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| 1 | ESVS指南:颈动脉狭窄有创性治疗的适应证和技术显示文摘欧洲血管外科学会召集颈动脉疾病领域的专家制定了关于颈动脉疾病有创性治疗的最新指南。根据证据级别对推荐意见进行分级。对于狭窄程度〉50%的有症状患者,如果围手术期卒中/死亡发生率〈6%,则推荐行颈动脉内膜切除术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA)(A级推荐),最好在患者最近发作的2周内进行(A级推荐)。对于狭窄程度为70%~99%并且年龄在75岁以下的男性无症状患者,如果围手术期卒中/死亡发生率〈3%,也推荐行CEA(A级推荐)。女性无症状患者从CEA中获得的益处明显不如男性患者(A级推荐)。因此,只有年龄较小的合适的女性患者才考虑行CEA(A级推荐)。颈动脉补片血管成形术优于直接缝合(A级推荐)。在CEA术前、术中和术后均应给予阿司匹林(75~325medd)和他汀类药物治疗(A级推荐)。颈动脉支架置入术(carotid artery stenting,CAS)仅适用于CEA高危患者,并且应在围手术期卒中,死亡发生率较低的大型中心或是在随机对照试验中进行(C级推荐)。在CAS治疗的同时,应使用阿司匹林+氯吡格雷双重抗血小板治疗(A级推荐)。使用颈动脉保护装置可能有益(C级推荐)。 | C.D. Liapis P.R.F. Bell D. Mikhailidis J. Sixenius A. Nicolaides J. Femandes e Fermndes G. Biasi L. Norgren 无 尧瑶(译) 兰青(译) | 2009 | 国际脑血管病杂志2009，17，5： | 34 |
| 2 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 3 | Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs. | E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel Adam Spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 13 |
| 4 | 严重颅脑创伤患儿入院72h内开始营养支持与良好预后有关:二次分析一项治疗性低体温随机对照试验显示文摘目的了解严重颅脑损伤(severe traumatic brain injury,TBI)患儿营养支持开始时机与预后的关系。设计二次分析一项关于治疗性低体温的随机对照研究(Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Consortium: Hypothermia, also known as the Cool Kids Trial(NCT 00222742)。 | Meinert E Bell MJ Buttram S 方伯梁(译) 钱素云(校) | 2018 | 中国小儿急救医学2018，25，6： | 12 |
| 5 | 唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者的处理及结果显示文摘先进的影像学技术、外束照射、中子束治疗及化疗已改变了人们对唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者的治疗策略。虽然对此类患者目前仍首选外科手术,但对最佳治疗方案仍未达成共识。该文介绍了作者应用手术、放疗、化疗治疗唾液腺恶性肿瘤的经验,并对治疗效果进行回顾,以期找到一个判断患者生存率及原发灶局部控制率的预后指标。对1992—2002年间在其医学院接受治疗的85例唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者行回顾性研究,对数据资料应用描述性统计法进行分析, | Bell RB Dierks E J Homer L | 2005 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2005，3，3： | 10 |
| 6 | 欧洲血管外科学会指南:第二部分——颈动脉狭窄患者的诊断和检查显示文摘在此,我们呈献颈动脉狭窄患者脑血管事件二级预防的欧洲血管外科学会指南,包括降脂治疗、抗血小板治疗以及其他危险因素控制。这些推荐均基于现有的临床试验证据。对颈动脉病患者需要采取积极的预防性治疗。我们还讨论了颈动脉狭窄的诊断和分级。 | Christos D. Liapis Sir Peter F. Bell Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Juharli Sivenius Andrew Nicolaides Jose Femandes e Fernandes Giorgio Biasi Ears Norgrer 赵颖(译) 谭泽锋(译) 徐安定(译) | 2011 | 国际脑血管病杂志2011，19，7： | 9 |
| 7 | Evolution of surgical skills training显示文摘外科的训练正在变化:100 年传统被法律、道德的担心为耐心的安全,工作小时限制,手术室时间的费用,和复杂并发症正在质问。训练的外科的模拟和技巧提供一个机会在在生活病人上尝试他们前在手术室环境外面教并且练习先进技巧。当使用真实仪器和录像设备操作在一个盒子训练员模仿了“织物”,模拟训练能向前是同样直的。更先进的、虚拟现实模拟器现在为普遍使用可得到、准备好了。早系统表明了他们的有效性和歧视的能力。更新的系统启用全面课程和完整的程序的模拟的开发。医药教育是的毕业生的认证委员会(ACGME ) 要求了训练和评估的新奇方法的发展。外科的组织正在打电话让方法保证技巧的维护,并且,进展 surgical 训练信任外科医生作为技术上能干。在他们的当前的形式的模拟器被表明了改进外科的居民的手术室表演。训练课程标准化的开发仍然是一个迫切、重要的议程,特别地为最小的侵略外科。一条创新、进步的途径,从航空的域借经验,能为外科的训练的下一个世纪提供基础,保证产品的质量。当技术发展,我们练习的方法将继续演变,到医生和病人的利益。 | Kurt E Roberts Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，20： | 8 |
| 8 | 欧洲血管外科学会指南:第1部分——颈动脉狭窄患者的预防显示文摘在此,我们呈献颈动脉狭窄患者脑血管事件二级预防的欧洲血管外科学会指南,包括降脂治疗、抗血小板治疗以及其他危险因素控制。这些推荐均基于现有的临床试验证据。对颈动脉疾病患者需要采取积极的预防性治疗。我们还讨论了颈动脉狭窄的诊断和分级。 | Christos D. Liapis Sir Peter F. Bell Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Juhani Sivenius Andrew Nicolaides Jose Femandes e Fernandes Giorgio Biasi Lars Norgren 董大伟(译) 刘小艳(译) 徐安定(译) | 2011 | 国际脑血管病杂志2011，19，6： | 7 |
| 9 | Controversies in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and achalasia显示文摘胃的食道的倒流疾病(GERD ) 和弛缓不能的有效治疗为这二作为标准答案建立了最小的侵略外科的 laparoscopic 外科的巨大的成功与更低的病态和死亡调节,更短的医院停留,更快的康复,和不太手术后的疼痛。在 GERD 的处理的一争吵作为比较喜欢的处理在 laparoscopic 反倒流外科(LARS ) 附近演变让 Barrett 的食管和过程的潜力减少食管的腺癌的风险。GERD 也与呼吸症状,气喘和喉的损害被联系了,并且第二争吵推动全部或部分的 fundoplication 是否是为 GERD 的更适当的处理的讨论。在 GERD 的处理的一种新、有希望的选择是 endoluminal 治疗。这种新处理选择的三种类型将被讨论:送到更低的食道的括约肌的射频精力,在胃的食道的连接的一个机械障碍的创造,并且更低的食道的括约肌的直接内视镜的紧缩。Laparoscopic 外科为弛缓不能为 GERD 而且同样永久的痊愈作为很有效的治疗被讨论不仅。这评论为弛缓不能分析三种很重要的处理选择:药,灵魂膨胀,和外科的治疗。因为他们的短半衰期和可变吸收,在弛缓不能的处理的药同样唯一的真非侵略的选择由于穷人不象 LARS 一样有效食道的倒空。第二种处理选择,灵魂膨胀,包含拉长更低的食管并且是仍然为弛缓不能考虑了最有效的非外科的处理。最后,为弛缓不能的外科的治疗和有关这个 laparoscopic 处理的二主要争吵被讨论。第一包含肌切开术被扩大到到胃上的程度,并且第二使反倒流过程的必要性和类型担心在肌切开术以后阻止 GERD。LARS 和 laparoscopic Heller 肌切开术是同意了在之上作为为 GERD 和弛缓不能的外科疗法的标准答案分别地。在一位富有经验的 laparoscopic 外科医生的手里,两个是为有有至少 90% 耐心的满足的优秀主观、客观的长期的结果的病人的安全、有效的治疗。 | Kurt E Roberts Andrew J Duffy Robert L Bell | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，20： | 4 |
| 10 | A high-order projection method for tracking fluid interface in variable density incompressible flows显示文摘 | Puckett E G Almgren A S Bell J B | 1997 | Compute Phys1997，130，： | 1 |
| 11 | The dynamic digital disk 显示文摘 | Bell A E | 1999 | IEEE Spectrum1999，36，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Mid-term results for secondgeneration thoracic stent grafts 显示文摘 | Bell R E Taylor P R Auketr M | 2003 | Br J Surg2003，90，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Lithography using ultrathin resist films显示文摘 | See E G Pike C Bell S | 2000 | U J Vac Sci Technol B2000，18，： | 1 |
| 14 | Peritoneal implants of o- varian serous borderline tumors: histologie features and prognosis 显示文摘 | Bell D A Weinstock M A Scully R E | 1988 | Cancer1988，62，10： | 1 |
| 15 | ACR guidance document forsafe MR practices : 2007显示文摘 | Kanal E Barkovich A J Bell C | 2007 | Am J Roentgenol2007，188，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Open innovation maturity framework显示文摘 | ENKEL E BELL J HOGENKAMP H | 2011 | International Journal of Innovation Management2011，15，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Aquaporin water channels AQP1 and AQP3, are expressed in equine ar- ticular chondrocytes显示文摘 | MOBASHERI A TRUJILLO E BELL S | 2004 | Vet J2004，168，2： | 1 |
| 18 | The experience and impactof chronic disease peer support interventions: A qualitative synthe-sis 显示文摘 | Embuldeniya G Veinot P Bell E | 2013 | Patient Education and Counseling2013，92，1： | 1 |
| 19 | The bicultural life experience of career-oriented black women显示文摘 | Bell E | 1990 | Journal of Organizational Behavior1990，11，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Increased activities of hepatic antioxidant defence enzymes in juvenile gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata I4 )fed dietary oxidized oil attenuation by dietary vitamin E显示文摘 | Mourente G Diaz-Salvago E Bell J G | 2002 | Aquaculture2002，214，： | 1 |
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