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| 1 | Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”显示文摘Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, S.aureus intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure. | Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，3： | 19 |
| 2 | Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated pathways to both apoptosis and autophagy: Significance for melanoma treatment显示文摘Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer.Disrupted intracellular signaling pathways are responsible for melanoma's extraordinary resistance to current chemotherapeutic modalities. The pathophysiologic basis for resistance to both chemo- and radiation therapy is rooted in altered genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that, in turn, result in the impairing of cell death machinery and/or excessive activation of cell growth and survival-dependent pathways. Although most current melanoma therapies target mitochondrial dysregulation,there is increasing evidence that endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress-associated pathways play a role in the potentiation,initiation and maintenance of cell death machinery and autophagy. This review focuses on the reliability of ER-associated pathways as therapeutic targets for melanoma treatment. | Mohamed Hassan Denis Selimovic Matthias Hannig Youssef Haikel Robert T Brodell Mossaad Megahed | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，4： | 15 |
| 3 | Minocycline- induced hyperpigmentation: comparison of 3 Q-switched lasers to reverse its effects 显示文摘 | Nisar MS Iyer K Brodell RT | 2013 | Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol2013，6，： | 1 |
| 4 | Autologous fat transfer-induced facial nodule显示文摘 | Brodell L A Gru A A Haughey B | 2013 | J Am Acad Dermatol2013，69，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Pellagra in mozambican refugees显示文摘 | Moren A Lemoult D Brodel A | | 0，，8702： | 1 |
| 6 | Removal of keratinous and pilar cysts with the punchincisionteehnique analysis of surgiealout- comes显示文摘 | Mehrabi D Leonhardt ]M Brodell RT | 2002 | Dermatol Surg2002，28，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Pathophysiology of chronic urticaria 显示文摘 | Brodell LA Beck LA Saini SS | 2008 | Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol2008，100，4： | 1 |
| 8 | The diagnosis and treatment of human papilomavirus - mediated genital lesions显示文摘 | Brodell LA Mercurio MG Brodell RT | 2007 | Cutis2007，79，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Overview of the treatment of acne vulgaris with topical retinoids 显示文摘 | Hsu P Litman GI Brodell RT | 2011 | Postgrad Med2011，123，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery显示文摘 | Brodell GK Cosgrove D Schiavone W | 1991 | Cleve Clin J Med1991，58，： | 1 |
| 11 | The treatment of herpes simplex infections : an evidence-based review 显示文摘 | Cernik C Gallina K Brodell RT | 2008 | Arch Intern Med2008，168，11： | 1 |
| 12 | The treatment of palmar and plantar warts using natural a-interferon and a needleless injector显示文摘 | Brodell R T and Bredle D L | 1995 | Dermatol Surg1995，21，： | 1 |
| 13 | Treatment of HaileyHailey disease with tacrolimus ointment and clobetasol propionate foam显示文摘 | Umar S Bhattacharjee P Brodell R | 2004 | J Drugs Dermatol2004，3，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Topical corticosteroid' addiction:A cause of perioral dermatitis显示文摘 | Wells K Brodell RT | 1993 | Postgrad Med1993，93，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Treatment of xanthelasma palpebrarum with biehloracetic acid 显示文摘 | Haygood LJ Bennett JD Brodell RT | 1998 | Dermatol Surg1998，24，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Hospital consultations:time to address an unmet need?显示文摘 | Helms AE Helms SE Brodell RT | 2009 | J Am Acad Dermatol2009，60，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Remission of the free-branching pattern of Euphorbia pulcherrima by tetracycline treatment显示文摘 | Brodel B G Preil W Jeske H | 2000 | Journal of Phytopathology2000，148，： | 1 |
| 18 | Cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery显示文摘 | Brodel GK Cosgrove D Schiavone W | 1991 | Cleve Clin J Med1991，58，： | 1 |
| 19 | Erythematous scaling eyelids: patient history, exposure to allergens and irritants are keys to diagnosis显示文摘 | Graves JE Brodell RT | 2005 | Postgrad Med2005，117，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Transient osteoporosis of the hip of pregnancy, two cases complicated by pathological fracture 显示文摘 | Brodell JD Burns JE Jr Heiple KG | 1989 | J Bone Joint Surg Am1989，71，8： | 1 |
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