did not differ from each other over the course of the study. Single injections of LPC and NGF one week apart or multiple treatments of NGF at 5, 7 and 9 days post-injury did not alter the healing rate of the sciatic nerves during weeks 1-6 of the study. These findings are important to define the baseline effects of NGF and LPC injections, as part of a larger effort to determine the minimal dose regimen of NGF to regenerate peripheral nerves. | Ryan L.Wood Keaton S.Karlinsey Austin D.Thompson Mark N.Rigby Greggory D.Boatright William G.Pitt Beverly L.Roeder Scott C.Steffensen Alonzo D.Cook | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，5： | 5 |
| 20 | Significance of Vibrio species in the marine organic carbon cycle-A review显示文摘The genus Vibrio,belonging to Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria,is a genetically and ecologically diverse group of heterotrophic bacteria,that are ubiquitous in marine environments,especially in coastal areas.In particular,vibrios dominate,i.e.up to 10%of the readily culturable marine bacteria in these habitats.The distribution of Vibrio spp.is shaped by various environmental parameters,notably temperature,salinity and dissolved organic carbon.Vibriospp.may utilize a wide range of organic carbon compounds,including chitin(this may be metabolized by most Vibrio spp.),alginic acid and agar.Many Vibrio spp.have very short replication times(as short as~10 min),which could facilitate them developing into high biomass content albeit for relatively short durations.Although Vibriospp.usually comprise a minor portion(typically^1%of the total bacterioplankton in coastal waters)of the total microbial population,they have been shown to proliferate explosively in response to various nutrient pulses,e.g.,organic nutrients from algae blooms and iron from Saharan dust.Thus,Vibrio spp.may exert large impacts on marine organic carbon cycling especially in marginal seas.Genomics and related areas of investigation will reveal more about the molecular components and mechanisms involved in Vibrio-mediated biotransformation and remineralization processes. | Xiaohua ZHANG Heyu LIN Xiaolei WANG Brian AUSTIN | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，10： | 5 |
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