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| 1 | Predictors of spine deformity progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review with meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate published data on the predictors of progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) in order to evaluate their efficacy and level of evidence. METHODS: Selection criteria:(1) study design: randomized controlled clinical trials, prospective cohort studies and case series, retrospective comparative and none comparative studies;(2) participants: adolescents with AIS aged from 10 to 20 years; and(3) treatment: observation, bracing, and other. Search method: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Pub Medand patent data bases. All years through August 2014 were included. Data were collected that showed an association between the studied characteristics and the progression of AIS or the severity of the spine deformity. Odds ratio(OR), sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were also collected. A metaanalysis was performed to evaluate the pooled OR and predictive values, if more than 1 study presented a result. The GRADE approach was applied to evaluate the level of evidence.RESULTS: The review included 25 studies. All studies showed statistically significant or borderline association between severity or progression of AIS with the following characteristics:(1) An increase of the Cobb angle or axial rotation during brace treatment;(2) decrease of the rib-vertebral angle at the apical level of the convex side during brace treatment;(3) initial Cobb angle severity(> 25o);(4) osteopenia;(5) patient age < 13 years at diagnosis;(6) premenarche status;(7) skeletal immaturity;(8) thoracic deformity;(9) brain stem vestibular dysfunction; and(10) multiple indices combining radiographic, demographic, and physiologic characteristics. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the following genes:(1) calmodulin 1;(2) estrogen receptor 1;(3) tryptophan hydroxylase 1;(3) insulin-like growth factor 1;(5) neurotrophin 3;(6) interleukin-17 receptor C;(7) melatonin receptor 1B, and(8) Scoli Score test. Other predictors included:(1) impairment of melatonin signaling in osteoblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC);(2) G-protein signaling dysfunction in PBMC; and(3) the level of platelet calmodulin. However, predictive values of all these findings were limited, and the levels of evidence were low. The pooled result of brace treatment outcomes demonstrated that around 27% of patents with AIS experienced exacerbation of the spine deformity during or after brace treatment, and 15% required surgical correction. However, the level of evidence is also low due to the limitations of the included studies.CONCLUSION: This review did not reveal any methods for the prediction of progression in AIS that could be recommended for clinical use as diagnostic criteria. | Andriy Noshchenko Lilian Hoffecker Emily M Lindley Evalina L Burger Christopher MJ Cain Vikas V Patel Andrew P Bradford | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，7： | 4 |
| 2 | Comparison of the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin , simvastatin , and pravastatin across doses (STELLAR * * STELLAR = Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels compared Across doses to Rosuvastatin. Trial)显示文摘 | Peter H Jones Michael H Davidson Evan A Stein Harold E Bays James M McKenney Elinor Miller Valerie A Cain James W Blasetto | 2003 | The American Journal of Cardiology2003，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Protein complexes ac- tivate distinct caspase cascades in death receptor and stress-in- duced apoptosis显示文摘 | Bratton SB Macfarlane M Cain K | 2000 | Exp Cell Res2000，256，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of pretreatment with phosphate in natural populations of Agrostis capillaris L: Interactions with aluminum on the acid phosphatase activity and potassium leakage of intact roots 显示文摘 | Mc Cain S Davies M S | 1984 | New Phytol1984，96，： | 1 |
| 5 | Protein complexes activate distinct caspase cascades in death receptor and stress-induced apoptosis 显示文摘 | Bratton S B MacFarlane M Cain K | 2000 | Exp Cell Res2000，256，： | 1 |
| 6 | The Apaf-1 apoptosome: a large caspase-activating complex 显示文摘 | CAIN K BRATTON S B COHEN G M | 2002 | Biochimie2002，84，： | 1 |
| 7 | A spatially explicit test of foraging behavior in a clone plant显示文摘 | Evans J P Cain M L | 1995 | Ecology1995，76，： | 1 |
| 8 | Protein complexes activatedistinct caspase cascades in death receptor and stress induced ap-optosis 显示文摘 | Bratton SB MacFarlane M Cain K | 2009 | Exp Cell Res2009，256，： | 1 |
| 9 | Change in climate and hydro-chemical responses in a high-elevation catchments in the Rocky Mountains, USA 显示文摘 | WILLIAMS M W LOSLEBEN M CAINE N | 1996 | Limnology Oceanogr1996，41，： | 1 |
| 10 | The effect of u- sing a suspension training system on muscle activation during the performance of a front plank exercise显示文摘 | Byrne J M Bishop NS Caines AM eta| | 2014 | J Strength Cond Res2014，28，11： | 1 |
| 11 | Endothelin - 1- induced enhancement of coronary smooth muscle contraction via MAPK - dependent and MAPK -independent Ca^2+ sensitization pathways 显示文摘 | Cain A E Tanner D M Khalil R A | 2002 | Hypertension2002，39，22： | 1 |
| 12 | The significance of bone marrow involvement in non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma: the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience 显示文摘 | Bennett J M Cain K C Glick J H | 1986 | Clin Oncol1986，4，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Incendivity of electrostatic discharges in dust cluds: the minimum ignition energy problem显示文摘 | Bailey M Hooker P Caine P | 2001 | Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries2001，14，： | 1 |
| 14 | Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors in the human prostate, prostatic capsule and bladder neek显示文摘 | Caine M Raz S Zeigler M | 1975 | Br J Urol1975，47，： | 1 |
| 15 | An adaptive link assignment algorithm for dynamically changing topologies 显示文摘 | Noakes M D Cain J B Nieto J W | 1993 | IEEE Transactions on Communication1993，41，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Protein complexes activate distinct caspase cascades in death receptor and stressinduced apoptosis 显示文摘 | Bratton SB MacFarlane M Cain K | 2000 | Exp Cell Res2000，256，1： | 1 |
| 17 | On instantaneous frequency estimator with FIR filters having maximally flat frequency response error magnitude 显示文摘 | Hermanowicz E Rojewski M Cain G D | 2001 | Signal Processing2001，81，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Repair of hypospadias complications using the previously utilized urethral plate显示文摘 | SIMMONS G R CAIN M P CASALE A J | 1999 | Urology1999，54，： | 1 |
| 19 | Growth and nu- trient composition of Ca^2+ use efficient and Ca^2+ use inefficient genotypes of tomato显示文摘 | CAINES Angela M Shennan Carol | 1999 | Plant PhysiologicalBiochemistry1999，37，78： | 1 |
| 20 | Mode of ac- tion of spray-dried porcine plasma in weanling pigs 显示文摘 | GATNAU R CAIN C DREW M | 1995 | J Anita Sci1995，73，1： | 1 |
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