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| 1 | Molecular mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards osteoblasts显示文摘Bone is a dynamic tissue that is constantly renewed by the coordinated action of two cell types, i.e., the bone-resorbing osteoclasts and the bone-forming osteoblasts. However, in some circumstances, bone regeneration exceeds bone self repair capacities. This is notably often the case after bone fractures, osteolytic bone tumor surgery, or osteonecrosis. In this regard,bone tissue engineering with autologous or allogenic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) is been widely developed. MSCs can be isolated from bone marrow or other tissues such as adipose tissue or umbilical cord, and can be implanted in bone defects with or without prior amplification and stimulation. However, the outcome of most pre-clinical studies remains relatively disappointing. A better understanding of the successive steps and molecular mechanisms involved in MSC-osteoblastic differentiation appears to be crucial to optimize MSC-bone therapy. In this review, we first present the important growth factors that stimulate osteoblastogenesis. Then we review the main transcription factors that modulate osteoblast differentiation, and the microRNAs(miRs)that inhibit their expression. Finally, we also discuss articles dealing with the use of these factors and miRs in the development of new bone MSC therapy strategies. We particularly focus on the studies using human MSCs, since significant differences exist between osteoblast differentiation mechanisms in humans and mice for instance. | Maya Fakhry René Buchet David Magne Eva Hamade Bassam Badran | 2013 | World Journal of Stem Cells2013，5，4： | 32 |
| 2 | Hepatic portal venous gas: Physiopathology, etiology, prognosis and treatment显示文摘Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG), an ominous radiologic sign, is associated in some cases with a severe underlying abdominal disease requiring urgent operative intervention. HPVG has been reported with increasing frequency in medical literature and usually accompanies severe or lethal conditions. The diagnosis of HPVG is usually made by plain abdominal radiography, sonography, color Doppler flow imaging or computed tomography (CT) scan. Currently, the increased use of CT scan and ultrasound in the inpatient setting allows early and highly sensitive detection of such severe illnesses and also the recognition of an increasing number of benign and non-life threatening causes of HPVG. HPVG is not by itself a surgical indication and the treatment depends mainly on the underlying disease. The prognosis is related to the pathology itself and is not influenced by the presence of HPVG. Based on a review of the literature, we discuss in this paper the pathophysiology, risk factors, radiographic findings, management, and prognosis of pathologies associated with HPVG. | Bassam Abboud Jad El Hachem Thierry Yazbeck Corinne Doumit | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，29： | 25 |
| 3 | Occult sporadic insulinoma: Localization and surgical strategy显示文摘Insulinomas continue to pose a diagnostic challenge to physicians, surgeons and radiologists alike. Most are intrapancreatic, benign and solitary. Biochemical diagnosis is obtained and imaging techniques to localize lesions continue to evolve. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Despite all efforts, an occult insulinoma (occult insulinoma refers to a biochemically proven tumor with indeterminate anatomical site before operation) may still be encountered. New localization preoperative techniques decreases occult cases and the knowledge of the site of the mass before surgery allows to determine whether enucleation of the tumor or pancreatic resection is likely to be required and whether the tumor is amenable to removal via a laparoscopic approach. In absence of preoperative localization and intraoperative detection of an insulinoma, blind pancreatic resection is not recommended. | Bassam Abboud Joe Boujaoude | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，5： | 21 |
| 4 | 当量比和反应物混合模式对无焰燃烧的影响显示文摘给出空气和燃料在3种初始混合模式(非预混、部分预混和完全预混)下无焰燃烧的实验结果,介绍了无焰燃烧的实现方法,研究当量比和初始混合模式对无焰燃烧的影响。实验炉在功率为7.5~15 kW下运行,当量比的变化范围为0.5~1。实验结果表明,无焰燃烧状态一旦建立则很稳定,很容易维持。无论是预混、非预混还是部分预混燃烧,其炉温差别不大,CO和NOx排放低。当量比接近1时,虽然炉内仍处于无焰燃烧状态且NOx排放量少,但CO和H2排放量都极多,此时并不是清洁燃烧。当量比小于0.98时,3种混合模式下烟气中的CO和H2含量都极低,但部分预混无焰燃烧产生的NOx排放量相对较多,而完全预混无焰燃烧的NOx排放量最低。文中还对当量比对NOx排放量的影响进行了详细分析。 | 李鹏飞 米建春 Bassam B.Dally Richard A.Craig 王飞飞 | 2011 | 中国电机工程学报2011，31，5： | 18 |
| 5 | 全髋关节置换后的股骨假体周围骨折显示文摘背景:随着全髋关节置换及翻修患者的不断增加,股骨假体周围骨折的发生率及复杂性随之增加。目的:回顾有关股骨假体周围骨折的研究文献,探讨其危险因素、预防措施、Vancouver分型和治疗方案。方法:以电子检索方式对CNKI数据库、FMJS数据库及PubMed数据库1994年9月至2012年6月收录的有关全髋关节置换后股骨假体周围骨折的研究文献进行分析,检索词为'全髋关节置换,股骨假体周围骨折'和'total hip arthroplasty,periprosthetic femoral fractures',排除报道时间较早的研究或重复研究。结果与结论:随着全髋关节置换人数的增加,置换后股骨假体周围骨折发生率正在增加。目前公认的危险因素包括年龄、性别、创伤、固定方式、假体松动、翻修、骨溶解、置换前疾病、骨质疏松、假体类型和置换技术等。熟悉及理解股骨假体周围骨折的危险因素对其预防及治疗至关重要。Vancouver分型涉及股骨假体周围骨折位置及稳定性、假体松动情况、股骨近端骨量等,是临床上常用的分型方法。临床治疗应根据骨折类型、是否有假体松及骨缺损等采用不同的方法。 | 苗绍刚 鲁宁 杨阳 陈磊杰 Bassam A.Masri | 2014 | 中国组织工程研究2014，18，4： | 16 |
| 6 | Idiopathic sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis:Abdominal cocoon显示文摘Abdominal cocoon,the idiopathic form of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis,is a rare condition of unknown etiology that results in an intestinal obstruction due to total or partial encapsulation of the small bowel by a f ibrocollagenous membrane.Preoperative diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion.The early clinical features are nonspecif ic,are often not recognized and it is diff icult to make a def inite pre-operative diagnosis.Clinical suspicion may be generated by the recurrent episodes of small intestinal obstruction combined with relevant imaging f indings and lack of other plausible etiologies.The radiological diagnosis of abdominal cocoon may now be conf idently made on computed tomography scan.Surgery is important in the management of this disease.Careful dissection and excision of the thick sac with the release of the small intestine leads to complete recovery in the vast majority of cases. | Jenny N Tannoury Bassam N Abboud | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，17： | 14 |
| 7 | Pathophysiology, epidemiology, classification and treatment options for polycystic liver diseases显示文摘Polycystic liver diseases(PLD)represent a group of genetic disorders in which cysts occur in the liver(autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease)or in combination with cysts in the kidneys(autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease).Regardless of the genetic mutations,the natural history of these disorders is alike.The natural history of PLD is characterized by a continuous increase in the volume and the number of cysts.Both genders are affected;however,women have a higher prevalence.Most patients with PLD are asymptomatic and can be managed conservatively.Severe symptoms can affect 20%of patients who develop massive hepatomegaly with compression of the surrounding organs.Rrarely,patients with PLD suffer from acutecomplications caused by the torsion of hepatic cysts,intraluminal cystic hemorrhage and infections.The most common methods for the diagnosis of PLD are cross sectional imaging studies.Abdominal ultrasound and computerized tomography are the two most frequently used investigations.Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive and specific,and it is a valuable test for patients with intravenous contrast allergies or renal dysfunction.Different treatment modalities are available to physicians caring for these patients.Medical treatment has been ineffective.Percutaneous sclerotherapy,transarterial embolization,cyst fenestration,hepatic resection and liver transplantation are indicated to specific groups of patients and have to be tailored according to the extent of disease.This review outlines the current knowledge of the pathophysiology,clinical course,diagnosis and treatment strategies of PLD. | Bassam Abu-Wasel Caolan Walsh Valerie Keough Michele Molinari | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，35： | 10 |
| 8 | Treatment options of inflammatory appendiceal masses in adults显示文摘At present, the treatment of choice for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in adults continues to be surgical. The inflammation in acute appendicitis may sometimes be enclosed by the patient's own defense mechanisms, by the formation of an inflammatory phlegmon or a circumscribed abscess. The management of these patients is controversial. Immediate appendectomy may be technically demanding. The exploration often ends up in an ileocecal resection or a right-sided hemicolectomy. Recently, the conditions for conservative management of these patients have changed due to the development of computed tomography and ultrasound, which has improved the diagnosis of enclosed inflammation and made drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses easier. New efficient antibiotics have also given new opportunities for nonsurgical treatment of complicated appendicitis. The traditional management of these patients is nonsurgical treatment followed by interval appendectomy to prevent recurrence. The need for interval appendectomy after successful nonsurgical treatment has recently been questioned because the risk of recurrence is relatively small. After successful nonsurgical treatment of an appendiceal mass, the true diagnosis is uncertain in some cases and an underlying diagnosis of cancer or Crohn's disease may be delayed. This report aims at reviewing the treatment options of patients with enclosed appendiceal inflammation, with emphasis on the success rate of nonsurgical treatment, the need for drainage of abscesses, the risk of undetected serious disease, and the need for interval appendectomy to prevent recurrence. | Jenny Tannoury Bassam Abboud | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，25： | 9 |
| 9 | Acute mesenteric ischemia after cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery显示文摘Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a highly-lethal surgical emergency. Several pathophysiologic events (arterial obstruction, venous thrombosis and diffuse vasospasm) lead to a sudden decrease in mesenteric blood flow. Ischemia/reperfusion syndrome of the intestine is responsible for systemic abnormalities, leading to multi-organ failure and death. Early diagnosis is difficult because the clinical presentation is subtle, and the biological and radiological diagnostic tools lack sensitivity and specificity. Therapeutic options vary from conservative resuscitation, medical treatment, endovascular techniques and surgical resection and revascularization. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis, and prompt treatment is the only hope of reducing the mortality rate. Studies are in progress to provide more accurate diagnostic tools for early diagnosis. AMI can complicate the post-operative course of patients following cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB). Several factors contribute to the systemic hypo-perfusion state, which is the most frequent pathophysiologic event. In this particular setting, the clinical presentation of AMI can be misleading, while the laboratory and radiological diagnostic tests often produce inconclusive results. The management strategies are controversial, but early treatment is critical for saving lives. Based on the experience of our team, we consider prompt exploratory laparotomy, irrespective of the results of the diagnostic tests, isthe only way to provide objective assessment and adequate treatment, leading to dramatic reduction in the mortality rate. | Bassam Abboud Ronald Daher Joe Boujaoude | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，35： | 9 |
| 10 | Consequences of dysthyroidism on the digestive tract and viscera显示文摘Thyroid hormones def ine basal metabolism throughout the body, particularly in the intestine and viscera. Gastrointestinal manifestations of dysthyroidism are numerous and involve all portions of the tract. Thyroid hormone action on motility has been widely studied, but more complex pathophysiologic mechanisms have been indicated by some studies although these are not fully understood. Both thyroid hormone excess and def iciency can have similar digestive manifestations, such as diarrhea, although the mechanism is different in each situation. The liver is the most affected organ in both hypo-and hyperthyroidism. Specifi c digestive diseases may be associated with autoimmune thyroid processes, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Grave's disease. Among them, celiac sprue and primary biliary cirrhosis are the most frequent although a clear common mechanism has never been proven. Overall, thyroid-related digestive manifestations were described decades ago but studies are still needed in order to conf irm old concepts or elucidate undiscovered mechanisms. All practitioners must be aware of digestive symptoms due to dysthyroidism in order to avoid misdiagnosis of rare but potentially lethal situations. | Ronald Daher Thierry Yazbeck Joe Bou Jaoude Bassam Abboud | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，23： | 9 |
| 11 | 超声造影在小肝癌诊断中的应用显示文摘肝癌是较常见且恶性程度很高的恶性肿瘤之一,早期诊断主要依赖各种影像学方法和血清甲胎蛋白的检测,但是由于小肝癌的超声表现缺乏特异性,即使应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仍存在较多困难。近年来,由于新型声学造影剂及其相关技术的发展,使超声对小肝癌的检出率明显提高,超声造影剂在临床超声诊断中的应用中取得了突破性的进展。超声造影剂的微气泡直径小(〈10μm),可通过肺循环、性能稳定,半衰期长,对人体无害,具有良好造影作用,提高显像效果且能提高肿瘤检出度。 | Bassam Al-mamari 李开艳 | 2008 | 实用医学杂志2008，24，7： | 8 |
| 12 | The microbiology of infected pancreatic necrosis显示文摘Background: Acute pancreatitis(AP) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially when it leads to infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN). Modern treatment of IPN frequently involves prolonged courses of antibiotics in combination with minimally invasive therapies. This study aimed to update the existing evidence base by identifying the pathogens causing IPN and therefore aid future selection of empirical antibiotics. Methods: Clinical data, including microbiology results, of consecutive patients with IPN undergoing minimally invasive necrosectomy at our institution between January 2009 and July 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The results of 40 patients(22 males and 18 females, median age 60 years) with IPN were reviewed. The etiology of AP was gallstones, alcohol, dyslipidemia and unknown in 31, 2, 2 and 5 patients, respectively. The most frequently identified microbes in microbiology cultures were Enterococcus faecalis and faecium(22.5% and 20.0%) and Escherichia coli(20.0%). In 19 cases the cultures grew multiple organisms. The antibiotics with the least resistance amongst the microbiota were teicoplanin(5.0%), linezolid(5.6%), ertapenem(6.5%), and meropenem(7.4%). Conclusion: The carbapenem antibiotics, ertapenem and meropenem provide good antimicrobial cover against the common, mainly enteral, microorganisms causing IPN. Culture and sensitivity results of acquired samples should be regularly reviewed to adjust prescribing and monitor for emergence of resistance. | Nicholas G.Mowbray Bassam Ben-Ismaeil Mohammed Hammoda Guy Shingler Bilal Al-Sarireh | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，5： | 5 |
| 13 | Repositioning of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 agonists as potential neuroprotective agents显示文摘Repositioning of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists is a breakthrough in the field of neural regeneration research increasing glucagon like peptide-1 bioavailability, hence its neuroprotective activities. In this article, the authors suggest not only crossing blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative disease as off target for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists, but also for ophthalmic preparations for diabetic retinopathy, which may be the latest breakthrough in the field if prepared and used in an appropriate nano-formulation to target the retinal nerves. The relation of neurodegenerative diseases' different mechanisms to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists should be further examined in preclinical and clinical settings. The repositioning of already marketed antidiabetic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases should save the high cost of the time-consuming normal drug development process. Drug repositioning is a hot topic as an alternative to molecular target based drug discovery or therapeutic switching. It is a relatively inexpensive pathway due to availability of previous pharmacological and safety data. The glucagon like peptide-1 produced in brain has been linked to enhanced learning and memory functions as a physiologic regulator in central nervous system by restoring insulin signaling. Intranasal administration of all marketed gliptins(or glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists) may show enhanced blood-brain barrier crossing and increased glucagon like peptide-1 levels in the brain after direct crossing of the drug for the olfactory region, targeting the cerebrospinal fluid. Further blood-brain barrier crossing tests may extend dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors' effects beyond the anti-hyperglycemic control to intranasal spray, intranasal powder, or drops targeting the blood-brain barrier and neurodegenerative diseases with the most suitable formula. Moreover, novel nano-formulation is encouraged either to obtain favorable pharmacokinetic parameters or to achieve promising blood-brain barrier penetration directly through the olfactory region. Many surfactants should be investigated either as a solubilizing agent for hydrophobic drugs or as penetration enhancers. Different formulae based on in vitro and in vivo characterizations, working on sister gliptins(or glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists), different routes of administration, pharmacokinetic studies, dose response relationship studies, monitoring of plasma/brain concentration ratio after single and multiple dose, and neurodegenerative disease animal models are required to prove the new method of use(utility) for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors as potential neuroprotective agents. Furthermore, investigations of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists' neuroprotective effects on animal models will be considered carefully because they crossed the blood-brain barrier in previous studies, enabling their direct action on the central nervous system. Combination therapy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors or glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists with already marketed drugs for neurodegenerative disease should be considered, especially regarding the novel intranasal route of administration. | Shaker A.Mousa Bassam M.Ayoub | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Antibacterial activities of some plant extracts alone and in combination with different antimicrobials against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the possible in vitro interaction between ethanolic extracts of Rhus coriaria[R.coriaria)(seed),Sacropoterium spinosum(S.spinosum)(seed),Rosa damascena(R. damascene)(flower) and certain known antimicrobial drugs including oxytetracycline HCl, penicillin C,cephalexin,sulfadimethoxine as sodium,and enr of loxacin.This synergy study was carried out against 3 clinical strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa).Methods:Evaluation of synergy interaction between plant extracts and antimicrobial agents was carried out using microdilution method.Results:The results of this study showed that there is a decrease in the MIC in case of combination of ethanolic plant extracts and test antimicrobial agents.The most interesting result was that the combination between R. coriaria and these antibiotics,showed a high decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC), and a strong bactericidal activity against these strains.Conclusions:These results may indicate that combinations between R.coriaria extract and these antibiotics could be useful in fighting emerging drug-resistance P.aeruginosa,which may due to that R.coriaria extract contain natural inhibitors working by different mechanisms or inhibiting efflux pumps.Now we have experiments underway leading to the identification of the active molecules present in R.coriaria.Further,in vivo experiments are needed to confirm pseudomonal protection. | Ghaleb Adwan Bassam Abu-Shanab Kamel Adwan | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，4： | 4 |
| 15 | Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of norovirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children in Lebanon显示文摘AIM To assess the burden of norovirus(No V) and to determine the diversity of circulating strains among hospitalized children in Lebanon. METHODS Stool samples were collected from children presenting with acute gastroenteritis to six major hospitals in Lebanon. A total of 739 eligible stool samples, testing negative for diarrhea caused by rotavirus as a possible viral pathogen, were collected between January 2011 and June 2013. A standardized questionnaire including demographic, epidemiological and clinical observations was used at the time of hospitalization of children presenting with diarrhea. Viral RNA was extracted from stool samples followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing of a fragment of the viral protein 1 capsid gene. Multiple sequence alignments were carried out and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the MEGA 6 software.RESULTS Overall, 11.2% of stool samples collected from children aged < 5 years tested positive for No V genogroups Ⅰ(GⅠ) and Ⅱ(GⅡ). GⅡ accounted for 10.6% of the gastroenteritis cases with only five samples being positive for GⅠ(0.7%). The majority of hospitalized children showed symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration, vomiting and fever. Upon sequencing of positive samples and based on their clustering in the phylogenetic tree, 4/5 of GⅠ gastroenteritis cases were designated GⅠ.3 and one case as GⅠ.4. GⅡ.4 was predominantly detected in stool of our study participants(68%). We report a JB-15/KOR/2008 GⅡ.4 Apeldoorn 2008-like variant strain circulating in 2011; this strain was replaced between 2012 and 2013 by a variant sharing homology with the Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AUS GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 and Sydney 2012/FRA GⅡ.4 strains. We also report the co-circulation of non-GⅡ.4 genotypes among hospitalized children. Our data show that No V gastroenteritis can occur throughout the year with the highest number of cases detected during the hot months.CONCLUSION The majority of No V-associated viral gastroenteritis cases among our participants are attributable to GⅡ.4, which is compatible with results reported worldwide. | Nada M Melhem Hassan Zaraket Khalil Kreidieh Zeinab Ali Moza Hammadi Soha Ghanem Farah Hajar Amjad Haidar Adlette Inati Mariam Rajab Hassan Fakhouri Bassam Ghanem Ghassan Baasiri Ghassan Dbaibo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 3 |
| 16 | Safety and efficacy of sorafenib for the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Abhijeet Waghray Bengi Balci Galal El‐Gazzaz Richard Kim Robert Pelley KV Narayanan Menon Bassam Estfan Carlos Romero‐Marrero Federico Aucejo | 2013 | Clin Transplant2013，，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Percutaneous aspiration and drainage with adjuvant medical therapy for treatment of hepatic hydatid cysts显示文摘AIM:To determine the efficacy and success of percutaneous aspiration irrigation and reaspiration(PAIR) in the management of hepatic hydatidosis.METHODS:Twenty-six patients with 32 hepatic hydatid cysts had PAIR.Twenty-two patients received at least 2 wk of drug therapy before the procedure was carried out to reduce the risk of recurrence from spillage during the procedure.The procedure was performed under local anesthesia with a 19-gauge 20 cm long needle,the cyst was punctured,cystic content(approximately 30 mL) was aspirated by a 12-14 F pigtail catheter and aspirated fluids were sent for analysis.Once the cyst was almost empty,two-thirds of the net amount of material aspirated was replaced by hypertonic saline and left in the cavity for about 30 min,with the catheter left in place for reaspiration of most of the fluid.When the amount of fluid drained was less than 10 mL per 24 h,the drainage catheter was removed.RESULTS:All 32 cysts showed evidence of immediate collapse after completion of the procedure,and before discharge from hospital,ultrasound examination showed fluid reaccumulation in all cysts.Serial follow-up showed a progressive decrease in the size and change in the appearance of cysts.To confirm the sterility of these cystic cavities,seven cysts were reaspirated on average 3 mo after the procedure.Investigations revealed no viable scolices.CONCLUSION:PAIR using hypertonic saline is very effective and safe with proper precautions. | Mohammed I Yasawy Abdelrahman E Mohammed Sammak Bassam Mohammed A Karawi Sohail Shariq | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，5： | 3 |
| 18 | GIS Predictive Model for Producing Hydrothermal Gold Potential Map Using Weights of Evidence Approach in Gengma Region, Sanjiang District, China显示文摘Gengma region, Sanjiang district is known to have some large-scale gold deposits. GIS predictive model for hydrothermal gold potential was carried out in this region using weights of evidence modeling technique. Datasets used include large-scale hydrothermal gold deposit records, geological, geophysical and remote sensing imagery. Based on the geological and mineral characteristics of areas with known gold occurrences in Sanjiang, several geological features were thought to be indicative of areas with potential for the occurrence of hydrothermal gold deposits. Indicative features were extracted from geoexploration datasets for use as input in the predictive model. The features include host rock lithology, geologic structures, wallrock alteration and associated (volcanic-plutonic) igneous rocks. To determine which of the indicative geological features are important spatial predictors of area with potential for gold deposits, spatial analysis was done through the modeling method. The input maps were buffered and the optimum distance of spatial association for each geological feature was determined by calculating the contrast and studentized contrast. Five feature maps were converted to binary predictor patterns and used as evidential layers for predictive modeling. The binary patterns were integrated in two combinations, each of which consists of four patterns in order to avoid over prediction due to the effect of duplicate features in the two structural evidences. The two produced potential maps define almost similar favorable zones. Areas of intersections between these zones in the two potential maps placed the highest predictive favorable zones in the region. | Bassam F Al Bassam | 2003 | Journal of China University of Geosciences2003，14，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Digestive manifestations of parathyroid disorders显示文摘The parathyroid glands are the main regulator of plasma calcium and have a direct influence on the digestive tract.Parathyroid disturbances often result in unknown long-standing symptoms.The main manifestation of hypoparathyroidism is steatorrhea due to a deficit in exocrine pancreas secretion.The association with celiac sprue may contribute to malabsorption.Hyperparathyroidism causes smooth-muscle atony,with upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea,heartburn and constipation.Hyperparathyroidism and peptic ulcer were strongly linked before the advent of proton pump inhibitors.Nowadays,this association remains likely only in the particular context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1/Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.In contrast to chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis due to primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most studied topics.The causative effect of high calcium level is confirmed and the distinction from secondary hyperparathyroidism is mandatory.The digestive manifestations of parathyroid malfunction are often overlooked and serum calcium level must be included in the routine workup for abdominal symptoms. | Bassam Abboud Ronald Daher Joe Boujaoude | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，36： | 2 |
| 20 | Silver Staining of DNA in Polyacrylamide Gels 显示文摘 | Bassam B J Caetano- Anolles G | 1993 | Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology1993，42，： | 2 |
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