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| 1 | The IAP family: endogenous caspase inhibitors with multiple biological activities显示文摘IAPs (inhibitors of apoptosis) are a family of proteins containing one or more characteristic BIR domains. These proteins have multiple biological activities that include binding and inhibiting caspases, regulating cell cycle progression, and modulating receptor-mediated signal transduction. Our recent studies found the IAP family members XIAP and c-IAP1 are ubiquitinated and degraded in proteasomes in response to apoptotic stimuli in T cells, and their degradation appears to be important for T cells to commit to death. In addition to three BIR domains, each of these IAPs also contains a RING finger domain.We found this region confers ubiquitin protease ligase (E3) activity to IAPs, and is responsible for the auto-ubiquitination and degradation of IAPs after an apoptotic stimulus. Given the factthat IAPs can bind a variety of proteins, such as caspases and TRAFs, it will be of interest to characterize potential substrates of the E3 activity of IAPs and the effects of ubiquitination byIAPs on signal transduction, cell cycle, and apoptosis. | YANG YI LI, XIAO MING LI(Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA) | 2000 | Cell Research2000,10,3: | 19 |
| 2 | Spatial and temporal regulation of collagenases-3, -4,and stromelysin -3 implicates distinct functions in apoptosis and tissue remodeling during frog metamorphosis显示文摘Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of extracellular proteases capable of degrading various proteinaceous components of the extracellular matrix (ECM).They have been implicated to play important roles in a number of developmental and pathological processes, such as tumor metastasis and inflammation. Relatively few studies have been carried out to investigate the function of MMPs during postembryonic organ-development. Using Xenopus laevis development as a model system, we demonstrate here that three MMPs, stromelysin-3 (ST3),collagenases-3 (Col3), and Col4, have distinct spatial and temporal expression profiles during metamorphosis as the tadpole transforms into a frog. In situ hybridizations reveal a tight, but distinct, association of individual MMPs with tissue remodeling in the tail and intestine during metamorphosis. In particular, ST3 expression is strongly correlated with apoptosis in both organs as demonstrated by analyses of serial sections with in situ hybridization for ST3 mRNA and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling) for apoptosis, respectively. On the other hand, Col3 and Col4 MMPs in Xenopus laevis development are present in regions where extensive connective tissue remodeling take place. These results indicate that ST3 is likely to play a role in ECM-remodeling that facilitateapoptotic tissue remodeling or resorption while Col3 and Col4 appear to participate in connective tissue degradation during development. | DAMJANOVSKI SASHKO ATSUKO ISHIZUYAOKA YUN-BO SHI (Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, Building 18T, Rm. 106, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA)(Department Of Histology and | 1999 | Cell Research1999,9,2: | 3 |
| 3 | Selenocysteine tRNAs as Central Components of Selenoprotein Biosynthesis in Eukaryotes显示文摘Selenocysteine (Sec) tRNAs serve as carrier molecules for the biosynthesis of Sec from serine and to donate Sec to protein in response to specific UGA codons. In this study, we describe the current status of Sec tRNAs in higher animals and further we exarnine: (i) the Sec tRNA population in Drosophila; (ii) transcription of the Sec tRNA in vivo (in Xenopus oocytes) and in vitro (in Xenopus oocyte extracts); (iii) the effect of selenium on the Sec tRNA population in various rat tissues following replenishment of extremely selenium deficient rats with this element; and (iv) the biosynthesis of the modified bases on Sec tRNA in Xenopus | SANG ICK PARK JIN Mo PARK HAROLD S. CHITTUM EUN SUNG YANG BRADLEY A. CARLSON BYEONG JAE LEE AND DOLPH L. HATFIELD(Laboratory of Experimental Chrcinogenesis, National Cancer Insti tute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892USA Laboratory o | 1997 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1997,10,2: | 2 |
| 4 | Department of Health and Human Service, Public Health, National Institutes of Health 显示文摘 | Bethesda US | 1998 | United States Renal Data System Report1998,4,: | 1 |
| 5 | National Cancer Institute Workshop 显示文摘 | The 1998 Bethesda Systerm for Reporting Cervical/vaginal Cytologi- cal Diagnosis | 1989 | JA-MA1989,262,7: | 1 |
| 6 | Seven-year outcome in the Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation(BARI)by treatment and diabetic status显示文摘 | National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Bethesda Maryland USA | 2000 | Am Coll Cardiol2000,35,5: | 1 |
| 7 | Fast B-spline Transform for Continuous Image Representation and Interpo- lation显示文摘 | Unser M Bethesda M Aldroubi A | 1991 | Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence1991,,27: | 1 |
| 8 | Antioxidant nutrients and chronic disease:Use of biomarkers of exposure and oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research显示文摘 | | 2003 | The Journal of Nutrition2003,133,3: | 1 |
| 9 | Technical and clinical assessment of flurescence insitu hybridization : an ACMG/ASHGA position statement显示文摘 | Test and Technology Transfer Committee American College ofMedical Genetics 9650 Rockville Pike Bethesda MD 20814-3998 United States | 2000 | GenetMed2000,2,6: | 1 |
| 10 | National Cancer Institute Workshop显示文摘 | The 1988 Bethesda System for reporting cervical/vaginal cytological diagnoses | 1989 | JAMA1989,262,7: | 1 |
| 11 | Department of health and human service, Public Health, National institutes of Health 显示文摘 | Bethesda US | 1998 | United States Renal Data System Report1998,79,: | 1 |
| 12 | National Cancer Institute Workshop显示文摘 | The 1988 Bethesda System for reporting cervical vaginal cytological diagnoses | 1989 | JMAM1989,262,7: | 1 |
| 13 | Steroid receptors in breast cancer: an NIH Consensus Development Conference显示文摘 | Bethesda Maryland | 1980 | Cancer (Phila)1980,,: | 1 |
| 14 | National cancer institute workshop显示文摘 | The 1998 Bethesda system for reporting cervical/vaginal cytological diagnosis | 1989 | JAMA1989,267,7: | 1 |
| 15 | Is there a place for magnesium in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction显示文摘 | SEELIG M S ELIN R J BETHESDA | 1996 | Am Heart J1996,132,: | 1 |
| 16 | Major ancmalies of coronary arterial origin seen in adulthood显示文摘 | Roberts W Bethesda MD | 1986 | Am Heart J1986,111,5: | 1 |
| 17 | Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program expert panel on detection,evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ)显示文摘 | Bethesda MD | 2001 | Jama2001,285,19: | 1 |
| 18 | Report of the national high blood pressure educa- tion program working group on high blood pressure in pregnancy 显示文摘 | Bethesda Maryland | 2000 | Am J Obstet Gynecol2000,183,1: | 1 |
| 19 | Report of second task force on blood pressure control in children, 1987 显示文摘 | Horanmz MJ Bethesda Bonita F | 1987 | Pediatrics1987,79,: | 1 |
| 20 | Clinically relevant approach to failure testing of all-ceramic restorations 显示文摘 | Gaitherburg Bethesda | 1999 | J Prosthet Dent1999,81,: | 1 |